Aptamer‑linked immobilized sorbent assay for detecting GMO marker, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT)

Woo‑Ri Shin,Mun‑Jong Lee,SEKHONSIMRANJEET SINGH,Ji Hun Kim,Sun Chang Kim,Byung‑Kwan Cho,Ji‑Young Ahn,Yang‑Hoon Kim 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.3

Background Development of genetically modified crops has rapidly increased in last few years. The most widely grown GM crops express genes that confer herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. Detection system of GM crops is important for safety evaluation before its consumption. Objective The purpose of this research is to detect GM crops, especially PAT, in food-samples. Results The bar gene (PAT protein, herbicide resistant) was cloned in pGEX-4T-1 and expressed by E. coli. The high-affinity PAT-specific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were obtained from a random DNA library. MOE docking study was performed to identify the potential binding region of the selected aptamers on PAT. Aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay (ALISA) method was used to detect PAT. Conclusion We screened aptamer against PAT for developing an efficient detection method. The selected PAT specific aptamers, HRPA-05 and HRPA-07, showed the distinct target binding behaviors, and detected PAT protein by aptamer-linked immobilized sorbent assay method with high efficiency and selectivity.

전남 진도 지역어의 단모음 실현 양상

하영우 ( Ha Young-woo ),신우봉 ( Shin Woo-bong ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2018 民族文化硏究 Vol.79 No.-

이 연구는 전남 진도 지역어의 단모음 실현 양상과 특징을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 20명의 진도 토박이 화자를 대상으로 단모음 음성 자료를 구축하여 성별, 세대에 따른 단모음의 음성적 특징을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 전남 서남부에 위치한 진도 지역어의 단모음 체계는 /ㅣ, E, ㅡ, ㅓ, ㅏ, ㅜ, ㅗ/의 7모음 체계임을 확인하였다. 전남 방언은 대개 /ㅚ/, /ㅟ/를 단모음으로 보았으나, 진도 지역 장년층은 두 모음을 대부분 이중모음으로 조음하였다. 또한, 청년층은 모두 두 모음을 완벽하게 이중모음으로 실현하였다. 한편, 진도 지역어의 단모음 조음 위치를 분석한 결과 세대간 차이가 관찰되었다. 진도 지역 장년층 화자와 달리 청년층 화자는 /ㅡ/의 전방화, /ㅜ/의 전방화, /ㅗ/의 고모음화, /ㅓ/의 후설 저모음화로 이어지는 후설 고·중모음의 연쇄적인 조음 위치 변화가 나타났다. 청년층의 단모음 음가 변화는 진도 지역은 물론 여타의 방언권에서도 나타나는 표준어 수렴 현상의 하나이다. 이상의 실험 결과를 종합해 보면, 진도 지역 화자는 세대에 따른 단모음 체계에 차이는 없지만 개별 단모음의 음성 실현 양상에는 차이가 있다. 본고는 기존 연구와 달리 음성 자료의 직접적 분석을 바탕으로 진도 지역어의 단모음 체계를 구명한 점과 세대에 따른 조음 위치적 변화를 포착하였다는 데 의의가 있다. The aim of this study was to examine the acoustic characteristics of the monophthongs in the Jeonnam-Jindo dialect. For this purpose, the experiment was conducted and data was gathered from Jindo dialect speakers in their 10s and 5,60s. The data were analyzed on the basis of the subjects’ generation, gender. The result of production experiment was that Jindo dialect speakers have same vowel system between generations: 7 vowel system (/i, E, a, □, i, u, o/). The older generation of Jindo speakers mostly pronounce /ㅚ/ and /ㅟ/ as monophthong irrespective of sex and the young generation of Jindo speakers entirely pronounce /ㅚ/ and /ㅟ/ as monophthong. Also, we found that /Щ/, /u/ moved toward front and /o/ moved toward high in the vowel space from the Jindo speakers in their older to those in their young. And /Λ/ showed a shift in the vowel space from the back to the open vowel. The results revealed a chain-like shift in the high and mid back vowels. It is assumable that the degree of standardization appearing in the place of articulation on vowel is quite high in the Jindo dialect. Previous studies discussed the Jindo vowel system on the basis of the observations made by the researchers. The current study, on the other hand, is significant in that it investigated sound changes in vowel production throughout the vowel system and confirmed the articulation place of vowel using phonetic methods.

