Promoter Analysis of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus Ubiquitin Gene

Xu’ai Lin,Yin Chen,Yongzhu Yi,Jie Yan,Zhifang Zhang 한국미생물학회 2008 The journal of microbiology Vol.46 No.4

The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) ubiquitin gene promoter and the effects of conserved motifs, such as TAAG, TATA, and CAAT, along with baculovirus enhancer homologous region 3 (hr3), on promoter activity. Ubiquitin gene of BmNPV was expressed during the late phase of virus infection. In the presence of viral factors, significant reduction of promoter activity was observed by deletion of -382 to -124 bp upstream of ATG. The fragment between -187 and -383 bp upstream of ATG, including distal TAAG, CAAT motif, and TATA box, could also drive expression of the reporter gene. The mutation of cis-elements TATA boxes and TAAG motifs significantly decreased the promoter’s activity, while CAAT mutations enhanced promoter activity by 2- or 3-fold, as compared with the native promoter. In the presence of BmNPV, hr3, both located downstream of the reporter gene of the same vector, and separate vector, could significantly enhance transcription activity of ubiquitin promoter as compared to the control. We concluded that BmNPV ubiquitin gene might be regulated by dual sets of promoter elements, where TAAG and TATA box may positively regulate the expression of ubiquitin, while CAAT motif functions as a negative regulator. Viral factor(s) play an important role in the co-activation of hr3 and promoter.

Cloning, Expression, and Functional Characterization of the Dunaliella salina 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate Synthase Gene in Escherichia coli

Yi, Yi,Qiao, Dairong,Bai, Linhan,Xu, Hui,Li, Ya,Wang, Xiaolin,Cao, Yi The Microbiological Society of Korea 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.2

5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase, EC 2.5.1.19) is the sixth enzyme in the shikimate pathway which is essential for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and many secondary metabolites. The enzyme is widely involved in glyphosate tolerant transgenic plants because it is the primary target of the nonselective herbicide glyphosate. In this study, the Dunaliella salina EPSP synthase gene was cloned by RT-PCR approach. It contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 514 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 54.6 KDa. The derived amino acid sequence showed high homology with other EPSP synthases. The Dunaliella salina EPSP synthase gene was expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant EPSP synthase were identified by functional complementation assay.

十八世紀朝淸文士筆談內容考述

( Yi Xu ),( Li Chen ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2014 中國硏究 Vol.60 No.-

The 18th century is a period when Qing and Choson literati communicate frequently with a variety of communicating forms such as conversations by writing, the exchange of poetry, reciprocating letters, asking for providing preface and postscript, literary criticism as well as giving books as presents, among which the conversations by writing is the most popular way of interaction. According to statistical study by the author, at least 193 detailed conversations by writing happened in the 18th century were recorded in the extant Yeonhaeng Rok, one of Chinese and Korean ancient scriptures. Its contents mainly covered ten aspects, in which some in-depth exchange was recorded. Therefore, these materials are of great literature value. Regarding to the communication of etiquette system and custom, Qing people`s comments on Choson ambassadors` clothing and inturn Choson views of binding feet of Qing women are always the key points. Besides, it also includes the communication of imperial examination system in Qing Dynasty and Ancient Korea;the discussion about academy and literary between Qing and Choson scholars; Choson literati` concerns with religion; Choson literati` focus on the Ming historical events, Qing political and agricultural situation as well associal development; Choson literati` acquaintance with compilation of books in Qing Dynasty, for example "The Imperial Collection of Four Treasures";the exchange of banned books in Qing Dynasty between Qing and Choson literati; Choson scholars` care for the landscape, geography of China and places of interest in China. Qing people also pay attention to Choson in many regards, for instance, landscape and geographical situation, scene style and feature views, ancient authors and their works, history, etiquette, custom, education, languageetc. It is obvious to find the diversity of their conversation topics. And these topics are closely associated with the culture, custom, history and the focus on Confucianism of Qing Dynasty and Choson. It should also be emphasized that no matter how abundant the conversations are, the key point is always related to concerns of Choson literati when visiting Qing Dynasty and their own scholar traits.

