Preference Analysis for Flower Jewelry Using Conjoint Analysis

김연희(Yeon Hee Kim),김미진(Mi Jin Kim),윤숙영(Suk Young Yun),장태원(Taeg Won Chang),최병진(Byung Jin Choi) 인간식물환경학회 2022 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Background and objective: This study was conducted to determine the preferences in flower jewelry by conducting a surveyusing conjoint analysis on the perception of flower jewelry and provide basic data for development of flower jewelryproducts. Methods: For the conjoint analysis, four attributes of flower jewelry were selected. Attribute 1 was related to the mainmaterial of flower jewelry, presented in three levels: cut flowers, potted flowers, and processed flowers. Attribute 2 wasrelated to wearing area presented in five levels of wearing area: hair, neck, ear, arm (wrist) and chest (shoulder). Attribute3 was related to price provided for selling products in flower shops, presented in three levels: less than 30,000 won,50,000-70,000 won, and more than 100,000 won. Attribute 4 was related to flower jewelry wearing time, presented inthree levels: less than 6 hours, 12-24 hours, and more than 24 hours. After extracting 25 profiles through orthogonaldesign, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 402 general participants, from which the responses of 343 participantswere analyzed. Results: By attribute of flower jewelry, the respondents attached most importance to price (34.14%), followed by wearingarea (29.18%), wearing time (18.51%), and material (18.17%), proving that the general public attached most importanceto price (Pearson's R = .987, p = .000). The preference in levels by attribute was highest for processed flowers in material,less than 30,000 won in price, hair in wearing area, and 12-24 hours in wearing time. Conclusion: By making flower jewelry based on the results of the analysis, it would be possible to help increase items soldin flower shops as well as their income.

한방 이화주의 미백 및 피부 주름 개선 효과

이상진(Sang-Jin Lee),권이영(Yi-Young Kwon),조성원(Sung-Won Cho),권희숙(Hee-Suk Kwon),신우창(Woo-Chang Shin) 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.42 No.4

본 연구에서는 한방이화주의 피부 생리기능 활성을 알아보기 위해 70% EtOH 추출물의 피부 미백, 주름 개선 및 항염증 효과를 조사하였다. HEE은 tyrosinase 활성 억제 및 tyrosine을 기질로 melanin이 형성되는 pathway에 관여하는 주요한 인자인 TRP-1과 TRP-2를 저해하는 작용 기전을 통해 피부 색소침착의 주요 원인 물질인 melanin 생합성을 농도 의존적으로 저해하는 것을 확인하였다. HEE은 피부진피 내 피부 탄력을 유지하는 elastin을 분해하는 효소인 elastase의 활성을 저해하였고, 피부의 keratinocyte가 생성분비하는 MMP-2와 MMP-9의 단백질 발현과 proteolytic 활성을 억제하여 노화에 따른 피부 주름 생성 억제할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 또한 세포 독성 없이 LPS에 의해 유도된 염증 반응을 50% 저해하는 HEE의 농도(IC50)는 24.9 μg/mL이며, 50 μg/mL 농도로 처리하였을 때 염증 반응 저해 효과가 70%로 높은 효과를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 HEE의 피부 미백, 주름 개선 및 항염증에 우수한 효과를 나타내고 있으므로 기능성 화장품의 주요한 소재로 이용 가치가 높을 것으로 사료된다. Extrinsic skin aging is characterized by the loss of skin tone and resilience, irregular pigmentation, and deep wrinkles. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ehwa Makgeolli containing oriental herbs (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Lycium chinense MILL., Morus alba L., and Saururus chinensis Baill) on skin whitening and wrinkling in human skin cells. We prepared Makgeolli extracts (HEE) with 70% ethanol. HEE significantly inhibited in vitro mushroom tyrosinase activity and reduced the cellular and secreted melanin content of mouse melanoma melanocytes (B16F1 cells). HEE down-regulated the protein expression of tyrosinase related protein (TRP)-1/-2, a key player in melanogenesis. Treatment with HEE in human keratinoctyes (HaCaT cells) inhibited the proteolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9 in a dose-dependent manner and dramatically reduced the expression of MMP-2/-9. In addition, HEE attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells). These results indicate that HEE may be a great cosmeceutical ingredient for its whitening, anti-wrinkle, and anti-inflammatory effects.

