이상 소설에 나타난 산책의 의미와 근대성에 관한 연구 : 몸의 문제를 중심으로 As Found in Lee Sangs Novels

이재복 우리말글학회 2003 우리말 글 Vol.29 No.-

The reason why many of the papers, reaching about 600 pieces, on Lee Sangs literature leave much to be desired despite their vast numbers, is that they excluded the body which can be said to be the foundation of his literature. The modern times or modernity revealed in his literature, particularly his novels, is the substance expressed by or embodied by the body. Experiencing modern times and modernity through the body means that his novels reveal the essence of modern times and modernity. Its because the body shows all the phenomenon and essence, the cognition and practice, the consciousness and unconsciousness, the process and reality of modern times. For this reason, this study explores the modern times and modernity that his novels reveal by paying special attention to the experience in the body. It is not different from drawing a birds-eye view of modern times with the body that the body carries out improvised walking from an alcove to Kyongsung, a modern city space. By drawing out a birds-eye view of the opaque and uncertain modern times represented by gray darkness with the body, the speaker reveals not only the bounds of our modern times and modernity but also the limits to their generals. Their intensive representation is the desire for soaring revealed through abstracted and artificialized wings. This desire for soaring should be viewed not as escape to the abstracted and artificialized world but as desire for passing over it. He tries to realize the desire for real modern times by moving to Kyongsung, but it results in not an illusion but disillusionment. A series of these facts that Lee Sang shows through his novels can be viewed as both a drama of the body and that of modernity in itself. He explored the universal aspects of modern generals as well as the special aspects of our modern times or modernity, through a way of speaking and thinking with the body. We cannot say too much that his exploration on modern times and modernity was based on the body. If it may be said to be true modernity to re-create the self or the subject that was regnant as a source of self-evidence in the thought of the body and re-form the understanding of our existence, he is a modernist in its real meaning. It would not be a sound appreciation of Lee Sangs novels and literature that some treat him as if he were a schizophreniac by emphasizing an aspect of the dissociation of consciousness, or others regard him as a tragic hero who wandered about the surface of a pale mind and finally passed away without getting out of languor and doubt or as a prosaic stylist who tried to escape to the abstract and geometric world. Though concerns about Lee Sang are spreading in gear with discussions on modernism or modern and postmodern ages, the reason why those discussions repeatedly expand and reproduce only an intellectual amusement in a cognitive level is that they didnt see the body, the essential foundation of his literature. Once, Kim Soo-young commented on Park Tae-jins poetry that a physical understanding should be preceded to truly understand modernity. His comment has been regarded as a kind of a classic in writing in the name of poetics of the whole body. It would be said that the ground for calling Kim Soo-young a real modernist is on this understanding of modernity and the body, rather than on his avant-garde, experimental and modern sense. But theres no basis for concluding that Kim Soo-young is a poet who wrote a poem with his whole body though he shows an understanding of modernity and the body. This is rather because the cognition of speaking and thinking with the body is not fully physicalized than because in its nature of genre, in poetry the pains of the body before language are not revealed concretely in a textual level. While many of critics make comment that Lee Sangs literature lacks the social consciousness, they dont doubt its authenticity. Its because he embodies speaking with the body. It can be said that the true modernist or modernity is none other than Lee Sang himself and his novels. Our society is in modern ages, and though it switches over to postmodern ages the problems of the body and modernity Lee Sang showed us would exist as an important basis for understanding the world. In this sense, the problems of the body and modernity revealed by his novels will be a certain standard in discussing modern ages and modernity, and further, postmodern ages and postmodernity that our literature as well as his poetry and essays reveals.(Hanyang University)

이상 시에 나타난 다다이즘적 특성에 관한 연구

이재복(Jae Bok Lee) 한국언어문화학회 2000 한국언어문화 Vol.18 No.-

The main purpose of the thesis is to pursue the Dadaistic features of Lee-sang`s Poetry. Lee-sang`s Poetry, as a whole, is discoursed in the Dadaism and the Surrealism. Both of these are not technical but social and historic. Especially, among these two terms Dadaism, first of all, regards to the social and history, they have negative sprit. In this respcet, I studied Lee-sang`s Poetry. As the result of this point of view, he was a poet who wrote poem fiercely as like the fighter, in the colonical era. His negative thought should be realive through the modern poets. In order that his dadaistic spirit accepted the aethetic dialectic, he said, desperate give birth to technic(language) and technic(language) give birth to desperate. That`s the reason why we think over and over.

