한강하구지역에서 월동하는 재두루미(Grus vipio)의 개체군 감소

이화수(Hwa-Su Lee),신주열(Ju-Yeol Shin),이시완(Si-Wan Lee),강태한(Tae-Han Kang),윤순영(Soon-Young Yoon),김정수(Jungsoo Kim) 한국조류학회II 2012 한국조류학회지 Vol.19 No.4

김포시와 고양시 일대의 한강하구 지역은 우리나라에서 재두루미의 가장 중요한 월동지 및 중간기착지로 알려져 있지만, 이 지역의 조류 서식환경은 심각한 개발압력과 인간의 간섭으로 인해 지속적으로 나빠지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 2007-2008년과 2011-2012년의 월동시기에 본 지역에 도래하는 재두루미를 대상으로 월동 개체군 크기 변화와 월동지역 내에서 과거와 현재의 취식지역 이용 현황 등을 조사하여 개발행위가 이들의 서식에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 본 지역에서 월동하는 재두루미 개체군은 평균 124.9개체(2007-2008년)에서 59.0개체(2011-2012년)로 감소하였으며, 주요 취식지역에서 확인된 개체수는 평균 77.7개체에서 24.1개체로 감소하여 월동개체군의 감소폭에 비해 주요 취식지역의 이용 개체수의 감소폭이 더 크게 나타났다. 유형별 분석에서는 가족군에 비해 무리군의 개체수가 많이 감소한 것으로 나타났으나, 홍도평 지역의 가족군 이용 개체수는 변화가 나타나지 않았다(Mann-Whitney test. Z=-0.26, p=0.979). 그리고 과거 다수의 재두루미가 주요 취식지역으로 이용하였던 송포동과 평동지역은 2012-2013년 조사에서는 거의 이용하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 위 지역의 개발행위(예: 제 2자유로 건설 등)와 깊은 연관성이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Han-river estuary in Gimpo and Goyang city is well known as one of the most important wintering and stopover sites for migrating White-naped Crane (Grus vipio) in Korea. Nowadays, habitat quality of this area is getting worse due to serious development pressure and high human disturbances. So, we wanted to know whether development actions affected total wintering population change in Han-river estuary and feeding group pattern of White-naped Crane in main feeding habitats between the 2007-2008 and 2011-2012 wintering period. Average wintering population was decreased 124.9 to 59.0 and population of main feeding site also decreased 77.7 to 24.1. But decrease rate of main feeding site population was higher than total wintering population. Non-family feeding population was more decrease than family feeding population in the flock type analysis. But family feeding population of Hongdopyong was maintained from past and present (Mann-Whitney test. Z=-0.26, p=0.979). However, almost all White-naped Crane din not use both feeding sites, Pyong-dong and Songpo-dong, where were deteriorated habitat quality by human act.

상염색체우성 다낭신의 임상경과 및 합병증

이상주,이영모,이한규,최대은,박기현,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD) is one of most common hereditary disorder. It is potentially fatal and the major mobilities are hypertension and renal failure. To elucidate clinical characteristics and outcomes of ADPKD, 67 ADPKD patients were analyzed retrospectively. The male to female ratio was 48 years for males and 42 years for females. The factors leading to the dignosis of ADPKD were flank or abdominal pain (46%), palpable abdominal mass (24%), incidental findings (18%), gross hematuria and headache. Urinalysis result showed hematuria (31%), proteinuria (19%), pyuria (18%). Among renal complications hypertension (67%) was the most common. Other complications were urolithiasis (16%) upper urinary tract infection (9%), cyst infection (7%). Azotemia was observed in 24% of cases. Echocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy in 24% and valvular regurgitation in 18% of cases, but there was no mital valve prolapse. Cerebrovascular events occurred in 6 cases (2 cases of intervertebral hemorrhage and 4 cases of cerebral infarction). Hipatic cyst were observed in 64% of cases. Eighteen cases culminated in end stage renal failure (ESRF) at an of 47. According to this study, the most common complications of ADPKD was hypertension (67%), ESRF (27%), and cerebrovascular event (9%). Hypertension was more frequently observed in increased creatinine group than normal.

공원묘지 유실에 의한 대량재해의 개인식별

강신몽,이한영,윤중진,이원태,김종열,이영석,서재관,최득린,서지석,이혜경 大韓法醫學會 1992 대한법의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Individual identification of severely decomposed or skeletonized bodies is an important part in medicolegal field. 142 bodies were torn up and carried away by flood in a park cemetry, Kwang-Ju, Kyunggi province, Korea at Sept., 10, 1990. The authors examed the 56 bodies, which were gained, through medical, anthropological, odontological, radiological methods, and superimposition for individual identification. Among them, 41 cases were successfully identified, and remaining 15 cases were not identified because of sever destruction and no adequate information.

