Evaluation of the Performance of Structured Mixed Packing and Inert Packing Materials in Toluene Biotrickle-filtration

Duanfang Sun,Jianjun Li,Taicheng An,Meiying Xu,Guoping Sun,Jun Guo 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.5

Packing materials play a key role in waste gas treatment. Organic and inert packing materials have their disadvantages, which may be minimized by mixed packing. In this study, various operating conditions were applied to evaluate the performance of structured mixed packing and inert packing materials in toluene biotricklefiltration. Four biotrickle filters were packed with structured mixed packing materials, namely, ceramic pall rings,ceramic rashig rings, and lava rock. Their toluene removal capacity was studied for 217 day using a laboratory-scale reaction under various operating conditions. The key elimination capacity (removal efficiency > 95%) ranking of the biotrickle filters was as follows: Structured mixed packing (306.20 ± 7.90 g/m^3/h) > pall ring (156.71 ± 7.84 g/m^3/h)> rashig ring (153.31 ± 6.14 g/m^3/h) > lava rock (150.32 ±9.19 g/m^3/h). The structured mixed packing and inert packing resulted in excellent toluene-degrading biofilter performance under long-term operation. The structured mixed packing provided a more rapid startup rate and better process robustness than the inert packing did. The biotrickle filter with mixed packing materials had a high elimination capacity which makes it suitable for various real-life applications, whereas the capability of the inert packing material was more suitable for treating a steady low toluene load.

Bacterial Community Diversity and Functional Gene Abundance of Structured Mixed Packing and Inert Packing Materials Based Biotrickling Filters

Duanfang Sun,Jianjun Li,Taicheng An,Meiying Xu,Guoping Sun,Jun Guo 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.3

Packing is the most important factor in biofilter design. A structured mixed packing (SMP) material, combined with various organic and inorganic materials (mineral matter is 80.18 ± 0.48%, w : w), was constructed by ureaformaldehyde resin in order to minimize the disadvantages of these materials when used as stand-alone components. The performance of the toluene biotrickling filter (BTF)packed with SMP was compared with the other BTFs packed with a ceramic raschig ring, ceramic pall ring, and lava rock, respectively, for 217 day under various operating conditions. Real-time PCR and DGGE techniques were applied to reveal the gene coding for the toluene-degrading enzymes and the bacterial community structure in the BTFs. The toluene-degradation gene copies exponentially increased, and bacterial diversity significantly decreased with the improving elimination capacities of the BTFs. The overload and shutdown operations resulted in insignificant fluctuations in the toluene-degradation gene copies at equal levels as well as a slight variation in the bacterial community structures in the BTFs. Various putative toluenedegrading bacteria were found using sequencing bands from the DGGE gels; some bacteria, such as Burkholderia spp., were further confirmed by real-time PCR; other bacteria,such as Alcaligenes spp., might not have been reported. The packing properties of SMP material supported more toluene-degradation gene copies in the biofilm, and higher toluene-degrading bacterial diversity of the BTF, than did inert packing. Thus, the BTF with SMP demonstrated excellent performance, suggesting the suitability of SMP for real applications, whereas the capabilities of inert packing materials are more suited to the treatment of steady low VOC loads. Packing is the most important factor in biofilter design. A structured mixed packing (SMP) material, combined with various organic and inorganic materials (mineral matter is 80.18 ± 0.48%, w : w), was constructed by ureaformaldehyde resin in order to minimize the disadvantages of these materials when used as stand-alone components. The performance of the toluene biotrickling filter (BTF)packed with SMP was compared with the other BTFs packed with a ceramic raschig ring, ceramic pall ring, and lava rock, respectively, for 217 day under various operating conditions. Real-time PCR and DGGE techniques were applied to reveal the gene coding for the toluene-degrading enzymes and the bacterial community structure in the BTFs. The toluene-degradation gene copies exponentially increased, and bacterial diversity significantly decreased with the improving elimination capacities of the BTFs. The overload and shutdown operations resulted in insignificant fluctuations in the toluene-degradation gene copies at equal levels as well as a slight variation in the bacterial community structures in the BTFs. Various putative toluenedegrading bacteria were found using sequencing bands from the DGGE gels; some bacteria, such as Burkholderia spp., were further confirmed by real-time PCR; other bacteria,such as Alcaligenes spp., might not have been reported. The packing properties of SMP material supported more toluene-degradation gene copies in the biofilm, and higher toluene-degrading bacterial diversity of the BTF, than did inert packing. Thus, the BTF with SMP demonstrated excellent performance, suggesting the suitability of SMP for real applications, whereas the capabilities of inert packing materials are more suited to the treatment of steady low VOC loads.

