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Plant Regeneration and Bulblet Formation of Allium wakegi Araki
Song,Won-seob,Yang,Deok-Chun,Yoon,Jae-Ho,Ryu,Sang-Hyun 한국자원식물학회 2004 Plant Resources Vol.7 No.1
Allium wakegi was cultured shoot tip in the condition of light culture. The Allium wakegi added plant growth regulator was observed of plant regeneration and bulblet formation. Callus Induction and growing rate was the best of 78% when added alone 2,4-D 0.5mg/L. In the formation of shoot, its regeneration rate was 96% when added BA 0.5mg/L in the light culture condition. When BA 0.5mg/L and NAA 0.5mg/L mixed and BA 0.5 mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L mixed, the rates were 99% and 97% respectively, and these conditions were suitable for forming shoot. In the formation of roots, when added NAA 2.0mg/L in the light culture condition, the regeneration rate was 90.6 % and the roots were abnormal. When added NAA 1.0mg/L, the rate was 82 % and the highest. In the formation of bulbs, when BA 05mg/L and NAA 1.0mg/L mixed, the root generantion and its size in the bulbs was the best compare to other treatment experiments.
A field study of colloid transport in surface and subsurface flows
Zhang, Wei,Tang, Xiang-Yu,Xian, Qing-Song,Weisbrod, Noam,Yang, Jae E.,Wang, Hong-Lan Elsevier, etc 2016 Journal of hydrology Vol.542 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Colloids have been recognized to enhance the migration of strongly-sorbing contaminants. However, few field investigations have examined combined colloid transport via surface runoff and subsurface flows. In a headwater catchment of the upper Yangtze River, a 6m (L) by 4m (W) sloping (6°) farmland plot was built by cement walls to form no-flow side boundaries. The plot was monitored in the summer of 2014 for the release and transport of natural colloids via surface runoff and subsurface flows (i.e., the interflow from the soil-mudrock interface and fracture flow from the mudrock-sandstone interface) in response to rain events. The water sources of the subsurface flows were apportioned to individual rain events using a two end-member model (i.e., mobile pre-event soil water extracted by a suction-cup sampler <I>vs</I>. rainwater (event water)) based on <I>δ</I> <SUP>18</SUP>O measurements. For rain events with high preceding soil moisture, mobile pre-event soil water was the main contributor (generally >60%) to the fracture flow. The colloid concentration in the surface runoff was 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that in the subsurface flows. The lowest colloid concentration was found in the subsurface interflow, which was probably the result of pore-scale colloid straining mechanisms. The rainfall intensity and its temporal variation govern the dynamics of the colloid concentrations in both surface runoff and subsurface flows. The duration of the antecedent dry period affected not only the relative contributions of the rainwater and the mobile pre-event soil water to the subsurface flows but also the peak colloid concentration, particularly in the fracture flow. The <10μm fine colloid size fraction accounted for more than 80% of the total suspended particles in the surface runoff, while the colloid size distributions of both the interflow and the fracture flow shifted towards larger diameters. These results highlight the need to avoid the application of strongly-sorbing agrochemicals (e.g., pesticides, phosphorus fertilizers) immediately before rainfall following a long no-rain period because their transport in association with colloids may occur rapidly over long distances via both surface runoff and subsurface flows with rainfall.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Subsurface flow was apportioned into rainwater and mobile pre-event soil water. </LI> <LI> The duration of no-rain period affects peak colloid concentration. </LI> <LI> Rainfall intensity and its temporal variation govern colloid discharge dynamics. </LI> </UL> </P>
Design and Implementation of Combined Channel Codec over IEEE 802.15.4a UWB PHY(ITC-CSCC 2009)
Jae-Young Choi,Dong-Sun Kim,Kyu-Yeul Wang,Sang-Seol Lee,Jae-Yeon Song,Duck Jin Jung 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
In this paper, we present our implementation about the UWB PHY of IEEE 802.15.4a standard. It focuses on SECDED En/Decoder module for processing PHR Bits and RS En/Decoder module. They consist of two modules that operate independently of each other. We suggest that they process data bits through only RS En/Decoder module. RS En/Decoder module has PHR bits calculation together with RS operation. It also reduces the size of area because of processing PHR bits and RS data bits by using RS En/Decoder module register.
Song, Hae-Young,Kim, Min-Young,Kim, Kyung-Hye,Lee, Il-Hwan,Shin, Sang-Hun,Lee, Jung-Sub,Kim, Jae-Ho Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2010 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.42 No.8
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints. Transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$) is a secreted protein that promotes differentiation of synovial fibroblasts to ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin (${\alpha}$-SMA)-positive myofibroblasts to repair the damaged joints. Synovial fluid from patients with RA (RA-SF) induced expression of ${\alpha}$-SMA in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). RA-SF-induced ${\alpha}$-SMA expression was abrogated by immunodepletion of TGF-${\beta}1$ from RA-SF with anti- TGF-${\beta}1$ antibody. Furthermore, pretreatment of hASCs with the TGF-${\beta}$ type I receptor inhibitor SB431542 or lentiviral small hairpin RNA-mediated silencing of TGF-${\beta}$ type I receptor expression in hASCs blocked RA-SF-induced ${\alpha}$-SMA expression. Small interfering RNA-mediated silencing of Smad2 or adenoviral overexpression of Smad7 (an inhibitory Smad isoform) completely inhibited RA-SF-stimulated ${\alpha}$-SMA expression. These results suggest that TGF-${\beta}1$ plays a pivotal role in RA-SF-induced differentiation of hASCs to ${\alpha}$-SMA-positive cells.