야뇨증 환아들의 심리사회적 특성에 대한 다기관 연구 : 행동 및 정서 문제를 중심으로

조수철,김재원,신민섭,황준원,한상원,박관현,이상돈,김경도,김건석,서홍진,이유식,정재용,김영균,문두건,남궁미경,한창희,조원열,김영식,배기수,이종국,정우영,신의진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.6

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral and emotional problems associated with nocturnal enuresis in Korean children. Methods : Three hundred eighteen children with nocturnal enuresis, together with their parents, completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Disruptive Behavior Disorder Scale according to DSM-IV (DBDS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (PHCSC). Ninety-three normal students were selected as the control group. Results : Compared to the normal control group, the mean scores with regard to the withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problems and total problems profiles were significantly higher in the nocturnal enuresis group according to the CBCL results. The nocturnal enuresis group also scored significantly higher in the ADHD and ODD profiles of the DBDS. The nocturnal enuresis group was more depressed and anxious than the control group according to the results of the CDI and STAI. The mean score of the PHCSC was significantly lower in the nocturnal enuresis group when compared to the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that children with nocturnal enuresis in Korea have clinically relevant behavioral and emotional problems. The findings support the link between nocturnal enuresis and psychopathology in Korean children.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

타목시펜이 간세포암 세포주의 성장과 Transforming Growth Factor-β 1의 발현에 미치는 영향

신정우,정영화,박무인,김정아,최민희,이윤정,류수형,박능화,이한주,이영상,서동진,유은실 대한간학회 2003 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.9 No.1

목적: 타목시펜을 진행성 간세포암 환자에게 투여한 결과 일부에서 효과가 있었다는 보고가 있으나 타목시펜이 간세포암의 성장을 억제하는 기전은 밝혀져 있지 않다. TGF-β1은 간세포암의 성장과 분화에 관여하는 중요한 성장인자로 알려져 있으며 최근 타목시펜이 TGF-β1의 분비조절에도 관여한다는 보고들이 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 타목시펜이 간세포암의 성장과 TGF-β1의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 궁극적으로 타목시펜이 간세포암 환자에게 항암제로 사용될 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 인간 간세포암 세포주인 Hep 3B세포를 에스트로겐이 없는 RPMI 1640과 dextran coated charcoal로 처리한 5% fetal bovine serum을 혼합한 배지에서 3일 배양 후 2×10^4 세포/well로 분주하여 2일간 배양한 후 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM 농도의 타목시펜으로 처치하고 6일간 배양하였다. 매일 세포를 수집하여 trypan blue로 염색한 후 생존 세포수를 산출하였으며 상층액내 TGF-β1 농도는 ELISA법으로 측정하였다. 결과: 비교적 저 농도인 0.1 μM 타목시펜 처치군은 배양 6일째 생존 세포수가 대조군에 비해 의미 있게 증가하였다(2.59×10^6 vs 1.97×10^6, p<0.05). 생존 세포수는 타목시펜농도가 증가할수록 감소하여 10 μM 처치군은 대조군에 비해 의미있는 감소를 보였다(1.4×10^6 vs 1.97×10^6., p<0.05). 상층액내의 TGF-β1dml 분비량은 타목시펜 처치 농도와 상관없이 전 군에서 대조군에 비해 의미있게 감소하였으며 타목시펜 농도에 따른 각 군간에 차이는 없었다. 결론: 타목시펜은 실험실내에서 처치 농도에 따라 간세포암 세포주의 성장에 미치는 영향이 다양했으나, 처치 농도와 관계없이 일정한 정도로 TGF-β1의 발현을 억제하였다. 타목시펜의 이러한 효과는 생체에서 TGF-β1이 과발현된 간세포암의 성장과 진행을 억제할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 타목시펜은 TGF-β1의 발현을 조절하는 기전 이외의 다른 기전을 통해서는 간세포암의 성장을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다. Background/Aims: Tamoxifen has been tried in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, its inhibitory mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effects of tamoxifen on HCC cell growth and the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) which had been known as an important cytokine in growth of HCC. Methods: Hep 3B cells were cultivated in estrogen free media with 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM, and 10μM of tamoxifen for 6 days. Viable cells were counted daily and the TGF-β1 concentrations in supernatant were measured by ELISA method. Results: The number of viable HCC cells increased rather significantly after the treatment of tamoxifen of lower concentration (0.1 μM) compared with that of the control (2.57×10^7 us. 1.97×10^7; p<0.05). As the concentration of treated tamoxifen was higher, the number of viable HCC cells became gradually less, resulting in the significant decrease of it at the highest concentration (10 μM) compared with that of the control (1.40×10^7 us. 1.97×10^7; p<0.05). TGF-β1 concentration in supernatant of tamoxifen-treated samples was significantly decreased compared with those of controls, regardless of the amount of treated tamoxifen. Conclusions: These results suggest that tamoxifen may suppress TGF-β1 expression to an extent, although it has different effects on the proliferation of HCC cells, at the various concentrations of this agent in vitro. Such effects of tamoxifen on TGF-β expression may inhibit the growth and progression of HCCs over-expressing TGF-β1 in vivo.