Synthesis of Dithiolopyrrolone Derivatives and Their Leukocyte-Increasing Activities

Li, Chungang,Sun, Yiping,Wang, Guoping,Tan, Xiangduan Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.12

In search of new antileukopenia agents, twenty dithiolopyrrolone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their leukocyte-increasing activities in normal mice. Among the synthesized compounds 4-23, compounds 5 and 6 showed significant leukocyte-increasing activity ( p < 0.01), and compounds 4, 9 and 16 had a moderate effect ( p < 0.05). Compound 5 also displayed stronger leukocyte-increasing activity than that of the positive recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). Above all, compound 5 would be a potential antileukopenia agent which deserved further research.

Effects of Enzymolysis on the Functional Ingredient Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Enzymatic Extracts from Rice Bran and Correlation Analysis

Yuxin Wang,Guoping Yu,Anmin Sun,Xinghang Cai,Chonghui Yue 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

Effects of different hydrolytic conditions on functional ingredient contents and antioxidant activities of aqueous enzymatic extracts from rice bran (AEERB) were evaluated and correlations were determined. After trypsin hydrolysis under weak alkalescent conditions, the soluble protein, total phenolic, α-tocopherol, and γ-oryzanol contents of AEERB were increased. Excessively high temperatures (>60℃) and long hydrolysis times (>2.0 h) were not suitable for enzymatic hydrolysis. The free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, lipid peroxidation inhibition activity, and total antioxidant activity were used for evaluation of the antioxidant activity. AEERB displayed an antioxidant activity and correlations of concentration levels of functional ingredients with antioxidant activity were significantly (p<0.05) positive.

Synthesis of Dithiolopyrrolone Derivatives and Their Leukocyte-Increasing Activities

Chungang Li,Yiping Sun,Guoping Wang,Xiangduan Tan 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.12

In search of new antileukopenia agents, twenty dithiolopyrrolone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their leukocyte-increasing activities in normal mice. Among the synthesized compounds 4-23, compounds 5 and 6 showed significant leukocyte-increasing activity ( p < 0.01), and compounds 4, 9 and 16 had a moderate effect ( p < 0.05). Compound 5 also displayed stronger leukocyte-increasing activity than that of the positive recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). Above all, compound 5 would be a potential antileukopenia agent which deserved further research.

Self-Healing and Shape Memory Linear Polyurethane Based on Disulfide Linkages with Excellent Mechanical Property

Lei Ling,Jinhui Li,Guoping Zhang,Rong Sun,Ching-Ping Wong 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.4

Self-healing polymeric materials have attracted extensively interests due to the ability to heal the damage autonomously. The self-healing systems based on dynamic disulfide bonds have been the most promising due to the efficient healing capacity at a mild condition. However, it is still of great challenge for designing the polymer with excellent mechanical and self-healing property by a simple synthetic route. Herein, a novel series of self-healing linear polyurethanes with the disulfide linkage as the grafting point were developed. The synthetic polymers all exhibited excellent mechanical properties (breaking strength and elongation at break were as much as 31.91 MPa and 1156% for PU-A). Meanwhile, the effects of different ratios of soft/hard segments on the mechanical properties and healing efficiencies have been investigated by stress-strain tests. The results showed that with the increase of soft segments contents, the breaking strength and elongation at break of the polymer improved significantly, while the healing efficiency and Young’s modulus showed a declining trend. The self-healing polyurethane can quickly restore its over 90% of mechanical property after healing at moderate temperature for 10 min. The cyclic tensile tests also showed the dissipated efficiencies and self-recovery abilities of the polymers. Finally, the recovery capability tests verified the shape memory effect in the polymers, which can replace an external force to accelerate the healing process.

Genetic algorithm‐based content distribution strategy for F‐RAN architectures

Xujie Li,Ziya Wang,Ying Sun,Siyuan Zhou,Yanli Xu,Guoping Tan 한국전자통신연구원 2019 ETRI Journal Vol.41 No.3

Fog radio access network (F‐RAN) architectures provide markedly improved performance compared to conventional approaches. In this paper, an efficient genetic algorithm‐based content distribution scheme is proposed that improves the throughput and reduces the transmission delay of a F‐RAN. First, an F‐RAN system model is presented that includes a certain number of randomly distributed fog access points (F‐APs) that cache popular content from cloud and other sources. Second, the problem of efficient content distribution in F‐RANs is described. Third, the details of the proposed optimal genetic algorithm‐based content distribution scheme are presented. Finally, simulation results are presented that show the performance of the proposed algorithm rapidly approaches the optimal throughput. When compared with the performance of existing random and exhaustive algorithms, that of the proposed method is demonstrably superior.

