한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Artemisinin G 합성에 관한 연구

강호정,박옥순 慶熙大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Artemisinin G is a sesquiterpene isolated from the leaves of Artemisia annua L. which have been used as a traditional antimalarial drug in China for centuries. Our synthetic study toward artemisinin G is based upon the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of furan derivative which was obtained from the starting furfural. The tricyclic Diels-Alder product was successfully transformed into 2-benzyloxy-5-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-11,11- dimethyl-10, 12, 14-trioxatetracyclo[6.5.1.01,6.09,13]tertadecane 12 by the manipulation of double bond and ketone functions in compound 6. Subsequent conversion of acetonide 12 to alcohol 5, however, was not fulfilled due to the unexpected behavior of several synthetic intermediates under various homologation reaction sequences.

소금이 마우스에서 고형암의 성장과 면역활성 및 지질과산화에 미치는 영향

정근옥,이강윤,이성갑,박건영 부산대학교 김치연구소 2002 김치의 과학과 기술 Vol.8 No.-

There are several types of salts, which are classified into raw salt (Chunil salt, CS), purified salt (PS) and processed salts (Gueun salt, Bamboo salt) in Korea. Gueun salt (Gs) is made by baking CS in the ceramic vessel at 800℃. Bamboo salt (BS) is produced by baking CS, bamboo and mud in an oven at 1,300℃. In this study, effects of these salts on tumor formation, NK (natural killer) cell activity and lipid peroxidation in kidney and heart were investigated in the sarcoma-180 cell transplanted mice. Sarcoma-180 cells were transplanted subcutaneously into the left groin of Balb/c mice. Then, various kinds of salt, including 1 time heat treated KCI mixed BS-A (CS : KCI =3:7)and B (CS : KCI = 5:5), supplemented diet at concentrations of 10% were fed for 21 days from 24 hours following transplantation. The body weight decreased when 10% salt added diet was fed to the sarcoma-180 cell treated Balb/c mice. The body weights of CS, PS and treated groups were lower than their initial weights (19 ~ 20 g). Spleen and liver index were lower in the mice administered PS and GS than sarcoma-180 cell treated control group. KCI mixed BS-A and B reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the kidney and heart that increased by the injection of sarcoma-180 cells. The feeding of PS in the diet increased the levels of MDA in the kidney and heart of sarcoma-180 treated mice compared to the control group. These results exhibited that KCI mined BS could suppress.

농업용 S/W의 개발과 이용 활성화 방안

강정옥,이철희,한원식 한국농업정책학회, 한국축산경영학회 2001 농업경영정책연구 Vol.28 No.2

This study aims to the examine the development strategy and usage of software for farmers through demand survey of farmers. This study also analyzes the situations and problems that farmers encounter when using software, demand on software, and kind of software that they want to use in their farm management in the future. The category of satisfaction and dissatisfaction on software for farm management is classified for useful software development and the reason of quitting using software. Results of the survey revealed that to increase software utilization after development and distribution of software, educational opportunity for farmers should be provided; use of various distribution channels and distribution of appropriate software.

Chlamydia trachomatis에서 분리된 Cryptic plasmid DNA의 클로닝

유정한,김덕언,박일규,강정옥,최태열 대한임상병리학회 1996 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.16 No.5

수오공의 Flavonoid 성분

류정희,곽종환,이강노,지옥표 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Four flavonoids were isolated from the whole plant of Kyllinga brevifolia var leiolepsis. Their structures were identified as quercetin, (-)-epiafzelechin, vitexin and orientin on the basis of spectral data. This is the first report of the identification of quercetin, (-)-epiafzelechin and orientin from Kyllinga genus.

저온 냉풍시스템을 이용한 환경친화적 가공시스템의 성능평가

배정철,김경중,황인옥,강명창,김정석 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.13 No.2

In industrially advanced countries, environmentally conscious machining was eagerly studied because of ecological and economical reasons. As the environmental regulations become stricter, the new machining technologies which take environmental aspects into consideration are being developed. Recently the research institutions have established application method for dry, semi-dry, oil-mist and compressed cold air machining. In this paper the performance of new compressed cold air system for environmentally conscious machining is investigated and machinability of dry and new compressed cold air machining is evaluated. A series of tests are carried out by using measuring equipments in condition of dry and compressed cold air machining.