돼지 우리 깔집용 왕겨에서의 Ochratoxin A 검출

이문한,박진봉,박응복,이영재,신광순,박종명,남궁선,조준형,박근식,권택석,이재구 한국수의공중보건학회 1992 예방수의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

이상 소설의 각혈하는 몸과 근대성에 관한 연구

이재복 한국여성문학학회 2001 여성문학연구 Vol.6 No.-

이상 문학에 대해 육 백 여 편에 달하는 많은 글들이 쓰여졌음에도 불구하고 본질에 접근하지 못하고 있는 것은 그의 문학을 발생시키는 본질적인 토대인 몸을 배제해 왔기 때문이다. 그의 문학 특히 그의 소설이 드러내는 근대 및 근대성은 몸으로 말해진 혹은 몸으로 구현된 실체들이다. 몸으로 근대 및 근대성을 체험한다는 것은 그의 소설이 근대 및 근대성의 본질을 드러내고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 그것은 몸이 근대의 현상과 본질, 인식과 실천, 의식과 무의식, 과정과 실재 등을 모두 드러내고 있기 때문이다. 이런 이유 때문에 본고에서는 몸 체험에 주목하여 그의 소설이 드러내는 근대 및 근대성을 탐구해 보았다. 몸은 그 특성상 역동성을 강하게 드러내며, 이것은 소설의 말과 관계가 있을 뿐만 아니라 텍스트의 육화로 이어지는 것이 사실이다. 즉 몸은 텍스트와 발생론적인 인과성으로 연결되어 있다고 할 수 있다. 이런 점에 주목하여 이상 소설의 글쓰기 주체가 보여주는 자신의 주관화된 각혈하는 몸과 그것을 객관하고 타자화한 창부의 몸 중에서 먼저 각혈하는 몸을 통해 어떻게 근대성을 발견하고 있는지를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 말하기 주체 자신의 각혈하는 몸, 다시 말하면 피를 쏟으면서 점점 탕진되어 가는 몸을 통해서는 육체와 정신의 아이러니와 페러독스, 자기 소외라는 이중화된 근대의 구조와 근대적인 실존에 대한 불안과 공포를 읽어낼 수 있었다. 글쓰기 주체 자신의 각혈하는 몸을 통해 드러나는 이러한 특성은 모두 근대의 본질에 닿아 있지만 그 중에서도 이중성은 시사하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있다. 근대는 이미 출발부터가 이중적이었다. 이를테면 근대를 성립시킨 계몽이성이 자유로운 인간의 탄생을 가져온 동시에 인간에게 새로운 압제와 질곡을 불러일으키고 있다거나 주체성의 원리에서 비롯된 지복(至福) 자유가 인륜적 조화의 상실을 가져왔다는 점, 혹은 자연의 지배로부터 인간을 해방시킨 계몽의 형식 바로 그것 속에 인간을 복속 시키는 야만이 잠재되어 있다는 사실 등은 근대의 이중성을 잘 말해주고 있는 예라고 할 수 있다. 근대의 본질을 내장하고 있는 이러한 이중성을 드러낸다는 것은 작가의 근대에 대한 통찰이 깊이를 획득하고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 더욱이 그것이 관념이나 인식만으로 이루어진 것이 아니라 몸에 대한 체험을 통해 이루어졌다는 점에서 그 의미는 더욱 크다고 할 수 있다. The reason why many of the papers, reaching about 600 pieces, on Lee Sangs literature leave much to be desired despite their vast numbers, is that they excluded the body which can be said to be the foundation of his literature. The modern times or modernity revealed in his literature, particularly his novels, is the substance expressed by or embodied by the body. Experiencing modern times and modernity through the body means that his novels reveal the essence of modern times and modernity. Its because the body shows all the phenomenon and essence, the cognition and practice, the consciousness and unconsciousness, the process and reality of modern times. For this reason, this study explores the modern times and modernity that his novels reveal by paying special attention to the experience in the body. The body strongly reveals dynamics in its own nature, which involves the words of novels as well as is connected to the physicalization of texts. That is, it can be said that the body is connected to texts with the causality of the evolution theory. Paying special attention to this point, explores how the speaker in Lee Sangs novels finds modernity through both his subjective body expectorating blood and the objectified prostitutes body. As a result, the irony and paradox of the body and the spirit, the duplicated structure of modern times of self-isolation, and the fear of and anxiety about modern existence were to be read through the speakers expectorating body, or, the body that is being exhausted by expectorating blood. This modernity revealed by the speakers own body is also found in the prostitutes body where it is objectified. On the other hand, those found in the prostitutes body that plays a role of a mirror are the duality of a poisonous flower, the image of an onion as a condenser of desires that doesnt reveal the real entity, and the natures of modern times like alienation in communication by the body and fetishism. Though these natures revealed by the speakers expectorating body and the prostitutes objectified body both come in touch with the essence of modernity, above all, the duality can be said to have a lot of implications. Modern times were dual from its own beginning. The examples prove well the duality of modern times like that the reason of Enlightenment which established modern times at once created free men and brought a new kind of oppression and fetters to human beings, the freedom of beatitude originated from the principle of subjectivity caused the loss of humanistic harmony, or barbarism which subjects men to his rule lurks in the form of Enlightenment itself which freed men from the natures bondage. Revealing this duality inherent in the substance of modern times means that the insight of the author into modern times has obtained profundity. Moreover, the meaning is to be greater in that it has been obtained through the experience in the body as well as by ideas or recognition.