DSP 인버터에 의한 편측식 선형 유도전동기의 비간섭제어

우정인,신동률,조용길,노인배,정영일 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1998 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.1

We proposed the speed control of the inverter-fed SLIM(Single-sided Linear Induction Motor) for conveyance system by the decoupled thrust control with DSP board. The voltage equations of SLIM are expressed on the suitable α-β axis by the proposed equivalent circuits, which can analyze the characteristics of the thrust and the normal force and so on. These control methods, which are the slip angular frequency control and the decoupling control for the thrust and normal force by analyzing these parameters can be successfully driven without interfering of each axis. These results exemplified the linear drive of SLIM with the reference value.

입원환자의 편집성증상에 관한 임상적 고찰

신영우 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.1

The author studied 133 neuropsychiatric inpatients with paranoid symptoms and 144 neuropsychiatric inpatients without paranoid symptoms, who had been managed at the neuropsychiatric unit of Kyung-Hee University Hospital during a 18 month period. Data were analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1. Of the 277 patients admitted to the unit, 133 (48.0%) were classified as paranoid on the basis of the criteria using derived from Paranoid Symptoms of Hamilton's Depression Scale and Present State Examination. 2. Among the 133 paranoid patients, 52 patients (39%) were diagnosed as schizophrenia, 25(19%) affective disorder, 11(8%) organic brain syndrome and 11(8%) neurosis. 3. Paranoid symptoms were noticed in all of paranoia and acute paranoid reaction,85% of schizophrenia,76% of affective disorders,36%of organic brain syndrome and 14%of neurosis. 4. The modes of treatment in paranoid patients were antipsychotics(68%), electro-convulsive therapy(22%)and antidepressants(12%),while those in non-paranoid patients were anxiolytics(48%), psychotherapy(25%), antipsychotics(16%) and antidepressants(12%). 5. Basic variables,such as age, sex, education, occupation and religion were not significantly correlated with either paranoid or non-paranoid symptoms.

특수학급의 이러닝 활용 실태와 요구 조사

우정한,김영걸,신재훈 국립특수교육원 2006 특수교육연구 Vol.13 No.2

특수교육 분야에서는 이러닝을 통하여 장애학생 교육 서비스의 양적·질적 발전을 위한 다각적인 노력을 모색하고 있다. 그러나 특수교육 현장의 실제 활용 실태와 이와 관련된 구체적인 요구에 대한 기초연구가 부족하여 효과적인 이러닝 실행을 위한 지원 방향을 수립하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 특수학급 교사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 특수학급의 이러닝 관련 환경과 활용 실태를 탐색하였고, 특수학급구성원들이 가지고 있는 이러닝 실행과 관련된 요구를 밝혔으며, 이를 바탕으로 특수학급에서 이러닝을 효과적으로 운영하고 실행하기 위한 시사점을 제시하였다. E-learning is learning that utilizes contents crafted based on multimedia and hyper media via diverse information technologies. It enables teaching and learning to allow disabled students to utilize contents crafted with diverse latest techniques, thereby expanding the forum of learning. Thus, the special education area is making diverse efforts to achieve quantitative and qualitative development of educational services for disabled students through e-learning. However, since basic research is lacking with regard to the actual utilization status of e-learning and corresponding needs in special education, an appropriate support direction for performing e-learning cannot be determined. Against such a backdrop, this research surveyed the e-learning status and needs in special classes. Likewise, it surveyed the environment and utilization status of computers, software, and assistive technology that special classes in 'B' and 'D' city owned for e-learning. It also surveyed hardware and software requirements for effectively performing e-learning in special classes.

