Simplified Effective Compressive Strengths of Columns with Intervening Floor Slabs

Seung?Ho Choi,Jin?Ha Hwang,Sun?Jin Han,Hae?Chang Cho,Jae Hyun Kim,Kang Su Kim 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.5

The current design codes discuss the effective compressive strengths of columns, which reflect a decrease in load transfer performance that can occur when columns and slabs have different concrete compressive strengths. The effective compressive strength of a column increases as it is confined by the slab, and the design codes mandate three different effective compressive strengths for interior columns (confinement on four sides), exterior columns (confinement on three sides), and corner columns (confinement on two sides). For both corner and exterior columns, the confinement effect of the slab is significantly smaller than that for the interior column, and there is a more marked decrease in load transfer performance. However, there is still a lack of theoretical studies investigating the effective compressive strengths of the corner and exterior columns. Therefore, based on the analysis model established in previous research, this study has proposed an equation for calculating the effective compressive strengths of the corner, exterior and isolated columns without any confinement effects of the slab. In addition, axial loading tests of isolated columns were conducted and the proposed equation was verified.

Nanogenerators: Fully Rollable Transparent Nanogenerators Based on Graphene Electrodes (Adv. Mater. 19/2010)

Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>

Floristic characteristics of vascular plants and first distributional report of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim in Yongneup wetland protected area

Young-Chul Kim,Hyun-Hee Chae,Sang-Heock Oh,Seung-Ho Choi2,Moon-Pyo Hong3,Gi-Heum Nam,Jae-Yoon Choi,Hyun-Sook Choi,Kyu-Song Lee 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Yongneup wetland protected area, the only high moor in Korea, is a core area to conserve biodiversity. Even though the Yongneup wetland protected area is relatively small, various plant species are distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area because it includes various habitats showing different environmental gradients. Vascular plants distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area were identified as a total of 376 taxa that is composed of 73 families, 217 genera, 322 species, 3 subspecies, 44 varieties and 7 forms. For endangered plants designated by the Ministry of Environment, 5 species including Trientalis europaea var. arctica, Lilium dauricum, Halenia corniculata, Lychnis wilfordii and Menyanthes trifoliata were found and 34 taxa were confirmed to be distributed only in the mountainous wetland habitats. Regarding naturalized plants, a total of 11 taxa were distributed, but most of them were distributed in the areas where artificial interference has occurred. And in areas inside the wetlands that are relatively well preserved, 2 species of Bidens frondosa and Erigeron annuus were observed. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim, which was recently found in Mt. Baekdu and reported as a new species, were identified in the Yongneup wetland protected area. A wetland is a very vulnerable area to drastic environmental changes and damages to its ecosystem could cause the extinction of rare plant species which are distributed only in the wetlands. Therefore, it is mandatory that current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area is evaluated and actions to prevent rapid environmental changes are taken. Fourteen separate investigations were conducted in 2013 and another four in 2014, to evaluate current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area. These investigations have provided us the basic information for future actions of conservation and restoration.

간흡충 감염증의 진단에서 피내반응 검사의 유용성 검토

최재철,오승환,정해진,신정환,박기형,이은엽,장철훈 대한임상미샐물학회 2003 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.6 No.2

原料의 種類와 形態에 따른 Aspergillus oryzae 麴의 生理活性 및 酵素力

최성현,정재홍,이상덕,손화영,성창근,오만진,김성렬 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1997 농업과학연구 Vol.24 No.2

CNU O4-5 isolated from conventional Meju, which is used as raw material for making a soybean fermentation food, identified as an Aspergillus oryzae. To make koji, Aspergillus oryzae CNU O4-5 was cultured for 3-4 days at 30℃ with various grain materials such as flour, soybean powder, flour+soybean powder(1:1), soaked soybean and rice. The koji was evaluated for analyze the angiotesin converting enzyne(ACE) inhibition, antioxidative activity, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, amylase and protease activity, α-amylase and glucoamylase activities of flour koji wee higher than those of the koji soybean powder. However neutral and alkaline protease activities of flour koji were lower than those of flour+soybean powder and soybean koji. Amylase and protease activities of kojies of soaked soybean and rice showed very low level. The range of the ACE inhibition rate by hot water fraction of the kojies, which are cultured with various gain materials, were from 45% to 54%. The antioxidative activity of ethanol-fraction of koji, which is made by using the soybean powder or soaked soybean, prolonged for 6 days in lard at 60℃. The SOD activity of grinded fraction of koji, which is made by using the flour or soybean powder, was same as 2,000 units per g of each koji.

