학습시간 단축을 위한 역전파 학습 알고리즘 개선

박수봉,박철웅 東新大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Multilayer neural networks are widely used in classification and recognition due to their ability to learn a range of complicated weights and map. These neural networks are studied and compared with gradient descent for learning with an arbitrary number of hidden units. In this paper, we propose a convergence speed improvement of back- propagation learning algorithm that is used to recognize license plates in vehicles. The proposed algorithm modifies weights by each learning conditions that is decided by (-) sign and (+) sign in weights between the hidden layer and the output layer. First, weights is modified by general back-propagation. And weights among each layers is redundantly modified by weights sign. Through the simulation results to recognize license plates in vehicles, we show that the learning algorithm is faster than BEP(Back-error propagation) in convergence speed. Therefore the learning algorithm is widely applied to image and speech recognition.

유동층 생물반응기의 구조변화에 따른 하수처리

박종만,이재용,김철경,고창웅,김남기 대한상하수도학회 2004 상하수도학회지 Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the biofilm reactors capable of doing high efficiency treatment. Vertical fluidized bed biofilm reactor(VFBBR) and spiral fluidized bed biofilm reactor(SFBBR) was used for their performence in biodegradation of artificial sewage. The factors influencing the efficiency of those reactors were compared with difference of physical condition. They had same size but different structure to gain access of its unique characteristics. When recycle solution with flow rate of 22 mL/min and artificial sewage with flow rate of 2-10 mL/min were fed into two reactors in aerobic state, the average COD, removal rate for biodegradation of SFBBR was greater than VFBBR. After reactor feed sewage was constantly maintained as flow rate of 4 rnL/min and the recycle solution were changed to 10-32 mL/min respectively, the average COD,, removal rate of artificial sewage in SFBBR was greater than VFBBR. In this experiment for addition of support media into two reactors SFBBR was 4.1% excellent than VFBBR. Above all, SFBBR excelled VWBR in boidegradation of organic matter in sewage.

文化財 景觀 保存을 위한 移入要素 規制에 관한 硏究

박강철,김재웅,신웅주 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2003 建設技術硏究 Vol.23 No.1

This study is to examine the degree of damages for the view of cultural properties, extract the validity of control methods of import elements and suggest the preservation method of view of cu1tural properties. For these, it evaluates and analyzes the views of cultural properties in Hwasun-gun, suggests the preservation methods through computer simulation and the conclusions are as follows. First, it is suggested that the degree of satisfaction is generally low and the need of control is high. Second, the highest correlations to traditionality are aesthetics and harmony and to keep the traditionality, control of import elements against harmony should be accompanied. Third, control methods of import elements are based on that unnecessary view should be removed and in case that it is difficult it should be moved to a place not to be found easily or concealed. In addition, it can be considered that materials of import elements should be changed into traditional materials or colors should be changed simply.

인터넷뱅킹 서비스품질의 구성요인에 관한 탐색적 고찰

박준철,이웅규 대구대학교 경제경영연구소 2002 경제경영연구 Vol.1 No.2

본 연구는 인터넷뱅킹 금융상품과 서비스의 품질 요인을 구성하고 있는 주요 속성을 살펴보기 위해 문헌연구를 통해 인터넷 뱅킹 서비스품질 속성을 고찰하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 문헌연구를 통해 인터넷뱅킹 서비스품질에 대한 속성을 살펴본 결과 고객 서비스품질, 온라인 시스템품질, 은행서비스 금융상품품질 등의 세 개의 분류를 통해 인터넷뱅킹 서비스품질의 주요 구성 요인이 모두 19개의 차원으로 구성되어져 있음을 제시하였다. 즉, 고개 서비스품질 차원은 ① 신뢰성 ② 응답성 ③ 능력 ④ 예절 ⑤ 신뢰 ⑥ 접근가능성 ⑦ 커뮤니케이션 ⑧ 고객에 대한 이해 ⑨ 협조 ⑩ 지속적 개선차원으로, 온라인 시스템품질 차원은 ① 컨텐츠 ② 정확성 ③ 사용용이성 ④ 적시성 ⑤ 심미성 ⑥안전성 ⑦ 편의성 ⑧ 비용절감차원으로, 은행 서비스 금융상품품질 차원은 상품 다양성과 상품 특성의 차원으로 구분하였다.

