SM-RCNV: a statistical method to detect recurrent copy number variations in sequenced samples

Yaoyao Li,Xiguo Yuan,Junying Zhang,Liying Yang,Jun Bai,Shan Jiang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.5

Background Copy number variation (CNV) is an important form of genomic structural variation and is linked to dozens of human diseases. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data and developing computational methods to characterize such structural variants is significant for understanding the mechanisms of diseases. Objective The objective of this study is to develop a new statistical method of detection recurrent CNVs across multiple samples from genomic sequences. Methods A statistical method is carried out to detect recurrent CNVs, referred to as SM-RCNV. This method uses a statistic associated with each location by combining the frequency of variation at one location across whole samples and the correlation among consecutive locations. The weights of the frequency and correlation are trained using real datasets with known CNVs. P-value is assessed for each location on the genome by permutation testing. Results Compared with six peer methods, SM-RCNV outperforms the peer methods under receiver operating characteristic curves. SM-RCNV successfully identifies many consistent recurrent CNVs, most of which are known to be of biological significance and associated with diseased genes. The validation rate of SM-RCNV in the CEU call set and YRI call set with Database of Genomic Variants are 258/328 (79%) and (157/309) 51%, respectively. Conclusion SM-RCNV is a well-grounded statistical framework for detecting recurrent CNVs from multiple genomic sequences, providing valuable information to study genomes in human diseases. The source code is freely available at https ://sourc eforg e.net/proje cts/sm-rcnv/.

Adaptive Robust Control via a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer for Cable-driven Aerial Manipulators

Li Ding,Kailei Liu,Guibing Zhu,Yaoyao Wang,Yangmin Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.2

This article proposes a novel robust control scheme for the trajectory tracking control of a cabledriven aerial manipulator in joint space, combining an adaptive fractional-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode (FONTSM) manifold and a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDOB). The proposed control scheme mainly consists of three aspects, i.e., an NDOB used to estimate the unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances, a FONTSM applied to guarantee the control accuracy of the tracking performance, and an adaptive reaching law applied to improve the robustness. The proposed scheme is based on the model-free idea that can reduce the difficulty of controller design without knowing the precise dynamics of the plant. The experimental results show that the proposed controller can ensure better transient performance and stronger robustness against lumped disturbances than two other existing controllers.

Endophytes from Natural Festuca spp. in Southwest China and Their Compatibility with Tall Fescue Cultivars

Yaoyao Wang,Yongji Du,Liebao Han,Deying Li 한국잔디학회 2009 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.23 No.1

Investigating endophyte distribution, naturally occurring in native grasses, is important for understanding endophyte-grass associations and using the beneficial effects of endophytes in cultivated plants. The goal of this study was to investigate endophytes from natural Festuca spp. in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces of China, and to study the compatibility between the endophytes and turf type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) which is widely used for lawn and athletic fields in that region. Of 628 accessions in F. ovina, 421 had endophytes identified in leaf sheath from on-site microscopic examination. From Festuca spp, three isolates were obtained from the seeds and ninety isolates were obtained from seedlings established from the collected seeds. The isolates from F. ovina and F. stapfii were tentatively identified as Neotyphodium typhinum and Neotyphodiumstarii, respectively. We tested compatibility of the two fungal species with seven tall fescue cultivars, Little Hero, Sub Boy, Eldorado, Arid III, Millennium, Crossfire, and Fawn. N. typhinum or N. starii did not infect ‘Fawn’with either seed injection or seed soaking method. The highest infection rate byboth N. typhinum and N. starii was in ‘Sun Boy’ and ‘Eldorado’. There were significant interaction effects between tall fescue cultivar and type of endophyte on infection. Investigating endophyte distribution, naturally occurring in native grasses, is important for understanding endophyte-grass associations and using the beneficial effects of endophytes in cultivated plants. The goal of this study was to investigate endophytes from natural Festuca spp. in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces of China, and to study the compatibility between the endophytes and turf type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) which is widely used for lawn and athletic fields in that region. Of 628 accessions in F. ovina, 421 had endophytes identified in leaf sheath from on-site microscopic examination. From Festuca spp, three isolates were obtained from the seeds and ninety isolates were obtained from seedlings established from the collected seeds. The isolates from F. ovina and F. stapfii were tentatively identified as Neotyphodium typhinum and Neotyphodiumstarii, respectively. We tested compatibility of the two fungal species with seven tall fescue cultivars, Little Hero, Sub Boy, Eldorado, Arid III, Millennium, Crossfire, and Fawn. N. typhinum or N. starii did not infect ‘Fawn’with either seed injection or seed soaking method. The highest infection rate byboth N. typhinum and N. starii was in ‘Sun Boy’ and ‘Eldorado’. There were significant interaction effects between tall fescue cultivar and type of endophyte on infection.