Ciceribacter ferrooxidans sp. nov., a nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium isolated from ferrous ion-rich sediment

Tongchu Deng,Youfen Qian,Xingjuan Chen,Xunan Yang,Jun Guo,Guoping Sun,Meiying Xu 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.5

A nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterial strain, F8825T, was isolated from the Fe(II)-rich sediment of an urban creek in Pearl River Delta, China. The strain was Gram-negative, facultative chemolithotrophic, facultative anaerobic, nonspore- forming, and rod-shaped with a single flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that it belongs to the genus Ciceribacter and is most closely related to C. lividus MSSRFBL1T (99.4%), followed by C. thiooxidans F43bT (98.8%) and C. azotifigens A.slu09T (98.0%). Fatty acid, polar lipid, respiratory quinone, and DNA G + C content analyses supported its classification in the genus Ciceribacter. Multilocus sequence analysis of concatenated 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII, gyrB, recA, and thrC suggested that the isolate was a novel species. DNA–DNA hybridization and genome sequence comparisons (90.88 and 89.86%, for values of ANIm and ANIb between strains F8825T with MSSRFBL1T, respectively) confirmed that strain F8825T was a novel species, different from C. lividus MSSRFBL1T, C. thiooxidans F43bT, and C. azotifigens A.slu09T. The physiological and biochemical properties of the strain, such as carbon source utilization, nitrate reduction, and ferrous ion oxidation, further supported that this is a novel species. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic results, strain F8825T was identified as a novel species in the genus Ciceribacter, for which the name Ciceribacter ferrooxidans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is F8825T (= CCTCC AB 2018196T = KCTC 62948T).

TGF-β1/IL-11/MEK/ERK signaling mediates senescence-associated pulmonary fibrosis in a stress-induced premature senescence model of Bmi-1 deficiency

Haiyun Chen,Jialong Liang,Xin Gu,Jiawen Zhou,Chunfeng Xie,Xianhui Lv,Rong Wang,Qing Liu,Zhiyuan Mao,Haijian Sun,Guoping Zuo,Dengshun Miao,Jianliang Jin 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

To study whether TGF-β1/IL-11/MEK/ERK (TIME) signaling mediates senescence-associated pulmonary fibrosis (SAPF) in Bmi-1-deficient (Bmi-1−/−) mice and determines the major downstream mediator of Bmi-1 and crosstalk between p16INK4a and reactive oxygen species that regulates SAPF, phenotypes were compared among 7-week-old p16INK4a and Bmi-1 double-knockout, N-acetylcysteine (NAC)-treated Bmi-1−/−, Bmi-1−/−, and wild-type mice. Pulmonary fibroblasts and alveolar type II epithelial (AT2) cells were used for experiments. Human pulmonary tissues were tested for type Ι collagen, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), p16INK4a, p53, p21, and TIME signaling by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results demonstrated that Bmi-1 deficiency resulted in a shortened lifespan, ventilatory resistance, poor ventilatory compliance, and SAPF, including cell senescence, DNA damage, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and collagen overdeposition that was mediated by the upregulation of TIME signaling. The signaling stimulated cell senescence, senescence-related secretion of TGF-β1 and IL-11 and production of collagen 1 by pulmonary fibroblasts and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of AT2 cells. These processes were inhibited by anti-IL-11 or the MEK inhibitor PD98059. NAC treatment prolonged the lifespan and ameliorated pulmonary dysfunction and SAPF by downregulating TIME signaling more than p16INK4a deletion by inhibiting oxidative stress and DNA damage and promoting ubiquitinproteasome degradation of p16INK4a and p53. Cytoplasmic p16INK4a accumulation upregulated MEK/ERK signaling by inhibiting the translocation of pERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in senescent fibroblasts. The accumulation of collagen 1 and α-SMA in human lungs accompanied by cell senescence may be mediated by TIME signaling. Thus, this signaling in aging fibroblasts or AT2 cells could be a therapeutic target for preventing SAPF.

Research Progress of the Structure Vibration-Attitude Coordinated Control of Spacecraft

Yang, Jingyu,Qu, Shiying,Lin, Jiahui,Liu, Zhiqi,Cui, Xuanming,Wang, Chu,Zhang, Dujiang,gu, Mingcheng,Sun, Zhongrui,Yang, Kang,Zhou, Lanwei,Chen, Guoping The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2015 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.16 No.4

This paper gives an overview of research on the field of structure vibration-attitude coordinated control of spacecraft. First of all, the importance of the technology has been given an introduction, and then later the research progress of space structure dynamics modeling, research progress of structure vibration-attitude coordinated control of flexible spacecraft have been discussed respectively. Finally, future research on application of structure vibration-attitude coordinated control of spacecraft has been recommended.