Framing advocacy event: Comparing news coverage and Facebook comments of the Belt and Road Forum in Pakistan and the USA

Xu, Yi World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2021 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.20 No.1

With regard to the recent developments in public diplomacy, the increasing fusion of strategic communication appears necessary. China engages in public diplomacy with a strategic purpose to shape its national image abroad. Hosting diplomatic advocacy event is regarded as an instrument with expectations to present reliable and responsible image and promote international collaborations. The present research focuses on the Belt and Road Forum (BRF) in May 2017 with the objective to analyze its outcomes and influence on the international news agenda, news frames, and foreign citizens' comments online. The quantitative content analyses are used to compare the media reports (N=364) and Facebook users' comments on the selected news (N=957) between the US and Pakistan. Results reveal that Pakistani media provided more diverse frames and attributed more positive evaluations to the BRF than the US media. However, Facebook comments expressed more unfavorable opinions toward the BRF and China's image with rare differences between two countries. In conclusion, the BRF has served as an eye-catching advocacy of Chinese foreign policy, as it influenced the news agenda in two selected countries. However, news frames vary due to the differences in media system and the involvement in the BRF. China's public diplomacy practices follow a traditional top-down communication which needs meticulous subdivision of target stakeholders, delicate messaging strategies, and integrated tactics.

A Comparison of Transradial and Transfemoral Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Chinese Women Based on a Propensity Score Analysis

Yi Xu,Chen Jin,Shubin Qiao,Yongjian Wu,Hongbing Yan,Kefei Dou,Bo Xu,Jingang Yang,Yuejin Yang 대한심장학회 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.8

Background and Objectives: Over the past decades, transradial approach for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been increasingly adopted in clinical practice. Women represent a large population who will possibly benefit from PCI, but they are often under-represented in clinical studies. Therefore, the role of TRI in women remains to be further defined. This study sought to compare safety and efficacy for transradial intervention (TRI) and transfemoral intervention (TFI) in women undergoing PCI in China. Methods: The study population consisted of 5,067 women undergoing PCI at Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China between 2006 and 2011 (TRI: n=4,105, TFI: n=962). Incidence rates of clinical outcomes during hospitalization and at 1-year follow-up were compared between TRI and TFI. In order to minimize potential biases, a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. A total of 899 pairs were matched. Results: Baseline and procedural characteristics were well-balanced between TRI and TFI groups after controlling for confounders using PSM. TRI was associated with reduced major post-PCI bleeding (odds ratio [OR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54–0.76; p<0.001) and access site complications (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.61–0.74; p<0.001) after PSM. There was no statistical differences in the incidence rates of major adverse cardiac events (a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization) both during hospitalization and at 1-year follow-up (p>0.05). Conclusions: In this propensity score-based analysis of TRI versus TFI in Chinese women, TRI showed advantages of safety and feasibility over TFI. A wider adoption of TRI in women has the potential to improve outcomes in treatment of coronary artery diseases.

A Routing Metric to Improve Route Stability in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

( Yi-han Xu ),( Yin Wu ),( Jun Song ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.5

The hop count routing metric is widely used in routing protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to its simplicity and effectiveness. With a lower hop count route, fewer transmissions are required to send a packet from the source to the destination. This can improve the throughput of a network because fewer transmissions results in less channel contention and interference. Despite this, the hop count routing metric may not be ideal for mobile scenarios where the topology of a network changes constantly and rapidly. In this paper, we propose to increase route stability in mobile WSNs by discovering paths that are more stable during route discoveries using routing metrics. Two routing metrics were proposed, the true beauty of these routing metrics lies in the fact that they can even be used even without specialized hardware such as GPS and other sensors. We implemented the proposed routing metrics in the AODV routing protocol and found that they are highly effective and outperform other stability-based routing metrics and the hop count routing metric.

