In-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI admitted during off hours

( Sung-Soo Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Jeong Gwan Cho ),( Young Keun Ahn ),( Jong Hyun Kim ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Young Jo Kim ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( In Whan Seong ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Dong-hoon Choi 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Conflicting results exist on the outcome of off hours PCI in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, there were only a few studies that have focused on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of off hours PCI in STEMI. So, we studied the clinical characteristics and hospital mortality in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI during regular hours (weekdays 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM) versus off hours Weekdays 6:01 PM to 8:59 AM, weekends, and holidays) in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. We analyzed in hospital and one year mortality among 5,665 consecutive ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary PCI between November 2005 to January 2008. Total 2,848 (50.2%) patients were treated during off hours. Baseline finding were similar, although regular hours patients were older. Median symptom to balloon time (304 min, IQR 175 to 750 vs. 270 min, IQR 145 to 551, p=0.001) were longer for regular hours primary PCI. Median door to balloon time (71min, IQR: 48 to 132 vs. 59 min, IQR 39 to 110 min, p=0.001) were longer for off hours pPCI. Also, Cardiac enzyme such as Max CK-MB (212.1±299.3 vs 194.7±303.4, p=0.031) and max TnI (72.6±239.5 vs. 58.9±94.4, p=0.013) were increased in off hours pPCI. However, unadjusted in hospital (6.0% off hours vs. 6.0% regular hours, p=0.946) and one year cardiac mortality (11.3% off hours vs. 11.7% regular hours, p=0.661) were comparable. In multivariate analysis, off hours primary PCI did not predict an adverse outcome. In conclusion, when primary PCI was performed within an appropriate reperfusion strategy, the clinical effectiveness of either off hours or regular hours pPCI is comparable.

Efficient determination of combined hardening parameters for structural steel materials

Sang Whan Han,Jungho Hyun,EunSeon Cho,Kihak Lee 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.42 No.5

Structural materials can experience large plastic deformation under extreme cyclic loading that is caused by events like earthquakes. To evaluate the seismic safety of a structure, accurate numerical material models should be used. For a steel structure, the cyclic strain hardening behavior of structural steel should be correctly modeled. In this study, a combined hardening model, consisting of one isotropic hardening model and three nonlinear kinematic hardening models, was used. To determine the values of the combined hardening model parameters efficiently and accurately, the improved opposition-based particle swarm optimization (iOPSO) model was adopted. Low-cycle fatigue tests were conducted for three steel grades commonly used in Korea and their modeling parameters were determined using iOPSO, which was first developed in Korea. To avoid expensive and complex low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests for determining the combined hardening model parameter values for structural steel, empirical equations were proposed for each of the combined hardening model parameters based on the LCF test data of 21 steel grades collected from this study. In these equations, only the properties obtained from the monotonic tensile tests are required as input variables.

Design and optimization of two-bit double-gate nonvolatile memory cell for highly reliable operation

Cho, Seongjae,Park, Il Han,Kim, Tae Hun,Sim, Jae Sung,Song, Ki-Whan,Lee, Jong Duk,Shin, Hyungcheol,Park, Byung-Gook IEEE 2006 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY Vol.5 No.3

In this paper, characterization and optimization have been performed on the 2-b floating-gate-type nonvolatile memory (NVM) cell based on a double-gate (DG) MOSFET structure using two-dimensional numerical simulation. The thickness and the difference of charge amount between programmed and erased states are found to be the crucial factors that put the NVM cell operation under optimum condition. Under fairly good conditions, the silicon thickness can reach below 30 nm while suppressing the read disturbance level within 1 V. With these results, operating schemes are investigated for both NAND - and NOR-type memory cells. This paper is based on simulation works which can give a reasonable intuition in flash memory operation. Although we adopted a floating-gate-type device since the exact modeling of Si<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB> used for the storage node is absent in the current numerical simulator, this helps to predict the operation of an oxide-nitride-oxide dielectric flash memory cell at a good degree.

