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신태곤,정승진 釜山 大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 1996 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.15 No.1
이 논문은 경제환경변화에 따라 자신의 행동을 최적화하는 경제주체의 합리적 행위에 의해 가격의 경직성이 달라지게 됨을 실증분석하고 있다. 한국의 경우 평균인플레이션이 높을수록 총수요와 총공급충격의 물가상승 유발효과가 더 커지며, 총수요충격이 가변적일수록 가격조정의 빈도가 증대되고 총공급충격이 더 높은 수준의 물가상승을 유발하였다. 또한 공급충격이 가변적일수록 총공급충격이 인플레이션을 유발하는 효과가 더 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 정부는 직접적인 가격통제를 지양하고 물가안정을 위한 경제환경의 조성에 힘을 기울여야 한다.
우리나라 아파트團地의 問題點 分析 및 造景設計基準에 關한 硏究
金貴坤,任勝彬,曺正松,安建鏞 서울大學校 農科大學 1980 서울대농학연구지 Vol.5 No.2
It has been 22 years since the first apartment was built in Korea. Recently more and more apartments have been being introduced to Korean people and has been changing traditional Korean life style. Residents of apartment complexes in Korea suffer from various problems such as sisregarding of traditional Korean exterior space, pathology, improper community facilities and green spaces, destruction of natural environment, and lack of diversity and chracter in buildings and outdoor spaces. Historically the techniques of residential site design have been developed through three evolutionary steps. The first step was the Garden City idea of Ebenezer Howard in England(1898). In his conceptual plan he located Grand Avenue in the center of residential site. However, the green space was divided by road from residential site. The second step was the Sunnyside Gardens in New York(1924). The city Housing corporation of New York City built apartments with new concept which contained large common green spaces within a block surrounded by apartment buildings. This was possible because the lot subdivision no longer existed. The third step was the Radburn Plan(1929) in New Jersey. This was the second project of the City Housing Corporation. This plan invented two important concepts in residential site design. The one is super block concept which does not permit vehicle road within a large block. The other one is culs-de-sac road of which has a dead end on the one end. These two concepts contribute to making internal common green space without car traffic. With this concept the housing was ideally interwoven with green spaces. The Radburn Plan was the beginning of cluster development in residential site and innovation for moter age. At present, after 50 years from Radburn Plan, the basis concept of it is still valid and useful in residential site design. However, we need to make another evolutionary step for the better quality of living. The situations in Korea are different from those in western countries. Apartment is one of the western-origin housing types. Koreans have to modify western-oriented apartment buildings and site plans for cultural adaptation. Furthermore, we have to create new concepts for the better quality of living. Followings are the propositions for site design of apartment complex in Korea. 1. Cultural Aspect-One of the traditional characters of Korean exterior space os intermediate space between interior and exterior space. In order to provide intermediate space, sequence planning and gradual change of space atmosphere in outdoor space design is needed. 2. Social Aspect-We have to consider life cycle of residents, provide various community activities, increase natural elements, and decrease pathologh in apartment complex. 3. Functional Aspect-Pedestrian was should be separated from vehicle way in any case. Pedestrian way system can be benefited from combining with green space system. Green spaces should have systematic link instead of dispersed disposition without connection. The land use pattern should also have systematic and functional relationship. 4. Ecological Aspect-Dynamic equlibrium in eco-system should be preserved or modified with minimum change during and after development. The elements in inventory should be checked are land slide, erosion, surface and ground water, vegetation, wildlife, micro climate, etc. 5. Perceptional Aspect-Apartment complex should be considered as a group form as well as individual form of buildings. It is recommendable to divide outdoor spaces into human scale and to give diversity to each space and building instead of uniform treatment.
Halimeter ppb Levels as the Predictor of Erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Jung Gon Kim,Yoon Jae Kim,Seung Hee Yoo,So Jung Lee,정준원,Min Ho Kim,박동균,함기백 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2010 Gut and Liver Vol.4 No.3
Background/Aims: In a previous issue published in Gut and Liver, we found that erosive changes in the esophagogastroduodenal mucosa were strongly correlated with increased levels of volatile sulfur-containing compounds (VSC), suggesting that halitosis could be a symptom reflecting the erosive status of the upper gut mucosa. Together with other studies showing a possible association between halitosis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), under the premise that halitosis could be one of extraesophageal manifestations of erosive GERD (ERD), we investigated the significance of Halimeter ppb levels on ERD compared to non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD). Methods: Subjects were assigned to the NERD group if there was no evidence of esophageal erosive changes on endoscopy, despite reflux symptoms,and to the ERD group if they had GERD A, B,C, or D (according to the Los Angeles classification). The VSC levels were measured in all patients with either a Halimeter (before endoscopy) or by gas chromatography of the gastric juices aspirated during endoscopy. Results: The VSC level differed significantly between the NERD and ERD groups (p <0.0001), suggesting that this can be used to discriminate between NERD and ERD. However, the VSC level did not differ significantly with the severity of GERD. Even though hiatal hernia and a body mass index of >24 kg/m2 was significantly associated with ERD, there was no correlation with Halimeter ppb levels. Minimal-change lesions exhibited the highest VSC levels, signifying that minimal change lesions can be classified as ERD based on our finding that halimeter ppb levels were descrimitive of erosive change. Conclusions: Erosive changes in the esophageal mucosa were strongly associated with VSC levels,supporting the hypothesis that halitosis can be a potential biomarker for the discrimination between ERD and NERD, reflecting the presence of erosive change in the lower esophagogastric junction.
가토의 두개골에서 Pore의 유무에 따른 티타늄 반구에서의 골형성능
박정표 ( Jung Pyo Park ),오철중 ( Chul Jung Oh ),정승곤 ( Seung Gon Jung ),박홍주 ( Hong Ju Park ),오희균 ( Hee Kyun Oh ),유선열 ( Sun Youl Ryu ),국민석 ( Min Suk Kook ) 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2013 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.35 No.1
Purpose: This study is performed to determine the effects of titanium cap with various sizes of pores on bone formation during guided bone regeneration (GBR). Methods: Calvaria from 10 adult male rabbits were chosen as the recipient sites. A trephine bur with a diameter of 10 mm was used to form one round groove on each side of sagittal suture of the cranium, and a round bur with a diameter of 1.5 mm was used to form 6 small holes on the inner circles of round grooves to induce bleeding. In the control group, bone graft was not conducted, and closed titanium cap was fixed in the round groove. Bone graft was not performed in groups 1 and 2, but fixed on titanium caps with 0.2 mm, and 0.5 mm sized pores, respectively. For groups 3, 4, and 5, a synthetic bone graft material (β-tricalcium phosphate, Cerasorb, Germany) was transplanted, and titanium caps without pore, with 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm sized pore were fixed, respectively. The animals were sacrificed 4 weeks after, and clinical, radiographical, and histomorphometrical evaluation of bone regeneration was performed. Results: In all groups, there were no clinical signs of infection, inflammation or wound dehiscence. Radiographic evaluation revealed well-defined semi-circular radiopacity inside the titanium cap of groups 3, 4, and 5. Histologically, the inner surface of the hemisphere was evenly lined with newly formed bone tissue, as well as grafted bone material in the group 3. In groups 4 and 5, the insertion of connective tissue was observed along the inner surface. However, the overall surface area between the grafts with different holes yielded no statistical significance in the histomorphometrical evaluation. Conclusion: Although the total area of newly formed bone showed no significant difference, excellent bone formation tendency was observed histologically when closed caps were used with bone graft was accompanied.