A Novel Hyperspectral Microscopic Imaging System for Evaluating Fresh Degree of Pork

Yi Xu,Quansheng Chen,Yan Liu,Xin Sun,Qiping Huang,Qin Ouyang,Jiewen Zhao 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.2

This study proposed a rapid microscopic examination method for pork freshness evaluation by using the self-assembled hyperspectral microscopic imaging (HMI) system with the help of feature extraction algorithm and pattern recognition methods. Pork samples were stored for different days ranging from 0 to 5 days and the freshness of samples was divided into three levels which were determined by total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content. Meanwhile, hyperspectral microscopic images of samples were acquired by HMI system and processed by the following steps for the further analysis. Firstly, characteristic hyperspectral microscopic images were extracted by using principal component analysis (PCA) and then texture features were selected based on the gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). Next, features data were reduced dimensionality by fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) for further building classification model. Finally, compared with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model and support vector machine (SVM) model, good back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model obtained the best freshness classification with a 100 % accuracy rating based on the extracted data. The results confirm that the fabricated HMI system combined with multivariate algorithms has ability to evaluate the fresh degree of pork accurately in the microscopic level, which plays an important role in animal food quality control.

ELK1 inhibition alleviates amyloid pathology and memory decline by promoting the SYVN1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of PS1 in Alzheimer’s disease

Yi Lilin,Li Junjie,He Yan,Wang Jiaojiao,Wang Maoju,Guo Song,Luo Man,Wu Bin,Xu Mingliang,Tian Qiuyun,Fan Yepeng,Chen Mulan,Xu Boqing,Xia Lei,Song Weihong,He Guiqiong,Du Yehong,Dong Zhifang 생화학분자생물학회 2025 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.57 No.-

ELK1 is a member of the E-twenty-six transcription factor family and is usually activated by phosphorylation at Ser383 and Ser389 by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Dysregulation of ERK1/2 is involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related neuropathogenesis and cognitive impairments. However, the role of ELK1 in AD pathogenesis remains unclear. Here we report that the expression of ELK1 was significantly increased in the brain tissues of patients with AD and AD model mice. The genetic knockdown of ELK1 or inhibition of its phosphorylation by an interfering peptide (TAT-DEF-ELK1 (TDE)) reduced amyloidogenic processing of APP by targeting PS1, consequently inhibiting Aβ generation and alleviating synaptic and memory impairments in APP23/PS45 double-transgenic AD model mice. In addition, we further found that ELK1 regulated the expression of PS1 by competitively inhibiting the interaction between PS1 and its E3 ubiquitin ligase synoviolin (SYVN1), thereby inhibiting the SYVN1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of PS1. Our results demonstrate that ELK1 aberrantly increases in AD and genetic or pharmacological inhibition of ELK1 can alleviate AD-related pathology and memory impairments by enhancing the SYVN1-mediated PS1 ubiquitination and degradation, indicating that ELK1 may be a novel target for AD treatment.

The <i>Arabidopsis</i> NAC Transcription Factor ANAC096 Cooperates with bZIP-Type Transcription Factors in Dehydration and Osmotic Stress Responses

Xu, Zheng-Yi,Kim, Soo Youn,Hyeon, Do Young,Kim, Dae Heon,Dong, Ting,Park, Youngmin,Jin, Jing Bo,Joo, Se-Hwan,Kim, Seong-Ki,Hong, Jong Chan,Hwang, Daehee,Hwang, Inhwan American Society of Plant Biologists 2013 The Plant cell Vol.25 No.11

<P>This work examines the role of the NAC transcription factor ANAC096, finding that ANAC096 interacts with specific bZIP transcription factors to globally affect abscisic acid–responsive transcription during osmotic and drought stresses.</P>

Nuclear Power in China: How it Really Works

( Xu Yi Chong ) 현대경제연구원 2012 Reports on Korean Peninsula Vol.92 No.-