동백종실 및 유박의 식품으로서의 이용성 검토

김영환,정현숙,김용두,최옥자,강성구 順天大學校 師範大學 附屬 科學敎育硏究所 1997 科學과 敎育 Vol.5 No.-

동백종실의 이용성을 검토하기 위해서 NaCl(1.5%), ethanol(99.9%), blanching의 방법으로 쓴맛을 제거하여 관능검사를 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 동백종실의 쓴 맛을 제거하는데는 NaCl용액보다는 알콜이 더 효과적이었으며, blanching, NaCl용액 및 알코올을 병행처리 하였을때 쓴맛이 잘 제거되었다. 그러나 동백종실은 알맹이로 되어 있어 쓴맛의 제거에 많은 시간이 소요되고, 완전하게 쓴맛이 제거되지 않으므로 종실자체를 식품으로 이용하는 것은 문제점이 있다고 생각된다. 2. 동백유박의 쓴맛제거는 증류수와 NaCl용액에서도 쓴맛이 거의 제거되었으며, 알콜의 경우는 30% 농도일 때 가장 효과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 동백유박은 동백종실에 비하여 쓴맛의 제거가 훨씬 더 용이하였으며, 식품재료로서의 이용가능성에 대한 기호도가 높은 것으로 나타나 이를 이용한 식품의 개발은 가능하다고 생각된다. This study was carried out to investigate the utilization of Camellia seed and defatted Camellia seed flour as food. We removed bitter taste of Camellia seed and defatted Camellia seed flour by using NaCl solution, ethanol, and blanching method. The following are the results of a sensory evaluation. 1. It was bitter taste rather than color or flavor which has made a great effect on the possibility of utilization for food materials. Alcohol was more effective than NaCl solution in removing bitter taste of Camellia seed, while bitter taste was easily removed when the processing with blanching, NaCl solution, and alcohol was employed. Since Camellia seed was consisted of grain, however, much time was needed to remove bitter taste. Because bitter taste wasn't perfectly removed, it has a problem in using Camellia seed for food materials. 2. Bitter taste of the defatted Camellia seed flour was almost removed in the distilled water, NaCl solution, and alcohol with a variety of concentrations. When various concentrations of alcohol were used, 30% concentration worked best, Bitter taste of defatted Camellia seed flour was removed more easily than that of Camellia seed. In conclusion, it is thought to be possible to develop into food, because of a high possibility of utilization as food materials

효소형 분석에 의한 국내 등줄쥐(Apodemus agrarius coreae)와 흰넓적다리붉은쥐(Apodemus peninsulae peninsulae)의 특성 조사