Synthesis of the crystalline porous copper oxide architectures derived from metal-organic framework for electrocatalytic oxidation and sensitive detection of glucose

Lili Li,Yaoyao Liu,Lunhong Ai,Jing Jiang 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.70 No.-

The porous CuO architectures have been successfully synthesize by the effective transformation of aCu-BTC metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) through a facile heating treatment. The as-synthesized porousCuO architectures exhibit high electrocatalytic activity toward the glucose oxidation. When evaluated asa nonenzymatic glucose biosensor, the porous CuO architectures manifest fast response within 1.3 s, widelinear range from 0.5 mM to 2.8 mM, low detection limit of 0.1 mM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), highsensitivity up to 934.2 mA mM 1cm 2 as well as favorable reproducibility.

Association of the Serotonin Receptor 3E Gene as a Functional Variant in the MicroRNA-510 Target Site with Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Chinese Women

( Yu Zhang ),( Yaoyao Li ),( Zhenfeng Hao ),( Xiangming Li ),( Ping Bo ),( Weijuan Gong ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.2

Background/Aims The functional variant (rs56109847) in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of the serotonin receptor 3E (HTR3E) gene is associated with female diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) in British populations. However, the relationship of the polymorphism both to HTR3E expression in the intestine and to the occurrence of Chinese functional gastrointestinal disorders has yet to be examined. Methods Polymerase chain reaction amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses were employed to detect polymorphisms among Chinese Han women, particularly 107 patients with IBS-D, 99 patients with functional dyspepsia (FD), 115 patients with mixed IBS and 69 patients with IBS-D + FD. We also assessed microRNA-510 (miR-510) and HTR3E expression in human colonic mucosal tissues with immunohistochemistry and other methods. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to examine the binding ability of miR-510 and HTR3E 3′-UTR. Results Genotyping data showed the variant rs56109847 was significantly associated with IBS-D, but not with FD, mixed-IBS, or FD + IBS-D. HTR3E was abundantly expressed around the colonic mucosal glands but less expressed in the stroma. miR-510 expression decreased, whereas HTR3E expression increased in the colonic mucosal tissue of patients with IBS-D compared with those in controls. HTR3E expression was significantly higher in patients with the GA genotype than that in patients with the GG genotype. The single nucleotide polymorphisms disrupted the binding site of miR-510 and significantly upregulated luciferase expression in HEK293 and HT-29 cells. Conclusions The single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs56109847 led to reduced microRNA binding and overexpression of the target gene in intestinal cells, thereby increasing IBS-D risk in the Chinese Han population. The decreased expression of miR-510 might contribute to IBS-D. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016;22:272-281)

Researching on X-Band Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiency of MWCNTs Buckypapers Inserted with Mn Nanopowder

Shaowei Lu,Yaoyao Bai,Jijie Wang,Chenxu Zhao,Wei Li,Xiaoqiang Wang,Zhenwei Huang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.6

Ultrathin multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) buckypapers inserted with Mn nanopowder were fabricated via vacuum filtration method, at a lower manufacturing cost and easier operation. The buckypapers were characterized structurally using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of MWCNTs buckypapers inserted with Mn nanopowder (0–30 wt.%) were tested in X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). When the blended Mn nanopowder content is 20 wt.%, the buckypaper exhibits much higher EMI SE of average value up to 42 dB with the thickness of only 0.11 mm. Further, this buckypaper is flexible and lightweight, and can be integrated with resin matrix composites. Thus, the results and techniques promise a simple and effective approach to achieve lightweight and ultrathin composite films for a wide application prospect in the field of EMI shielding and microwave absorption.

Parameter optimization of five-axis polishing using abrasive belt flap wheel for blisk blade

Junfeng Zhang,Yaoyao Shi,Xiaojun Lin,Zhishan Li 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.10

Considering the weak rigidity of blisk blades and the limited accessibility of blisk tunnels, polishing blisk blades is difficult when using tools with poor flexibility and large dimension. Hence, to reduce the surface roughness (SR) of a blisk blade, five-axis polishing method with abrasive belt flap wheel (ABFW) is employed to polish the blisk blade based on the analysis of the blisk structure and advantages of ABFW polishing. Polishing experiments based on central composite design are performed using ABFW. Response surface method (RSM) is employed to establish a predictive model between SR and various parameters, including ABFW size, contact force, spindle speed, and feed rate. Analysis of variance is then performed to evaluate the proposed model. The degree of influence of each factor on SR after polishing using ABFW is determined by plotting main effects. The interactions of polishing factors on SR are analyzed by RSM. Optimal parameters are obtained by response surface optimization. Finally, an experiment on blisk blade polishing using ABFW on a five-axis polishing machine is carried out for confirmation. Results indicate that the surface quality of the blisk blade after polishing is significantly improved, with SR being less than 0.4 μm.