바이러스 감염 후 발생한 소아에서의 시선경염 1례

신지원,김영대,김우경,박용원,오인경 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Optic neuritis presents differently in children than in adults. Children typically have bilateral involvement with papillitis following an antecedent viral illness. The development of multiple sclerosis is less common in children. The diagnosis of optic neuritis is usually made on a clinical manifestations. The major symptoms of optic neuritis include one or more of the following: 1) sudden blurred, "foggy" vision and sudden loss of vision, 2) pain with eye movement in the affected eye, 3) sudden color blindness, and etc. This condition progresses over a few days to two weeks. A 12-year-old girl presented with a history of sudden visual loss and color blindness. Treatment with high doses of steroid resulted in visual function returning to normal.

卓球選手의 競技內容에 關한 分析硏究

申甲浩,洪榮佑 明知大學校 自然科學硏究所 1984 자연과학논문집 Vol.2 No.-

In this study I could get a few results as follows from making out the couses of gains and loses of games acconding to batting tachnique selected from several semifinal games of players porticipotel in the Second Seoul International table tennis game, and from comporing and analyzing also the ralation to gaining and losing -points depending in the effctiv e methods and any other technique in controlling the game management. 1. We can easily find and so I could attain the average contents, s follows, of each player's game of gaining and losing points and ball dropping paints according to the technique of batting balls. A)Mr. Park's stroks number amaunted to 34.91 in all of his games, the forehand's 23.95 strokes were more often than backhand by 13 strokes, and forehand strokes gained 12.98, lose 10.97 and backhand strokes gained 4.32, and losed 6.04 The most major couse of gaining points was "cutting" balls(6.66)and that of losing points was "Smashing'(4.16). B)Eric Boggan stroked the balls 41.5 times in tatal which contain 16.5 strokes of backhand and 25 strokes forehand, and he losed 16.50 points in back strokes and gained 15 points, and his forehand smashing strokes made him enable to gain most of points of them by 4 times,.on the other hand, losed by short of back strokes of 4 times. C)Mr. Waldner stroke balls 41.5 time in all forehand strokes 28.5 time was more than backhand strokes and his main coerse of gaining points was 15.5 time of forestrok and was more than 6.5 times of backstrokes and alsed points by forestrokes in 13 times, while backstrokes make him lose points in 6.5 times and he could have same points gained and losed in using the backhand strokes, while forehand strokes gained more points 15.5 to 13 points We could find him get more points by the same forhand Driving. D)The total stroke number of Maehara Amounted to 34.58 times. Forehandstrokes were 29.28 times . and backhandstrokes only 5.3 time And he losed more points in forehandstrokes (gained 13.97 points losed 15.31 points)And the fact, that he mainly gained by using the backhandstrokes by gaing 3.31 points to 1.99 losing points, may be colled peticular phenomenon. His 'Forehand spin euabled him get more points by getting 7.66 times and he losed points 8.66 times by using Forehand spin method. E)Miss Shin strokes balls 41 times in all and she mostly used Forehandstroke 33 times and there were no deffernces in gaining and losing points in 16.5 time whether she used Fore or Backhandstrokes, But she mainly get points by Forehadn Smashing of 7 times and losed points by Forehand spining. F)Mis Lee's stroke number were Cmporably loss than other players and amounted to 32.28 time in all her Forehandstroke came up to 28.63 times, but losed more points by it than gainded by 11.32 to 17.3 points and also in Backgandstroke gained 0.99 time and losed 3.66 time, Her main skill was Forehand spin dn it mde her more points in 8 times, and lose times by skill. G) Wada's tatal strokes amounted to 36.2 time and Backhand strokes number were of 22.6 time which shows more strokes than 13.6 time of Forehandstrokes, and it can be side the only phenomenon of Miss Wada, she could get paints more often by Backhandstroke than by Forehandstroke(Forehand 9 to Backhand 12)she also losed more points by Backhand( fore 4.60 to Back 10.6). Her favorite skills, back long-cut (5times)and Both -cut (5 times) enabled him equally gain most o points and mostly she losed points by Bachand long-cut,(5.8).