김희선,강문일,변정옥,한동운 한국수의공중보건학회 2002 예방수의학회지 Vol.26 No.4

경기, 강원, 충청, 경상 그리고 전라지역 에서 225마리의 들쥐를 포획하였더니 Apodemus agrarius coreae가 200마리로 전국적인 분포를 보였고, Apodemus peninsulae peninsulae는 25마리로 강원, 경상 및 전라지역에서만 포획되었다. 전기영동법을 이용하여 이들 두 종에 대한 간장 조직에서 조사하였던 G6PDH, ADA, PEP-A, PEP-B, AAT, SOD, LDH, MDH, PNP, GAPDH 등 10종 모두가 검출되었다. 등줄쥐에서는 전기영동분석 결과 32종의 표현형이, 흰넓적다리붉은쥐에서 8가지가 검출되었다. 두 종의 locus의 평균 유전학적인 다양성은 0.130으로 나타났고, 유전학적인 차이는 0.100~0.600으로 상대적인 차이를 보였으며, 등줄쥐는 0.150~0.398사이에 네 개의 집단으로 구분되었던 반면 흰넓적다리붉은쥐는 0.100~0.275의 차이로 확인되었다. 경기지역의 안성, 여주 그리고 전라지역의 완주에서 포획된 등줄쥐를 제외하고는 지역에 따라서 6~11개의 조직내 효소 표현형이 중복되어 있었다. 흰넓적다리붉은쥐 역시 한 가지 이상의 표현형이 있었고 이들은 지역적인 차이를 보였으며, 등줄쥐와 조직내 효소형과 중복되어 있었다. Two hundred of Apodemus agarius coreae and twenty five of Apodemus peninsulae peninsulae were caught from Kyonggi, Kangwon, Chungchong, Jeolla and Kyongssang provinces across the country. Isoenzyme patterns were analyzed by gel electrophoresis with liver homogenates of A. a. coreae and A. p. peninsulae. Using 10 enzyme systems, 32 electrophoretic types (ETs) were identified from two species of Apodemus including 8 ETs from A. p. peninsulae with genetic diversity per locus between 0.00 and 0.54 (mean 0.13). Genetic distances among ETs of A. a. coreae and A. p. peninsulae was between 0.100 and 0.600. Thirty two ETs of both species of Apodemus were classified to four major groups with genetic distance from 0.150 to 0.398. Eight ETs of A. p. peninsulae were grouped into four subgroups with genetic distance from 0.100 to 0.275. All ETs of A. p. peninsulae were belong to those of A. a. coreae with enzymatic variation. There was only one ET in A. a. coreae from Ansong an Yoju counties in Kyonggi and Wanju county in Jeolla province. However, all samples collected from the rest were identified to have 6 to 11 ETs on local enzymatic variance. Enzymatic overlap between both species was confirmed with at least one ET depending on the sites of collection.

패류중 중금속함량에 관한 연구

신현수,허옥순,이진하,김세은,주인선,신동우,강석종,박만종,김지연,김근희,강숙경,정래석,허숙진,소유섭,최장덕,문병우,김진수 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 패류중 중금속함량 측정을 위한 분석효율이 높고 간편한 분해법을 찾아내어 그 방법에 의끓 유종중인 패류중 중금속함량을 파악하고자 수행하였다. 시료를 분해시키는 Microwave와 습식, 건식회법을 비교한 결과 변형습식회화르가 가장 적합하였다. 변형습식회차딘는 려린0,3+C104+H2SOf의 혼찰산을 쪼 · j 1 (v/v)의 비율로 혼합하여 사용하였 을 때 회수을 Pb린틴. Cd 97.8, Cu 94.2, Zn 92.8%를 나타내었근 분해시간은 2~2.5시간 소요되었다. 유통중인 패류중 중금속함량 」최소~최대(평균), mgAgl 은 Pb 0.028~o.528(0.153), Cd 0.OO7~1,832(0.587), Cu 0.360~37.375(4.6691, Zn 6.317~233.2iO(38.881), Hg 0.001 ~O.151(0.012)mg/ltg으로 나타났다. 또한 유통중인 5종의 패류중 중금속평균항량이 생산지 하재지역에서 구입한 패류에 비해 모든 중금속언써 약간 높은 함량을 보였으나 오염된 수준이 아닌 자연함유량수준이었다. This study was conducted to improve the digestion method for the determination of heavy metals in shellfishes and to estimate the contents of heavy metal in commercial shellfishes by their digestion method. This digestion method was compared microwave with wet and dry ash digestion for shellfish samples, obtained results showed that the modified wet ash Ⅱ digestion was convenient and easy to use. For the modified wet ash Ⅱ digestion, The mixed acid of HNO₃+HClO₄+H₂SO₄(25:5:1, v/v) was used. Under this condition, Recoveries were Pb 94.3, Cd 97.8, Cu 94.2 and Zn 92.8% and digestion time was ∼2.5 hours. The contents of heavy metal [minimum∼maximum (mean), mg/kg in commercial shellfishes were as follows ; Pb:0.028∼0.528(0.153), Cd:0.007∼1.832(0.587), Cu:0.360∼37.375(4.669), Zn:6.317∼233.250(38.881), Hg:0.001∼0.151(0.013). The contents of heavy metal in commercial shellfishes of five species were slightly greater than those of shellfishes purchased at Hajae. There was no great difference between the contents of heavy metal of Hajae and those of shellfishes purchased at Whole market.