강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

횡문근융해증과 급성 신부전 및 범발성 혈관내 응고장애를 동반한 열사병 1예

최대은,박수진,권오경,이한규,이영모,이상주,나기량,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

Heat stroke is a life-threatening illness characterized by an elevated core body temperature that rises above 40% and central nervous system dysfunctions that results in delirium, convulsions, or coma. Heat stroke is subdivided into two forms, classic and exertional. Since strenuous exercise is one of the major exacerbating and precipitating factors, the incidence of exertional heat stroke is high among young adult, especially military personnel undergoing military training. Exertional heat stroke commonly causes rhabdomyolysis, lactic acidosis, acute renal failure, shock and pulmonary edema. We report a case of heat stroke with rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC) after strenuous exercise. A 18 year old man was admitted to the hospital because of loss of consciousness. He was a wrestler and he had tried to lose 6kg in weight by jogging and strenuous exercise on that summer day with hot temperature. The development of this illness was favoured by much clothes inappropriate for that environmental condition with a purpose to enhance sweating, and by restricted intake of water and food. On admission, the blood pressure was 80/50mmHg, and body temperature was 39.4℃ with stuporous mentality. Laboratory finding were as follows : in complete blood cell count, hemoglobin was 16.7g/dL and platelet count was 158,000/ mm³. In blood chemistry, AST 1061U/L, ALT 201U/L, BUN 30mg/dL, Cr 2.2mg/dL, LDH 941IU/L, CK 696IU/L were resulted. In arterial blood gas analysis, pH 7.39, pCO₂ 30mmHg pO₂ 86mmHg, HCO₃ 18.4mEq/L, O₂ saturation 96.7% were resulted. In urinalysis, specific gravity 1.025, protein 3+, erythrocyte 2+ were resulted. In brain imaging study, brain CT finding was normal. After appropriate treatments with rapid cooling, hydration and supportive care, he improved with alert mental status. On 2nd hospital day, in laboratory result, thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy were appeared and renal insufficiency was aggravated. So he was treated with platelet concentrate and fresh frosen plasma for DIC, and enough hydration for appropriate urine volume preservation. After all, On 22nd hospital day, he fully recovered and discharged. Nowadays, with followed for some duration, he is wellbeing with no complications.

구리의 전기석출시 젤라틴이 물성에 미치는 영향

신석재,강현춘,안형환,강안수,김용렬,한성만,이한섭 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.-

In the electrodeposition of copper foil for preparing printed circuit boards, a little amount of gelatin as a addition agent has been used for the better characteristics of a coat of electroplating. Gelatin modifies the physical properties such as mechanical strength, matte-side roughness, ultimate tensile strength(U.T.S), and elongation of copper foil, furthermore gelatin have influence on the structure of electrodeposits and the cathode polarization. The electrolyte used was of a composition; CuSO₄·5H₂O 300g/ℓ, H₂SO₄ 100g/ℓ, NaCl 10 ppm as a brightner, and was gelatin 0-7 ppm as a addition agent. Current density was 50 A/dm², and the temperature of electrolytic bath was 50 to 52 ℃. Experiments showed that the optimum gelatin concentration was 5 ppm with the consideration of the numbers of electrodeposited nuclei. And the nuclei numbers was sharply increased under 5 ppm, but was almostly constant above 5ppm. Average matte-side roughness by Surfcorder was gradually increased with the increasing gelatine concentration up to 2 ppm, and maximum roughness was observed at 2ppm. The roughness showed gradual decrease within the concentration range of 2 to 4 ppm, and was almost constant above 4ppm . Within the gelatine concentration range of 0 to 7 ppm, as the concentration increased, UTS was increased and elongation was decreased logarithmically. Also, in comparison between UTS and elongation, gelatin was identified as an addition agent acting inversely.

Instrumental Variable 법을 이용한 시스템 매개변수의 직접추정

이건명,신봉인,이한희 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The direct parameter estimation method can estimate system parameter matrices from measured time data of excitation force and acceleration. The acceleration data are integrated numerically to obtain the velocities and displacements, and the system parameters are estimated from these data by solving equations of motion. The parameter estimation method has some advantages over other estimation methods. But the method is very sensitive to measurement noise and cannot estimate accurate parameters from noise corrupted measurements. To solve this problem, the instrumental variable method is applied to direct parameter estimation. Simulation results show that the accuracy of the estimated parameters is much improved by the application of the instrumental variable method.