흰쥐 뇌줄기에 분포하는 Nitric Oxide Synthase 신경세포에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

나준희,허영범,박찬,김정혜,유진화,안희경,이원규 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.2

北韓山 森林群落의 植物社會學的 硏究

진희성,김광래,안봉원 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1982 硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The vertical distribution of the canopy trees in Mt. Bukhan was studied by quadrat method. In this mountain, there were distributed about 126 species of main trees and forest communities consist of Quercus mongolica, Pinus densiflora, Alnus hirsuta var. sibirica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum, Sorbus alnifolia, Quercus acutissima and so on. The change of forest communities according to the elevation of this mountain was not conspicious. As the elevation heightened of this mountain, the importance value and summed dominance ratio of Fraxinus rhynchophlla and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum var. koreanum increased, while those of Quercus variabilis lowered. Through all the area of this mountain, mean importance value of Quercus mongolica was high. There appeared difference type of vegetation between valley and ridge area but no directional recognize in the kind of plant species though very few species were limited in a limitted part, such as Celtis aurantica of the ridge area, and Quercus acutissima × variabilis of Jeongnung valley. In each study area, Pinus densiflora on the floor was abundant and the summed dominance ratio of Sorbus alnifolia, Quercus serrata and Quercus aliena were high to the elevation range for 250-350m. As the elevation hghtened, the mean of total base value of soil samples in study area was high but the mean of O,M. and available phosphate value of those did not show a fixed tendency. The relationship of the importance value of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and the mean of total base value of soil in study area showed a significant and positive correlation. The index of similarity of the forest communities to the valley and ridge area, and to the southeast and northwest side of Mt. Bukhan were 63.7, 67.7% respectively.

경식도 심초음파도의 Direct Planimetry를 이용하여 측정한 대동맥판 면적의 심박출량 및 좌심실 구출율의 변화에 따른 정확도

진승원,김종진,김희열,박지원,전두수,윤호중,박준철,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

갑상선 결절의 임상양상과 미세침흡인검사의 의의

원진호,한희정,채수홍,김현진,송민호,김영건 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.1

We evaluated clinical manifestation of nodular thyroid disease and fine-needle aspiration cytology results to establish an appropriate diagnostic approach to thyroid nodule. We examined 594 patients who visited Chungnam National University Hospital with one or more thyroid nodules between Jan. 1996 and Dec. 1998. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was carried out after clinical evaluation including medical history, physical examination(hardness,size, multinodularity,fixation) and laboratory test(scan, thyroid function test). Among the 594 cases, 53 cases(8.9%) were diagnosed as cancer and 457 cases(77%) were diagnosed as benign nodule. None of these factors - age, sex. soft and firm nodule, multinodularity, thyroid scan, thyroid sonography, and thyroid function test - were significant to predict cancer in our study. The prevalence of cancer was significantly higher in hard nodule(28. 5%,39/137) than firm(3.8%,12/316) or soft nodule(0%,0/72). There was size difference between malignant(24.2±62.8ml) and benign nodules(12.6±26.1ml),but the size difference wasn't shown to an indicator to say whether malignant or benign. The prevalence of cancer in relation to fixation was significantly higher in fixation(50%,19/38) and partial fixation nodule(33%,4/12) than movable nodules(5.8%,28/476). Rapid growing, vocal cord palsy,and lymphadenopathy among the medical history had higher relative risk to cancer (relative risk= 14, 4.8, 10.2. respectively). We also examined 67 cases which were diagnosed by histology after operation and, through comparison between the results of histology and cytology., evaluated the effectiveness of fine-needle aspiration cytology. Sensitivity, specificity, false negative rate, and false positive rate of fine-needle aspiration cytology were 92-100%, 47-63%, 0-20%, 0-50%,respectively. Our data suggests that thyroid nodules of the patients which are characterized firm, fixed, rapid growing, lymphadenopathy, and vocal cord palsy require more careful evaluation for thyroid cancer. We also recommand thyroid aspiration cytology in first step evaluation to rule out thyroid cancer.

