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Kim, Ki Woong,Yoon, Kap Soo,Koo, Ja Hyun,Do, Young Ho,Kim, Chae Ok,Hong, Jin Pyo IEEE 2006 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.42 No.5
We report the magnetic behaviors of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> thin films grown by zero field growth (ZFG) and field growth (FG) techniques during the sputtering process. In FG conditions, an in situ 300 Oe field during growth is applied to a substrate, inducing an easy axis of magnetization. Structural observations obtained by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements clearly depicted a significant reduction of the grain boundaries and voids in the Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> films grown under FG conditions, thus explaining the saturated magnetization of the Fe<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> films at about 0.01 T. This behavior was expected due to a remarkable reduction of the antiferromagnetic exchange couplings between grains for FG conditions. In addition, the zero-field-cooled magnetization of the ZFG samples showed an abrupt change at about 285 K, confirming the existence of defects or other phases in the ZFG films.
Characterization of Failure Behaviors in Anisotropic Conductive Interconnection
Kim, Jong-Woong,Kim, Dae-Gon,Koo, Ja-Myeong,Yoon, Jeong-Won,Choi, Sunglak,Kim, Kyung-Sik,Nam, Jae-Do,Lee, Hoo-Jeong,Joo, Jinho,Jung, Seung-Boo The Japan Institute of Metals 2007 MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS Vol.48 No.5
<P>The effects of bonding forces and reflow process on the failure behaviors of anisotropic conductive film (ACF) interconnections were analyzed. Conventional reflow process was employed with peak temperatures of 220°C for soldering of Sn-37Pb and 260°C for soldering of Pb-free Sn-Ag or Sn-Ag-Cu. Two kinds of main failure mode were detected after double reflows at 220°C: formation of a conduction gap between conductive particles and Ni/Au-plated Cu pad, and delamination of the adhesive matrix from the plated Cu pad on the flexible substrate. The determination of the failure mode was mainly affected by the variation of the bonding force. The main failure mode of the reflowed ACF joints was conduction gap for the joints with lower bonding forces and adhesive matrix delamination for the joints with higher bonding forces. However, only adhesive matrix delamination was observed after reflows at 260°C. A theoretical calculation was also conducted to predict the connection resistance of the ACF joint before and after reflows. The calculation showed that the optimum bonding forces are between 65 and 70 N.</P>
Kim, Woong Ji,Kim, So Ri,Choe, Yeong Hun,Lee, Ka Young,Park, Seoung Ju,Lee, Heung Bum,Chung, Myoung Ja,Jin, Gong Yong,Lee, Yong Chul The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2008 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.23 No.6
<P>Clear cell tumor of the lung is a rare and very unusual benign pulmonary tumor. As clear cell tumor of the lung contains abundant cytoplasmic glycogen, this tumor is called 'sugar tumor'. We report a case of sugar tumor in a 64-yr-old man presenting as a round pulmonary nodule. On dynamic computed tomography (CT) scans, the solitary pulmonary nodule showed early wash-in enhancement with an early washout pattern like a lung malignancy. The patient underwent wedge resection for the tumor. Pathologic examination, including immunohistochemical studies, revealed that the nodule was a benign clear cell tumor, so-called 'sugar tumor'. Because only a small number of cases have been reported previously, clinical aspects, radiological characteristics on dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, and differential diagnosis of the tumor are not well established. Herein we present a clear cell tumor of the lung and discuss the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of the tumor.</P>
Kim Ye-Seul,Choi Jae-Woong,Song Sang Hoon,Hwang Ho Young,Sohn Suk Ho,Kim Ji Seong,Kang Yoonjin,Gu Ja-Yoon,Kim Kyung-Hwan,Kim Hyun Kyung 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.4
Background: Point-of-care testing (POCT) coagulometers are increasingly used for monitoring warfarin therapy. However, in high international normalized ratio (INR) ranges, significant discrepancy in the INR between POCT and conventional laboratory tests occurs. We compared the INR of POCT (CoaguChek XS Plus; Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) with that of a conventional laboratory test (ACL TOP 750; Instrumentation Laboratory SpA, Milan, Italy) and explored possible reasons for discrepancy. Methods: Paired POCT and conventional laboratory test INRs were analyzed in 400 samples from 126 patients undergoing warfarin therapy after cardiac surgery. Coagulation factor and thrombin generation tests were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Correlations between coagulation factors and INRs were determined using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The mean difference in the INR between the tests increased at high INR ranges. Endogenous thrombin potential levels were decreased at INR <2.0 for CoaguChek XS Plus and 2.0< INR <3.0 for ACL TOP 750 compared with those at INR <2.0 for both tests, indicating a better performance of ACL TOP 750 in assessing thrombin changes. The correlation coefficients of coagulation factors were stronger for ACL TOP 750 INR than for CoaguChek XS Plus INR. Vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors were found to contribute to the INR discrepancy. Conclusions: Decreases in vitamin K-dependent coagulation and anticoagulation factors can explain the significant discrepancy between the two tests in high INR ranges. Since conventional laboratory test INR values are more reliable than POCT INR values, a confirmatory conventional laboratory test is required for high INR ranges.
