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OATM/WDM Optical Access Network Using Header Decoder-Based Router for Next-Generation Communications
Park, Kihwan Optical Society of Korea 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.3
We demonstrate an optical asynchronous transfer mode/wavelength division multiplexing (OATM/WDM) optical access network, using a router based on an optical header decoder to conduct next-generation communications. The router consists of a decoder or hardware analysis processing of the header bit and switches. The router in the OATM/WDM optical access network is a key technology by which to satisfy subscribers’ requests, including reliability, cost efficiency, high speed, large-capacity transmission, and elevated information security. In this study, we carry out experiments in which a header decoder delivers to 16 and 32 subscribers with a single wavelength in the router. These experiments confirm the decoder’s successful operation via hardware using 4 and 5 header bits. We propose that this system may significantly contribute toward the realization of an optical access network that provides high-quality service to subscribers of next-generation communications.
Kim, Kihwan,Park, Sunhong,Park, Ki-Min,Lee, Shim Sung American Chemical Society 2011 Crystal Growth & Design Vol.11 No.9
<P>Employing a solvothermal procedure and use of <I>p-tert-</I>butyl-thiacalix[4]arene tetraacetic acid (H<SUB>4</SUB><B>TCTA</B>) and the nitrate salts of cobalt(II) and cadmium(II) have enabled isolation of four three-dimensional metal–organic frameworks (<B>1</B>–<B>4</B>) in the presence of three different types of neutral bridging coligands. In one case, <B>3</B>, a mixed metal ion system (Co<SUP>2+</SUP>/Na<SUP>+</SUP>) was obtained. First, the reaction of H<SUB>4</SUB><B>TCTA</B> with Co(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·6H<SUB>2</SUB>O together with the linear bridging coligand BPY (4,4′-bipyridine) afforded a mixture of two 3D frameworks of types [Co<SUB>2</SUB>(<B>TCTA</B>)(BPY)]<SUB><I>n</I></SUB> (<B>1</B>) and [Co<SUB>2</SUB>(<B>TCTA</B>)(BPY)<SUB>2</SUB>(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)<SUB>4</SUB>]<SUB><I>n</I></SUB> (<B>2</B>). Compound <B>1</B> features a paddle-wheel unit incorporating Co<SUP>2+</SUP> pairs, Co<SUB>2</SUB>(carboxylate)<SUB>4</SUB>, involving four different <B>TCTA</B> units in two dimensions and BPY pillaring in the third. In <B>2</B>, 2D sheets consisting of BPY–Co repeating chains stacked in an A-B-A-B pattern are pillared by <B>TCTA</B> to yield the 3D motif. In the second reaction system, the use of H<SUB>4</SUB><B>TCTA</B> with Co(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·6H<SUB>2</SUB>O in the presence of the bent bridging coligand BPPA (<I>N</I>,<I>N</I>′-bis(pyridine-4-yl)-isophthalamine) and NaOH afforded {[Co<SUB>3</SUB>Na<SUB>2</SUB>(<B>TCTA</B>)<SUB>2</SUB>(BPPA)<SUB>2</SUB>(H<SUB>2</SUB>O)<SUB>2</SUB>]·4DMF·4H<SUB>2</SUB>O}<SUB><I>n</I></SUB> (<B>3</B>). In <B>3</B>, <B>TCTA</B> yields a honeycomb-shaped 2D sheet via Co–O(carboxylate) bonds; these sheets are linked by Co–O(carboxylate) and Co–(BPPA)–Co bridging bonds to afford the 3D motif. In this case, the Na atom locates inside the calix cavity in a distorted square planar coordination environment and is stabilized by η<SUP>3</SUP>-type cation···π interactions. In the third system, the use of H<SUB>4</SUB><B>TCTA</B> with Cd(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·6H<SUB>2</SUB>O in the presence of the flexible bridging coligand diaminohexane (DAH) gave {[Cd<SUB>2</SUB>(<B>TCTA</B>)(DAH)(DMF)<SUB>2</SUB>]·2DMF·2H<SUB>2</SUB>O}<SUB><I>n</I></SUB> (<B>4</B>), which features an unusual PtS-like 3D structure. The results confirm that the nature of the extended 3D structures is influenced by the bridging coordination behavior of the coligands. In all these structures, the <B>TCTA</B> ligands adopt a 1,3-alternate conformation. Thermal gravimetric analysis performed on the present MOFs revealed that three of these compounds have high thermal stability (∼300 °C).</P><P>Use of <I>p-tert-</I>butyl-thiacalix[4]arene tetraacetic acid (H<SUB>4</SUB><B>TCTA</B>) enabled isolation of four 3D metal−organic frameworks (<B>1</B>−<B>4</B>) with Co(II) and Cd(II) in the presence of different types of bridging coligands.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cgdefu/2011/cgdefu.2011.11.issue-9/cg2006315/production/images/medium/cg-2011-006315_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cg2006315'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
박해룡 ( Haeryong Park ),박윤식 ( Yunsik Park ),서혜정 ( Hyejung Seo ),봉기환 ( Kihwan Bong ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.24 No.1
최근 휴대전화 문자스팸 차단 강화로 인한 풍선효과로 휴대전화 음성스팸이 지속적으로 증가하고 있고, 2015년 3월부터는 음성스팸 건수가 문자스팸 건수를 역전해서 급속도로 증가하고 있어 효율적으로 음성스팸을 차단할 수 있는 시스템 구축의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에, 음성스팸 신고번호와 음성스팸 가상 트랩(실제 존재하지 않는 가상의 휴대전화번호를 적용)을 통해 탐지된 내용을 기반으로 음성스팸 전화번호 차단리스트를 생성하고 이를 이통사에게 제공하여 일정기간 동안 음성호를 차단하는 음성스팸 실시간 차단시스템을 설계하고자 한다.