정수 슬러지의 처분방식별 비용에 관한 비교연구

이재복,임성진 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 環境硏報 Vol.12 No.1

The objective of this study is to investigate the cost for disposal alternatives of waterworks sludge. Current disposal systems such as landfill, ocean dumping and incineration were compared with the sludge reuse through modification from economical point of view. When the cost spent in producing cover soil using waterworks sludge mixed with hydrated lime as a main material was assessed for Busan Metropolitan City area, the disposal cost was estimated to about 20,128 won per ton of waterworks sludge, which had more economical advantages than any other disposal methods. Environmental and economical benefits of sludge modification will include decrease of disposal cost, procurement of cover soils and reduction of landfill area.

中國經濟發展에 對한 分析 : 鄧小平時期의 經濟 The economy time the Deng's time

李元福,徐在日 대구대학교 경제경영연구소 2003 경제경영연구 Vol.2 No.1

"文革"기간동안 四人幇에 의해 강소성의 한 공장에서 노동을 하다가 1973년 복직한 鄧小平은 1978년부터 중국 공산당의 주요 정책 결정요인이 되면서, 그는 전당 제정과 새로운 발전 시기의 노선, 방침, 정책 실시를 이끌어 나갔다. 그는 解放思想, 實事求是, 앞을 내다보는 방침으로 단결 일치하여 "사회주의 노선, 인민민주주의전권, 공산당지도자들, 마르크스 레닌주의, 毛澤東 사상의 4가지 기본원칙의 견지"할 것을 주장하고, 兩岸間의 통일대업에 만은 관심을 기울여, "하나의 국가, 두개의 제도"라는 방안을 제시하였다. 중국은 1978년 제11기 3중전회 직후 개최된 경제학회에서 "市場經濟"의 문제가 제기하였고, 1984년 중국공산당 제 12기 3中全會에서 "경제개혁에 관한 결정"을 통과시켰다. 이 경제개혁에 관한 결정에서는 사회주의경제를 '생산요소의 사회주의 공유제에 기초한 계획적인 상품경제 라고 정의했으며, 당시 저명한 경제학자들은 사회주의 상품경제는 곧 사회주의 시장경제라고 칭할 수 있다'라는 의견을 제기하였다. 중국 개혁·개방의 경과 및 성과를 살펴보면 1978년 12월 중국은 대외개방을 천명한 11기 3中全會 이후 시장기능을 적극 도입함으로써 "중국특색의 사회주의 시장경제 건설"을 통한 경제발전을 이루기 위해 노력해 왔다. 그 결과 중국은 최근 몇 년간에 12~13%의 높은 경제성장을 이룩하였고, 중국의 수출액은 94년 1,210억 달러로 세계 9위를 기록하고 있다. 또 중국의 수입액도 94년 1,157억 달러로 9위를 기록하고 있으며 대외무역관계의 계속적인 확대로 현재 180여 개 이상의 국가와 교역관계를 맺고 있는 것으로 보인다. 특히 선진국에 대한 수출입 비중이 점차 높아지고 있는 등 고도성장을 계속하고 있다. 鄧小平정권의 과감한 개혁과 개방을 추진한 결과, "사회주의 시장경제"로 전환하면서 비약적인 경제발전을 성취함으로써 세계의 주목을 받는 경제대국으로 등장하였다. Deng Xiaoping who resumed office in 1973 after having been expelled by 四人幇 and doing manual labor during the Cultural Revolution rose as a decision maker of major policies of Chinese Communist Party and led the new plan and policy line of the party. He established such perspective policies as liberation idea and the idea of doing the practical and leading the right, and asserted that the party adhere to the line of socialism, the right of people s democracy, the leaders of the Communist Party, Marxism .-Leninism and the four basic principles of Mao Zedong s idea. And also he was much interested in unification between China and Taiwan and presented the policy of "one country, two systems". The problem of market economy was carried into an economic conference shortly after the 3rd national convention of Chinese Communist Party was held in 1978. And the national convention of the party passed "the decision on economic revolution" in 1884 Socialism economy was defined as merchandise economy which was based on the system of socialism public-ownership of production factors. Distinguished economists who attended the convention raised an opinion that the socialism merchandise economy could be called socialism market economy. China has tried to achieve economic growth through construction of socialism market economy which was characteristic in China by adopting the function of market actively since it announced foreign open in the national convention of the party on December. 