알바알토와 루이스바라간의 지역주의 건축에 관한 연구

정진원,김은희 京機大學校 2006 論文集 Vol.50 No.-

Modernism means not just only the unifomity, It has also avant- garde idea which showis a new social vision by various art movement and technologgies against conservative stagnation and irrationality of tradition. But all through tile history, most turbulent era , Industrialization, standardization had made architecture more regular with admiration on machine of modernist who never tried to accept the other's sides. It might be the self intoxication in some extent. Becoming globalization on political, economical, cultural interchange, and consciousness of human dignity after two wars, awakening about the ecological problems drew the cultural puluralism in the world which from in every particular region. That's nerer the international style of modernism. It asks us that what is most valuable universality of this various, complex age. The concept of universality is certainly changed compare to past modernist's one. This study is the regionalism on architecture in this point particuraly, this study adopted the Alvar Aalto and Luis Barragan's works, which are regarded one of most regional architecture. 근대 건축이 반드시 모더니즘의 획일성만을 지칭하는 것은 아니다. 전통 건축의 침체와 불합리에 대한 반발로 다양한 예술운동과 산업, 과학기술의 발전이 결합하여 새로운 시대상을 제시하는 아방가르드적 사고의 결과이기도 하다. 그러나 산업화 표준화라는 시대적 격동속에 기계미학의 지나친 강조와 기능 중심의 극단적 지지는 획일적 건축 경향을 양산하게 되었으며, 이는 자칫 이성에 치우친 감성의 경시로 다양한 사고를 수용하지 못하는 편협한 우월주의에 빠진 이상론자들의 자기도취의 위험성을 내재한다. 세계의 정치 변혁, 경제적 수준 향상, 공업, 산업에 대한 재고, 전쟁이후 인간의 존엄성에 대한 경각심, 그리고 다양한 세계 문화교류는 소위 국제주의 양식의 획일성이 아닌 각 지역이 가진 문화의 다원성에 대한 수용과 자각을 불러일으켰다. 이는 곧 자신이 위치한 장소의 특성 즉, 자연환경, 역사, 문화 등에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 그러한 지역성이 가장 잘 표현될 수 있는 건축이야말로 보다 상위의 보편적 동의를 얻어낼 수 있다는 것과, 현재 뿐 아니라 미래 삶의 의미를 건축으로 제시할 수 있는 가능성을 획득하는 것이다. 본 연구는 세계의 중심이라 여기는 서구유럽으로부터 파생된 모더니티의 보편성이 아닌, 각각의 건물이 위치한 장소와 시간의 누적속에 형성된 지역 특색과 거주민들의 삶이 융화되어 나타나는 민족적, 향토적 건축의 현대적 해석과 적용에 대해 지역주의 건축의 대표적 인물인 알바 알토, 루이스 바라간의 작품을 통해 살펴보았다. 이는 아직까지 소위 선진국이라 자칭하는 서구 유럽중심의 주변국이라 일컬어지는 우리의 건축현실에서도 재고의 의의가 있으며, 그것이 단지 국수적 민족주의나 전통을 내세우려는 것이 아닌 지역 특수성을 객관적이고 보편적 건축개념으로 발전시키기 위한 기초 작업으로 받아들여져야 할 것이다.

콜레라독소의 피하투여에 의한 생쥐의 림프절 및 비장내 B 및 T 림프구의 분포변화

이원규,박낙진,김종원,허영범,김정혜,안희경 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.2

사다리꼴 보강재를 활용한 패널의 최적설계

원종진,이종선,윤희중 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

In this study, using linear and nonlinear deformation theories and by closed-form analysis and finite difference energy methods, respectively, various buckling load factors are obatined for stiffened laminated composite panel with trapezoidal type stiffeners and various longitudinal length to radius ratios, which are made from Carbon/Epoxy USN 125 prepreg and are simply-supported on four edges under uniaxial compression, and then for them, optimal design analyses are carried out by the nonlinear search optimizer, ADS.