Fractional-Order Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control of a Cable-Driven Aerial Manipulator Based on RBF Neural Network

Yong Yao,Li Ding,Yaoyao Wang 한국항공우주학회 2024 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.25 No.2

High-performance control of aerial manipulators with active interactive operation under lumped disturbance is challenging. In this article, a robust control scheme is developed for the precise and anti-disturbance motion control of a novel cable- driven aerial manipulator. The fractional-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control in the control structure guarantees tracking accuracy and avoids singular issues. At the same time, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network is adopted to approximate and compensate for the lumped disturbance to improve the tracking accuracy and robustness of the system. Besides, the chattering phenomenon of the sliding mode control is weakened thanks to the fractional calculus and the replacement of the sign function by a novel power function. Finally, several comparative simulation cases are conducted, and the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed control strategy are demonstrated.

Endophytes from Natural Festuca spp. in Southwest China and Their Compatibility with Tall Fescue Cultivars

왕야오야오,두용지,한리바우,리다이엥,Wang, Yaoyao,Du, Yongji,Han, Liebao,Li, Deying Turfgrass Society of Korea 2009 한국잔디학회지 Vol.23 No.1

자생화본과 식물에서 자연적으로 생기는 엔도파이트 분포의 연구는 엔도파이트 공생에 대한 이해와 재배식물에서의 엔도파이트의 잇점에 대하여 중요하다. 본 연구는 중국 유난, 구이죠우, 시촨지역에서 자생하는 페스큐로부터 엔도파이트를 조사하고, 그 지역에서 널리 식재되는 잔디형 페스큐와의 융화에 대하여 연구하는데 목표를 두었다. 현장의 현미경 관찰 결과628개체의 sheep fescue 중 421개체가 엽초조직에서 엔도파이트가 동정되었다. 페스큐종에서 3개는 종자에서, 90개의 엔도파이트 분리체가 수집된 종자의 유묘에서 수집되었다. sheep fescue와 stapfii 페스큐의 엔도파이트는 Neotyphodium typhinum와 Neotyphodium starii로 각각 동정되었다. Little Hero, Sub Boy, Eldorado, Arid III, Millennium, Crossfire, 그리고 Fawn 톨페스큐 7품종에서 위 2종의 균류의 융화성을 조사한 결과, N. typhinum 나 N. typhinum and N. starii는 'Sun Boy'와 'Eldorado'에서 가장 높은 접종율을 보였다. 톨페스큐 품종과 엔도파이트 타입과의 접종에서 매우 높은 유의성의 교호 효과를 보였다. Investigating endophyte distribution, naturally occurring in native grasses, is important for understanding endophyte-grass associations and using the beneficial effects of endophytes in cultivated plants. The goal of this study was to investigate endophytes from natural Festuca spp. in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces of China, and to study the compatibility between the endophytes and turf type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) which is widely used for lawn and athletic fields in that region. Of 628 accessions in F. ovina, 421 had endophytes identified in leaf sheath from on-site microscopic examination. From Festuca spp, three isolates were obtained from the seeds and ninety isolates were obtained from seedlings established from the collected seeds. The isolates from F. ovina and F. stapfii were tentatively identified as Neotyphodium typhinum and Neotyphodiumstarii, respectively. We tested compatibility of the two fungal species with seven tall fescue cultivars, Little Hero, Sub Boy, Eldorado, Arid III, Millennium, Crossfire, and Fawn. N. typhinum or N. starii did not infect 'Fawn' with either seed injection or seed soaking method. The highest infection rate byboth N. typhinum and N. starii was in 'Sun Boy' and 'Eldorado'. There were significant interaction effects between tall fescue cultivar and type of endophyte on infection.

The characteristic analysis of the operational overvoltage caused by the vacuum circuit breakers on High-speed trains

Xiao Song,Tong Mengyuan,Rao Yang,Li Yuhang,Ye Zhizong,Shen Yixiang,Hou Hao,Gao Guoqiang,Wu Guangning,Jin Yaoyao,Zhou Jie,Liu Jie 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.1

Along with the operating velocity and traction power increasing continuously, the issue related to the safety and reliability of the high-voltage traction power system for high-speed trains have gradually been exposed during the practical service process. When the train passes a neutral section settled roughly per 15 km between two neighboring substations, the on-board vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) must to be operated for changing the input powers with diff erent phases. At the moment of switching on or off the VCB, the arc between the contacts in the arc-extinguishing chamber may be triggered, which tends to result in the operational overvoltage. Due to numerous inductances and capacitances existing in the traction power supply system, the overvoltage may lead to high-frequency electromagnetic oscillation spreading along the transmission routes. The on-board high-voltage equipments within the power supply system may suff er from the impulse brought from the VCB operational overvoltage frequently, which is possible to cause the insulation aging or breakdown issue. To investigate the characteristic of the operational overvoltage of VCBs, a ‘train-rail-catenary’ power supply model is built based on the measured impedance parameters, which has been verifi ed by the experimental tests. The generating mechanism with the infl uence factors of the operational overvoltage when switching on or off the VCB has been explored, meanwhile the distribution of the train body overvoltage on each carriage has also been presented.