블럭탐색 제어를 이용한 프랙탈 영상 부호화 시간 향상과 컬러 영상에의 응용

박철우,정동웅,김태형,김두영 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1996 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.1

In this paper, in order to reduce block search area during the process to determine the coefficient of IFS transform equation in Fractal Coding, We performed the following steps : First, We partitioned Domain blocks and Range blocks with certain critical point determined by the edge characteristcs and the direction of brightness. When similar block's detected, the Domain block in the same class of the given range was only searched. Second, When the processing is on, We determined the linear list structure with the second error limit, We, therefore, could control coding time, We tryed to improve the compression rate of the Image with reducing the number of times of tranformation by changing the area of block with Quadtree Partitioning, and also tried to progress the fidelity of the image by changing the search density of search area, according to the magnitude of range block. We applied these method to image compression of 24-bpp color. First of all, after converting the RGB coordinate into YIQ Coordinate which has brightness signal and chrominance signal, We minimized by a quarter and coded I,Q signal which implies the information of the color but takes just small part at image information and on the case of decoding, with linear interpolation method we got I,Q signal enlarged as it was. All throughout these processing, We could find out that There are no damages on the original image, and we are able to make better result on compression rate and fidelity of image comparing with those of conventional Fractal Coding method which was applied to the RGB images.

광주·전남지역 재실의 건축적 특성에 관한 연구

박강철,이상선,신웅주 조선대학교 지역사회발전연구원 2003 地域發展硏究 Vol.8 No.1

This study is to examine the actual conditions of the houses built for ancestral rites in Jeonnam region with them located at Hwasun-gun, Jangseong-gun and Gwangsan-gu in Jeonnam through the process of literature survey, measurement and analysis. The results of this study are as follows. It is found that the location of the houses built for ancestral rites is mostly found at mountain in back of the village, followed by inside and back of the village. According to the period, it was built distant from the village earlier and it was difficult to approach them and was closed space for family, but it has been opened and generalized to the public people because it was built back or inside the village. The location of the houses built for ancestral was mostly 二-letter type, followed by 一-letter type. 一-letter type can be classified according to the number of rooms. The three rooms type has the basic type of "R1-F-R2〔WVF〕", extra type of "R1(Rs)-F-R2(Rs)〔WVF〕" and division type of "R1/Rs-F-R2/Rs〔WVF〕". the four rooms type has the basic type of "R1-F-F-R2〔WVF〕", extra type of "R1/Rs-F-F-R2/Rs〔WVF〕", division type of "R1(Rs)-F-F-R2〔WVF〕" and other type of "R1(Rs)-F-F-R2/Rs〔WVF〕". The five rooms type has four types such as the basic types of "R1-F-F-F-R2〔WVF〕", "S-R1-F-F-F-R2〔WVF, WVL〕", the extra type of "R1/Rs-R/FH-F-F-R2〔WVF〕" and the division type of "R1/Rs-R/R-F-F-R2〔WVF〕".

생활폐기물의 배출원별 발생량 및 질적 특성

박종웅,권기홍,박상철,유호원,이학영 경산대학교(대구한의과대학) 1998 環境硏究 Vol.3 No.1

This study aims to investigate generation and physicochemical characteristics of Municipal Solid Wastes(MSW) generated from different sources in Kyungju. The source are apartments(low, high-rise), single family houses(centra1, outer), traditional market, office(city hall), factory, school, Park. The unit waste discharge rate of residential MSW excluding recyclable solid wastes was 0.47 kg/(capita . day). The maximum coefficients of variation for month and season were 1.23, 1.17, respectively. The bulk density of solid wastes was largely different for each sampling site, and the bulk densities of apartment district, single family house district and public area were 232㎏/m, 247kg/m, 170kg/m, respectively. The load factory of vehicle was 457kg/m. The percentage of combustible material to solid wastes was 86.5%. The physical compositions of solid wastes were food of 36.2%, Paper of 32.3%, plastic of 11.9%, glass of 6.5%, metal of 4.6%, textile of 3.0%, rubber of 1.8% and wood of 1.3%. The proximate analysis results of solid wastes showed moisture of 45.7%, volatile solids of 45.2%, and ash of 9.1%. In case of moisture content, the maximum value showed 66.7% in high-rise apartment district and the minimum value 14.0% in school district. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine contents of combustible solid wastes were 48.4%, 7.0%, 25.9%, 1.3%, 0.2% and 0.4%, respectively. The low heating values of combustible solid wastes were 1,365 ~ 2,896kca1/kg (average 1,892kca1/kg) in residential area and 1,200∼3,878kca1/kg (average 2,178kca1/kg) in public area. Especially, the generation rate and the moisture content of residential MSW separating food wastes decreased 2.7 and 1.7 times and the low heating increased 2.1 times in apartment district.