擧元煎이 마우스 및 랫트의 免疫反應에 미치는 影響

元泰喜,李鍾德 한국전통의학연구소 1997 한국전통의학지 Vol.7 No.2

擧元煎의 면역반응에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 Sprague-Dewley랫트에서 T-세포 의존성인 IgG항체 생성,지연성 과민반응,자연살해 세포의 독성반응,마크로파지에서 유래된 인터루킨 1과 프로스타글란딘 E₂,림파구에서 유래된 인터루킨 2의 세가지 면역조절 관련물질들,복상내 미크로차지에 관한 실힘을 실시하였다. 擧元煎을 14일 동안 랫트에게 경구투여한 후 관찰한 결과 keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH)에 대한 혈청 IgG항체 생산과 지연성 과민반응,복강 마크로파지,자연살해 세포의 독성반응,인터루킨 1,2와 프로스타글란딘 E₂가 모두 증가되는 반응을 보였다. 擧元煎을 마우스에게 경구투여 후 관찰한 결과 SRBC(면앙적혈구)에 대한 T-의존성 항체반응이 증강되었고, lipopolysacchedirai (LPS)대한 Polyydonal 항체반응과 DNP-Ficoll에 대한 T-의존성 항체반응이 증가되었다. 또한 擧元煎 O.5㎖를 투여한 후 관찰한 결과 B-세포 유사분열 유도물질인 LPS와 T-세포 유사분열 유도물질인 CON A에 대한 비장세포의 증식반응도 증강되었다. 면역억제작용이 있는 cyclophosphamide로 처리하면 T-임 파구 의존 항체반응이 현저히 감소하는데 擧元煎의 투여로 어느정도의 회복을 보여주었다. Streptococouo pyogeues,Listeria monocytogenes 및 전이성 폐암세포 B16F10세포의 감염에 대한 저항능력을 B_(3)C₃F₁,마우스에 실험한 결과 擧元煎의 투여가 숙주저항능력을 증강시켰다. 마우스의 B-세포,T-세포를 각각 분리하여 인위적으로 재조합시켜 polyclonal 항체반응의 실험결과 擧元煎은 B-세포와 T-세포의 기능을 함께 증진시키는 것으로 입증되었다. 랫트의 비장세포에서 추출한 RNA를 항체의 k-chain과 u-chain의 c-DNA probe로 Nothern bloting을 시킨 결과 擧元煎이 투여된 군은 kRNA와 uRNA 가 모두 증가되었다. 이상의 실험결과로 擧元煎은 마우스와 랫트의 세포성 면역 및 체액성 면역반응을 증가시키는 효능이 있는 것으로 입증되었으며,면역유전자의 전사단계에 작용하는 것이 입증되었다. Effects of Gauwonchun on the immune responses were studied in Sprague-Dewley rat. The multiple parameters of immunity assessed in each rat induded T-cell dependent IgG antibody production, delayed hypersensitivity, natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and production of three potent immune regulating immunocytokines, macrophage-derived interleukin 1 and prostaglandin E₂, and lymphocyte-derived interleukin 2. Resident peridoneal macrophage numbers were also quantitated. Treatment of Gauwonchun to rat, 1 ml/day, po for 14 days significantly enhanced serum IgG antibody production to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and delayed hypersensitivity response. Resident peritoneal macrophage number was also increased. Natural killer cell cytotoxicity, and production of interleukin 1 and 2 and protaglandin E₂ were also significantly elevated in Gauwonchun treated group. Treatment of Gauwonchun, po to BALB/C mouse significantly enhanced T-dependent antibody response to SRBC. T-independent antibody response to DNP-Ficoll and polydonal antibody response to lipopolysaccharide were also increased when mouse were fed Gauwonchun, 0.5 mVday for 7 days. Treatment of Gauwonchun to mouse, 0.5 ml/day, po also increased Iymphoproliferative response to B-cell mitogen LPS and T-cell mitogen, concanavalian A. Treatment of Gauwonchun effectively protected cydophosphamide-induced suppression of T-dependent antibody response to SRBC and Iympoproliferative response to LPS and Con A in mouse. Treatment of Gauwonchun increase the survival rate of BsC3F1 mice against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Usteria rnonocytoqenes infection and effectively decreased the tumor burden from B16F10 melanoma cell challenge. To identify the cellular targets of Gauwonchun, B-cell and T-cells were isolated seperately from the control and treated mouse and reconstructed. When the polyclonal antibody response were examined with the reconstructed cells, both Band T cell from treated mouse showed increased response if reconstructed with control T and B cells, respectively. Northern hybridization analysis of rat spleen cell RNA with human k and u c-DNA probe indicated that both u RNA and k RNA were increase in Gauwonchun treated animals. These results tentatively suggested that treatment of Gauwonchun to mouse and rat enhanced both humoral and cell mediated immune response by increasing the functional activity of both B- and T-cells. The molecular level of action site appeared to be the transcription increase for mRNA.