1978. As a result, China has achieved high economic growth by 12-13% for past several years. Its exports was 121,000,000,000 dollars in 1994, becoming 9th exporting country in world trade. And its imports 115,700,000,000 dollars, becoming 9th importing country in world trade in 1994. It has traded with more than 180 countries. thanks to continuous extension of international trade. Especially, it has achieved high economic growth by increasing exports and imports with advanced countries. Deng Xiaoping s determined revolution and open policy changed China's economy socialism into market economy, and China rose as an economic power by achieving great economic development.

입원 기간 중 발생한 첫 경련발작

이훈복,김종흥,김제,이애영,김재문 대한신경과학회 1997 대한신경과학회지 Vol.15 No.2

WC-Co 초경 소지에 R.F sputtering법으로 제조한 TiB₂박막의 열처리 특성

이해석,임재복,김규호 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2004 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.32 No.1

TiB₂ thin films were deposited by R. F sputtering process on the WC-Co cutting tool. The growth rate of as-deposited films increased with R. F power. As-deposited films were amorphous by XRD measurement. The thermal annealing was performed to crystallize as-deposited films at temperature, which was varied from 900℃ to 1100℃. TiB₂ thin films annealed at 900℃ showed TiB₂, TiB peaks. As annealing temperature increased to 1100t, the intensity of the (101) and (110) peaks of TiB2 became sharp. The morphology of as-deposited films exhibited the granular structure by SEM observations. As the R. F power increased, the spherical particles of the films were coalesced and showed the large granular structure. The films annealed at 900℃ showed a fine crystallized grain and columnar structure. Whereas, the melt phase was formed on the surface of the films above 1000℃. The results of EDS analysis of melt phase show that the melt phase was composed of W, Co elements. The hardness of the films annealed increased with increasing thermal annealing temperature. Whereas, in the case of as-deposited films above R. F power 150W, the hardness of the films annealed above 1000℃ decreased because of melt phase.

洛東江 水系 水質管理를 위한 渴水量 解析

李在福 慶星大學校 1986 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have much increased the pollutant loading in streams. They have also urged to establish effluent standards in order to achieve the objective of the water quality management, which is to conserve an agreable environment for life and to protect public health. Considering drought flow and self-purification capacity of a stream, a rational method to establish effluent standards has been developed. The drought flow of a stream can be determined statistically using previous flow data. Flow records of Nagdong, Hyeonpung, and Jindong gauging stations were analyzed statistically, and the drought flow was determined by the type Ⅲ extreme value distribution method.

백서의 일과성 국소허혈-재괄류 모델에서 U-74389G와 MK-801이 뇌경색 크기에 미치는 효과

김재일,김종민,양대웅,이근호,윤병우,노재규,이상복 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.1