영암댐의 어도를 이용하는 회유성 어류 자원의 계절적 변화 연구

오철웅,황종서,박경양,송태곤 木浦大學校 沿岸環境硏究所 1999 沿岸環境硏究 Vol.16 No.1

영암호 통선겸용 갑문식 어도에서 총 30회의 어류 조사 결과 줄공치, 웅어, 숭어, 빙어, 전어 등 총 25종이 출현하였다. 어도의 출현 종은 계절별로 종조성, 개체수, 생체량에 있어서 크게 변동하는 것을 보여 주었다. 월별 총출현 종수는 6월에 12종으로 가장 많은 종이 출현하였으며, 다음으로 7, 8, 9월에 11종, 10월에 10종이었으며, 11월에 6종, 4월과 5월에 각각 5종으로 가장 적은 종수의 출현하였다. 종다양도지수 또한 6월에 1.048로 가장 높았으며, 11월에 0.346으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 출현종의 개체수는 봄철이후로 전반적인 감소 경향을 보여 주었으며, 주요 우점종의 전체 개체수는 줄공치, 웅어, 빙어, 숭어의 순으로 나타났다. 생체량도 개체수의 변화와 마찬가지로 봄철이후로 전반적인 감소 경향을 보여 주었으며, 주요 우점종에 대한 전체 비율를 보면 웅어, 줄공치, 빙어, 숭어의 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 영암호 통선겸용 갑문식 어도에서 어도 이용 생물의 종조성, 개체수 및 생체량의 뚜렷한 계절적인 변화 (temporal variation)를 관찰 할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 계절별로 다양한 종들이 그들의 생활사의 일부 기간에 어도를 효과적으로 이용하고 있다는 것을 반영해 주었다. 우점종의 한종인 줄공치의 체장빈도분포 분석결과 줄공치는 두개의 연급군으로 이루어져 있으며, 두번째 연급군이 탁월 연급군이었다. 가입은 주로 여름철 (8월과 9월)에 일어났다. 이러한 결과는 줄공치가 치어기부터 성어기까지 어도를 이용하고 있다는 것을 지적해 주고 있다. Investigations were made on the temporal changes in species composition and species diversity, number of individuals and biomass of fishes in the fish way constructed at Young-am Dam. During the sampling period total 25 species were observed. Of these, dominant species were Hemiramphus kurumaeus, Coilia ectenes, Mugil cephalus, and Hypomesus olidus. Number of species was the most numerous in June (12) and the least in April and May (5). Similar results were found in the species diversity index (H'), which was 1.048 in June and 0.346 in November. There were variations in number of Individuals and biomass of fishes in the fish way, showing a gradual decline from summer to Autumn. This suggests that a variety of adult and larval fishes utilized in the fish way as a channel of migration in relation to their life history. Number of individuals (percentage of total number) was in the order of Hemiramphus kurumaeus (63%), Coilia ectenes (17%), Hypomesus olidus (15%), Mugil cephalus (5%) and biomass (percentage of total biomass) in the order of Coilia ectenes (51%), Hemiramphus kurumaeus (35%), Hypomesus olidus (7%), Mugil cephalus (4%). For one of the dominant species, Hemiramphus kurumaeus, length-frequency distribution showed that it consisted of two cohorts, with predominance in the 2nd cohort and recruitment occurred mainly in August and September, indicating utilization of fish way at various stages during its life history.

人蔘이 自然發生高血壓쥐에 있어서 血壓 및 血漿 Renin 活性度에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的 硏究

孫宜錫,朴陞哲,許鳳烈,李禎均,林憲吉,咸駿洙,梁忠模,韓哲洙,朴贊雄,金海中 대한의학협회 1979 대한의학협회지 Vol.22 No.9

취약계층지역을 위한 건강증진센터 운영방안

신형철,박웅섭 關東大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 2004 關東醫大學術誌 Vol.8 No.2

The study is conducted to plan the health promotion center for the poor districts. We conducted the diagnosis of community for the health problems and set the priority of the needs for the health promotion by the basic priority rating(BPR), and developed the plan. Considering results of diagnosis of community and BPR, we selected the Jumunjin, and Seongdeok district for the subject of the health promotion programs. And we developed the details of health promotion programs for exercise, nutrition, smoking & alcohol, and stress.