테니스 포핸드 스트로크 시 오픈스탠스의 족저압력분포의 변화

최지영,김승재,이의린 한국운동역학회 2005 한국운동역학회지 Vol.15 No.1

J. Y. CHOI, S. J. KIM, E. L. LEE. Change of Plantar Pressure Distribution of Open Stance during Forehand Stroke M Tennis. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 143-153, 2005. Recently among several tennis techniques forehand stroke has been greatly changed in the aspect of spin, grip and stance. The most fundamental factor among the three factors is the stance which consists of open, square and close stance and it is very important to know the patterns of plantar pressure distribution for the better understanding of forehand stroke. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the change of plantar pressure distribution in open stance during forehand stroke in tennis. Three high school tennis players were recruited for the study and required to perform forehand stroke five consecutive trials in the condition of open stance. The forehand strokes were filmed with two digital video cameras and measured with pedar system for plantar pressure. The plantar regions under the foot were divided into 3 regions, which were forefoot, midfoot, and rear foot. In conclusion, The plantar pressure of open stance during forehand stroke was distributed more largely to the right foot. The plantar pressure of open stance during forehand stroke was distributed more weight loads on forefoot of right than heel of right

중학교 야구선수의 스포츠상해에 관한 연구

최미리,이승재 京畿專門大學 2001 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.29

The purpose of this research is to study the kinds of injures inflicted on middle school baseball players during sports activity. The subject of study is 168 students in 10 middle schools located in Seoul. With students answering a questionnaire given, the research is done by the Self-assessment recording method The collected research data were analyzed with the Frequency Evaluation method, which is sub-program of SAS. The result of the research on injures of baseball players is as follows; First, the injured parts of body are arms(39.58%), legs(18.35%), feet(14.37%), face(10.47%), abdomen(8.66%), chest(3.38%). Second, the symptoms of the injures are partial injures(30.69%), pains in movement(21.23%), snap sound in joint movement(17.14%), hypodermic bleeding(15.86%), muscular cramp(15.09%), The degree of the injures are joints(40.71%), muscles and tendon(35.22%), bones(19.55%), the mervous system(3.52%). Third, the situations when the injures were inflected are as follows; hit by batted balls(25.2%), bumped against fielders(6.6%), bumped against fences(1.0%), etc(16.3%). Fourth, the causes of the injures are mistakes of the players, the defects of equipment, the defects of facilities. Fifth, the occurrence rate of the injures is higher during training(67.41%) rather than during games(32.59%). In allpositions, afternoon training saw 60.82% of all the injures, morning training, 30.20%, night training, 8.57%, dawn training, 0.41%. Sixth, professional doctors treated 39.6% of all the injures, players themselves, 30.6%, coaches or managers, 22.4%, insurance companies, 0.4%, etc, 6.9%. For the treatment measures, there are physical therapy, balms, and PAS(Para-Amino-Salycylic)(20.8%), ice fomentation(18.8%), acuquncture and moxacautery(14.2%), operation(9.3%). Seventh, for the condition after treatment, players said; 'can use the injured parts of the body as well as they used to be' and 'continue using them though painful'(31.25%), 'the injured parts the body are often hurt'(20.09%), 'try not to use the parts of body feeling the pains'(13.39%), 'never use them'(4.02%), For the aftereffect of the injures, players said; 'continue using them though painful'(42.86%), 'can use them as well as before'(35.20%),'try not to use them feeling the pain'(11.22%), 'injured parks are often hurt again'(8.16%), 'never use them'(2.55%). Eighth, infielders felt the best mental condition after treatment, with outfielders, pitchers, and catchers in order.

골다공증에 의한 압박 골절의 치료에 있어서 경피적 추세 성형술의 의의

최재영,윤승환,조준,문창택,장상근 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2001 건국의과학학술지 Vol.11 No.-

Percutaneous vertebroplasty has recently been introduced as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of pain associated with osteoporotic compression fractures and performed popularly at a few centers by neurosurgeons. This technique allows marked pain relief through stabilization of microfractures and strengthening of weakened vertebral body. Authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcome of 100 patients with osteoporotic compression fractures for investigating the therapeutic effectiveness of percutaneous vertebroplasty. They were treated with vertebroplasty from April to August 1999. Plain X-ray of all patients showed osteoporotic compression fractures at more than one level.

체외 충격파 쇄석기에 의해 발생된 음향 흐름 현상 연구

최민주,이승환,홍경진,김호찬,박재우,이헌주 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2001 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.2

Acoustic streaming produced by an extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter was visualized for the first time in the present study. It was observed that the streaming velocity increased with the shock wave amplitude and was reaching up to 3 cm/s at the highest output setting of the lithotripter.

특수체육교사 자질조건의 중요성에 대한 전문인의 인식

최승오,김승재 한국특수체육학회 2003 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate professionals' perception regarding the importance of a specified set of professional competencies in adapted physical education(APE). Purposively selected sixteen professors who were teaching APE at universities, 56 APE teachers who were directly teaching APE to students with disabilities, and 48 major students who were in pre-service training programs in APE responded to the questionnaire containing 59 competency statements arranged in 20 categories of and adapted physical education specialist. It was concluded that the perception of the professors, the teachers, and the students were similar even though 31 of the 59 competency statements were found to be significantly different. This conclusion was supported by the their high ranking for the competencies included in the questionnaire. That is, there was agreement between the three groups as to the importance of the competencies for adapted physical educators included in this study