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Bai‐Zhong Zhang,Jun-Jie LIU,Xi-Ling CHEN,Guo-Hui YUAN 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.5
In order to precisely assess gene expression levels, the suitable internal reference genes must be served to quantify real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) data. For armyworm, Mythimna separata, which reference genes are suitable for assessing the level of transcriptional expression of target genes have yet to be explored. In this study, eight common reference genes, including β‐actin (β‐ACT), 18 s ribosomal (18S), 28S ribosomal (28S), glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate (GAPDH), elongation fator‐alpha (EF1α), TATA box binding protein (TBP), ribosomal protein L7 (RPL7), and alpha‐tubulin (α‐TUB) that in different developmental stages, tissues and insecticide treatments of M. separata were evaluated. To further explore whether these genes were suitable to serve as endogenous controls, three software‐based approaches (geNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder), the delta Ct method, and one web‐based comprehensive tool (RefFinder) were employed to analyze and rank the tested genes. The optimal number of reference genes was determined using the geNorm program, and the suitability of particular reference genes was empirically validated according to normalized HSP70, and MsepCYP321A10 gene expression data. We found that the most suitable reference genes for the different experimental conditions. For developmental stages, 28S/RPL7 were the optimal reference genes, both RPL7/EF1α were suitable for experiments of different tissues, whereas for insecticide treatments, 28S/α‐TUB were suitable for normalizations of expression data. In addition, 28S/α‐TUB were the suitable reference genes because they have the most stable expression among different developmental stages, tissues and insecticide treatments. Our work is the first report on reference gene selection in M. separata, and might serve as a precedent for future gene expression studies.
신응배,김미경,홍준혁,공동수 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6
Biological phosphorus removal is characterized by complex interactions between different intracellular components of energy as PHA. Therefore, fundamental understanding of the behavior of the intracellular components and their influence on the removal of phosphorus is essential before control strategies to stabilize the proper process. The purpose of this study is to investigate relationship between release of phosphorus and synthesis of intracellular storage polymer. Mass of stored intracellular storage polymer was 21.2 ㎎ PHA/L, 28.8 ㎎ PHA / g MLSS. And phosphorus release/ intracellular storage polymer synthesis rate was 1.8545 ㎎ stored polymer/㎎ Phosphate. In the aerobic phase, mass of PAOs synthesis is 49.37 ㎎ PAOs/L. And PAOs fraction was 6.7-6.9%. Thus intracellular storage polymer synthesis by PAOs is calculated as 493㎎ PHA / g PAOs.
자일리톨, 후노란, 제2인산칼슘 및 카제인포스포펩타이드배합껌이 법랑질의 광질재침착에 미치는 영향에 관한 실용실험연구
이병진,배광학,박우철,양준영,황수정,노정,백대일,김종배 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.4
The object of this study was to investigate caries preventive effect of chewing gum containing xylitol, funoran, calcium hydrogen phosphate and casein phosphopeptide by examining Vickers' hardness and surface roughness with confocal laser microscope. Early caries-like lesions were created using 0.1 M lactic acid-sodium hydroxide buffer(pH 4.0). 8 pieces of 3am diameter bovine enamel specimen with early caries-like lesions were mounted into the recesses of lingual surface of the acrylic mandibular removable appliance. 13 subjects were the appliance for daytime and chewed control and experimental gums 7 times in a day, for 3 days. In order to evaluate the remineralization effect of chewing gum on specimens, we measured vickers' hardness number after chewing gum, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days after and calculated surface roughness immediately after chewing gum. Vickers' hardness number of experimental chewing gum was significantly higher than control in 2 and 3 days after. Surface roughness of experimental chewing gum was significantly lower than control immediately after chewing gum. These results showed that experimental gum has more effective in remineralization of bovine tooth enamel, and it is more effective at immediately after chewing.
주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 지적수준에 따른 정신병리와 실행기능의 차이
천은진,서완석,이종범,김진성,구본훈,송창진,성형모,배준용,배대석 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.4
To investigate psychopathoIogy and executive functions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children according to intelligence level, this study included 197 ADHD children who visited the outpatient department of neuropsychiatry of YeungNam University Medical Center, from July 2000 to June 2002. The children were divided into groups based on their intelligence levels. They were compared by the Personality Inventory for Children (PIC), Conncers' Continuous Performence Test (CPT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). There were significant differences in PIC, on the subscales of verbal development, socialization and autism. In the CPT, there was no significant difference. In the WCST, there were significant differences in the total number of errors, the number of perseverative errors, the number of completed categories and the number of trials needed to complete the first category. Considering these results, the intelligence level of ADHD children is related to their disabilities and behavioral symptoms.Executive functions such as abstract thinking, categorization, working memory and flexibility had significant relationship to the intelligence levels of ADHD children. Therefore, the intelligence level of children with ADHD influences the higher executive functions of regulating attention and information processing rather than attentional functions and capacity alone.
A Study on Metastable Pitting of Alloy 690 in Chloride Solutions at 90℃
Bai, Zhi Jun,Kwon, Hyuk Sang 한국부식방식학회 2002 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.31 No.1
Metastable pitting behavior of alloy 690 in chloride solutions at 90℃ was explored using potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization methods. The results indicated that there existed a critical concentration of chloride ion of 0.01M above which alloy 690 is susceptible to pitting corrosion. Susceptibility of of the alloy to metastable pitting increases with applied potentials at 0.01 M Cl- concentration and increasing the C1- concentration at a f xed applied potential of 0 mV. The metastable pitting events were characterized by a slow increase in the anodic current followed by a quick drop. The repassivation time had some dependence on Cl- concentration and applied potential and all lied between 1 to 2 s. Corrosion types occurred during metastable pitting can be distinguished by the roll-off slope in the power spectral density plot 0 represent film dissolution, -1 represented metastable pitting and -2.5 represented pitting corrosion.
Bai, Lian-Song,Chen, Chuang,Gong, Yi-Ping,Wei, Wen,Tu, Yi,Yao, Feng,Li, Juan-Juan,Wang, Li-Jun,Sun, Sheng-Rong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2
Objective: To evaluate the relationships between lymph node ratio (LNR, the ratio of positive lymph nodes in excised axillary lymph nodes) and disease-free survival (DFS) by comparing with traditional absolute positive lymph node number (pN classification) for prediction of breast cancer (BC) progrnosis. Methods and Patients: We retrospectively reviewed patients who received comprehensive therapy in Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, China from Jan 2002 to Dec 2006 (Group A), and Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China from Jun 2008 to May 2012 (Group B). Patients were allocated to low-risk (${\leq}0.20$), intermediate-risk (> 0.20 but ${\leq}0.65$), high-risk (>0.65) groups by LNR. The primary endpoint was 5-DFS. Results: A total of 294 patients were included in our study. LNR was verified as a negative prognostic factor for DFS (P=0.002 in Group A, P<0.0001 in Group B). Then we found the effects of pN and LNR delamination on disease-free survival (DFS) had statistical significance (P=0.012 for pN and P=0.031 for LNR stratification in Group A, both of them P<0.001 in Group B). Compared to pN staging, LNR staging displayed superior performance in prognosis, the adjusted hazard ratio of recurrence being 2.07 (95%CI, 1.07 to 4.0) for intermediate risk group (P=0.030) and 2.44 (95%CI, 1.21 to 4.92) for high risk group (P=0.013) in Group A. Conclusions: LNR stratification proved an adverse prognostic factor of DFS in lymph nodes positive invasive BC using cut-off values 0.20 and 0.65, and was more predictive than traditional pN classification for 5-DFS.