김종민,박창원,오정자,이보경,서경원,서수경,김규봉,김종원,김광진,김영옥,전범석,박찬웅,이선희 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-
1960년대 이후 파킨슨병의 유발물질 중 한 후보로서 망간이 주목받으면서 많은 역학적, 병러학적 연구가 수행죄브다. 그러나 망간이 파킨슨병을 직접 일으키는지, 혹은 파킨슨병과 관련된 부위의 신경세포를 파괴시쿡 파킨슨증만을 초래하는 것인지가 아직 정립되지 않은 실정이다 본 연구에서는 실험동물모델에서 행등학적 변화 측정 및 병리학적, 샐화학적 연구를 통하여 망간의 과다노출글 따른 파킨슨병 유발 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. Sprague-Datylet· 렛드에 망간을 1, 2, 5, 10 mgAg/day의 응량으로 30일 등안 복강 투여하였을 때 모든 망간투여군에서 운동성 감소가 관찰되었다. 뇌조직의 망간 함량을 ion chromatograph?로 측정한 결과 중뇌 흑질과 기저핵 선조체에서 망간 함량의 뚜렷한 증가 소견이 관찰되었으며, 니슬염색체서 선조체의 신경세포수의 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었다. 그러나, 흑질의 TH효소 면역염색, GFAP 면역염색, 흑질과 선조체의 T릿효소 western blot 결과는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과에서, 망간-파킨슨증 모델에서 파킨슨증어 유발되는 기전은 흑질 도파민성 신경 세포의 신호를 받는 선조체 씬경세포의 사멸에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로, 망간 독성에 의한 파킨스증 모델에서는 파킨슨 병과는 달리 흑질 도파민성 신경세포의 세포사는 관여하지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. Manganese(Mn) intoxication causes a parkinsonian syndrome. It may be difficult to distinguish Mn-induced parkinsonism from idiopathic Parkinson disease(IPD). Neuropathological descriptions on the brains with Mn intoxication showed the perferential damage in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticularis. Pathological reports on the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc), a mafor focus of pathologic changes in IPD, are discordant and controversial. The SNpc involvement is of critical importance for the elucidation of pathogenesis of IPD. Therefore, the neurodegeneration in SNpc was investigated in the experimental model of Mn neurotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with manganese chloride(1, 2, 5, 10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 30 days. Treated animals showed low levels of distance-traveled from locomotor activity tests. Ion chromatography revealed that Mn accumulation was significant in SN and basal ganglia in Mn-treated animals. Nissl staining showed neuronal loss of the striatum in all treated animals. The degree of neurodegeneration in SN was determined by immunohistochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH). The numbers of TH-positive cells on nigral sections were not different from each groups(P>0.05). The densities of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity from SN were similar between groups. TH-westen blotting showed no differences between treated animals and controls. In conclusion, the SNpc remains intact in Mn intoxication, and Mn-induced parkinsonism may be caused by damages of output pathways downstream to the nigrostriatal dopminergic system.
Ja-Kyoung Yoon,Gi Beom Kim,Mi Kyoung Song,Sang Yun Lee,Seong Ho Kim,So Ick Jang,Woong Han Kim,Chang-Ha Lee,Kyung Jin Ahn,Eun Jung Bae 대한심장학회 2022 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.52 No.8
Background and Objectives: Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a devastating complication after the Fontan operation. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment response, and outcomes of Fontan-associated PLE. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 38 patients with Fontan-associated PLE from 1992 to 2018 in 2 institutions in Korea. Results: PLE occurred in 4.6% of the total 832 patients after the Fontan operation. After a mean period of 7.7 years after Fontan operation, PLE was diagnosed at a mean age of 11.6 years. The mean follow-up period was 8.9 years. The survival rates were 81.6% at 5 years and 76.5% at 10 years. In the multivariate analysis, New York Heart Association Functional classification III or IV (p=0.002), low aortic oxygen saturation (<90%) (p=0.003), and ventricular dysfunction (p=0.032) at the time of PLE diagnosis were found as predictors of mortality. PLE was resolved in 10 of the 38 patients after treatment. Among medical managements, an initial heparin response was associated with survival (p=0.043). Heparin treatment resulted in resolution in 4 patients. We found no evidence on pulmonary vasodilator therapy alone. PLE was also resolved after surgical Fontan fenestration (2/6), aortopulmonary collateral ligation (1/1), and transplantation (1/1). Conclusions: The survival rate of patients with Fontan-associated PLE has improved with the advancement of conservative care. Although there is no definitive method, some treatments led to the resolution of PLE in one-fourth of the patients. Further investigations are needed to develop the best prevention and therapeutic strategies for PLE.