지구운동 후의 식사조성이 근중성지방과 지구운동의 성과에 미치는 효과

이신언,오이표,김한수 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

This study was carried out for the purpose of examining the effect of eating on muscular neutral fat and outcome of persistent exercise. Seven men who were taking persistent training had 2 hours of cyclying exercise at an intensity of 65%VO₂max, Thereafter the examinees took meals containing high level of sugars and fats and then carried out 1600kJ by self pace after fasting 12 hours. In the Performance taken 2 hours before starting cycling training (33.0+/- 2.3 vs. 37.0 +/- 2.1mmol/㎏ dry weight ) and in the Performance taken thereafter (30.9+/- 2.4 vs. 32.8+/- 1.6 mmol/㎏ weight) there was no difference in muscular neutral fat. However eating more fatty food showed higher value of muscular neutral fat prior to 2nd self paced exercise in comparison with taking more sugary food. (44.7+/- 2.4 vs. 27.5+/- 2.1 mmol/㎏ dry weight). In terms of outcome of self-paced cycling training Performance where highly fatty food was taken showed significant decline, This outcome did not show any significant change in muscular neutral fat before and after cycling training of medium level intensity but it was observed that absorption of highly fatty food heightened accumulation of muscular neutral fat rather than taking highly sugary food.

SOI 기판에 형성된 MOSFET의 특성 연구

한명석,이찬희,홍신남 한국항공대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

Thin film SOI 소자는 short channel effect 감소, subthreshold slop의 개선, 높은 이동도, 낮은 기생 캐패시터, latch-up현상이 없는 등의 여러가지 장점들을 가지고 있다. 이것이 ULSI에 대해 실현 가능한 기술이 된 것은 최근에 발달된 양질의 thin film SOI 기관 제작기술에 기인한 것이다. 그렇지만 current kink와 early breakdown 같은 floating body effect와 source/drain 저항의 증가라는 두가지의 큰 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 concave 구조를 가지는 SOI MOSFET 형태를 통해 문제를 풀어보고자 하였다. 제안된 concave SOI 구조는 항복전압을 높이고 드레인 영역에서의 전계를 감소시켜 kink 현상의 원인이 되는 impact ionization이 발생할 확률을 줄이는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. Thin-film SOR(Silicon-On-Insulator) devices offer unique advantages such as reduction in short channel effects, improvement of subthreshold slope, higher mobility, low parasitic capacitance, latch-up free natere, and so on. This is available technology for ULSI due to recent advances in high quality thin film SOI process technology. However, Thin film SOI devices have several problems-floating body effects, current kink, early breakdown effects, increase in parasitic source/drain resistances. In this paper, a SOI MOSFET with concave structure is analyzed for a sub-half micron regime to solve the above problems. Proposed concave SOI structure showed the increased breakdown voltage and the decreased impact ionization due to the lower electric field near the drain region.

열처리 방법에 따른 접합특성에 관한 연구

한명석,이병학,홍신남 한국항공대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

0.2㎛ 이하의 shallow pㆍ-ⁿ 접합을 형성하기 위하여 주입 에너지가 45KeV 인 As이온과 Ge이온으로 섬비정질화하였고, dopant로는 BF₂ 이논을 24keV로 주입하였으며 dose는 2×10?cm?이다. 열처리 조건은 FA 850℃/min, RTA 1000℃/10sec, RTA 1000℃/10sec와 FA 850℃/min, FA 850℃/40min와 RTA 1000℃/10sec이었다. 또한 RTA의 온도 변화를 주어 FA와의 혼합 열처리를 시뮬레이션한 결과로 RTA의 온도가 FA보다 높은경우에 FA+RTA가 RTA+RA보다 접합깊이가 면저항에서 유리한 특성을 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 실험결과에서도 시뮬레이션 결과와 동일하게 선비정질화를 이용한 shallow접합의 형성시 Ge으로 선비정질화한 후 FA+RTA의 열처리가 RTA+FA보다 이온 주입후의 결정결함의 제거에 의해 접합깊이와 면저항의 특성이 우수함을 알 수 있었다. To form sub 0.2㎛ ?? junctions, As and Ge ions of 45keV implatation energy were used for preamorphization and BF₂ was used as dopant ion with 25keV implantation energy and the dose of ??. annealing was carried out in the manner of FA 850℃/40min, RTA 1000℃/10sec plus FA 850℃/40min and FA 850℃40min plus RTA 1000℃/sec. Also simulation was performed when the samples were annealed with FA plus the various temperatures of RTA. In respect of junction depth and sheet resistance, FA+RTA was better than RTA+FA, when the temperature of RTA was larger than FA. Tp Form shallow ?? junction, FA+RTA annealing method with GE ion preamorphization showed better junction characteristics than RTA+FA fir junction depth and sheet resiatance via point-defect removal.