Direct Comparison between Brachial Pressure Obtained by Oscillometric Method and Central Pressure Using Invasive Method

Sang-Ho Park,Seung-Jin Lee,Jae Yun Kim,Min Jeong Kim,Ji Yeon Lee,A-Ra Cho,Hyeok-Gyu Lee,Se-Whan Lee,Won-Yong Shin,Dong-Kyu Jin 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2011 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.17 No.2

Objective: The importance of central blood pressure evaluation for cardiovascular risk stratification has been emphasized. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether brachial blood pressure obtained by the oscillometric method accurately reflects central blood pressure. Methods: The subjects consisted of 84 consecutive patients with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent cardiac catheterization. Central blood pressure was invasively measured in the origin of the left subclavian artery by using the fluid-filled system, and at the same time, brachial blood pressure in the left upper arm was measured by the oscillometric method. Results: No significant difference was found between central systolic pressure and brachial systolic pressure (144.49±18.84 mmHg vs. 142.44±14.96 mmHg, P=0.063). Bland-Altman analysis accounted for only a small bias of +2.25 mmHg, and the limits of agreement were 24.15 mmHg and -19.65 mmHg. Central diastolic pressure was significantly lower than brachial diastolic pressure (75.80± 8.74 mmHg vs. 86.70±10.48 mmHg, P<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed a significant bias of -5.45 mmHg, and the limits of agreement were 2.83 mmHg and -13.73 mmHg. Conclusion: These results indicate that central systolic pressure can be directly estimated from brachial systolic pressure using the noninvasive oscillometric method and observed biases seem to remain within the practical range. However, use of the brachial diastolic pressure and pulse pressure measured by the noninvasive oscillometric method is doubtful in clinical practice because of their large biases.

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition of Calcium Carbonate Using Danyang Limestone

Cho, Sang Hwan,Joo, Sung Min,Cho, Jin Sang,Yu, Young Hwan,Ahn, Ji Whan,Han, Choon,Kim, Hwan Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2006 Materials science forum Vol.510 No.-

<P>Non-isothermal behaviors of calcium carbonate using Danyang limestone were investigated. It was attempted to provide non-isothermal data with a precision sufficient for the determination of reliable decomposition behaviors and for the estimation of accurate kinetic parameter. The decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate on the onset, peak and final point were measured. Reaction rate was decreased and maximum reaction temperature was increased with increasing heating rate. Activation energy of Danyang limestone was 45.14㎉/㏖ and 50.80㎉/ ㏖ by Kissinger method and Freeman method, respectively.</P>

Histopathological changes of testes and eyes by neutron irradiation with boron compounds in mice

Sung-Whan Cho,Yeon-Joo Kim,Won-Ki Yoon,,SI-Yun Ryu,Ki-Jung Chun,손화영 대한수의학회 2006 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.7 No.1

The recovery effect of polyacetylene constituents from Acanthopanax senticosus extracts on hepatic injury in dogs

Cho, Sung-nam,Liu, Jianzhu,Jun, Hyung-kyou,Cho, Sung-whan,Chang, Kyu-seob,Kim, Seong-ju,Kim, Young-hee,Yang, Hyo-jin,Kim, Duck-hwan The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.3

The present study was performed to clarify the recovery effect of polyacetylene constituents from Acanthopanax senticosus ethanol extracts on $CCl_4$-induced acute hepatic injury in dogs. Sixteen clinically healthy dogs were divided into the control group (six dogs), and experimental group I (three dogs), II (three dogs) and III (four dogs). Acute hepatic injury was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml/kg $CCl_4$ solution ($CCl_4$ : olive oil = 1 : 1) after sterilization. The control group was orally administered with 10 ml of corn oil, and experimental groups I, II and III were orally administered with extracts of A. senticosus at the dose of 5, 10 and 30 mg/kg in 10 ml corn oil for seven consecutive days at 24 h after $CCl_4$ injection. We assessed changes occurring in serum ALT, AST and GGT activities on the pre, day 0, day 1, day 2, day 3, day 5 and day 7, together with the histopathological findings. In experimental group I, the significant changes in serum ALT activities were found on day 5 (p<0.05) and day 7 (p<0.05), compared with those in the control group. However, significant differences were not found in the changes of serum AST and GGT activities. In experimental group II, significant changes were found on day 2 (p<0.05), day 3(p<0.05), day 5 (p<0.05) and day 7 (p<0.05) in serum ALT activities, on day 1 (p<0.05) in serum AST, and on day 2 (p<0.05) and day 3 (p<0.05) in serum GGr activities, respectively. In experimental group III, the changes in serum ALT, AST and GGT activities were not significant. In the histopathological evaluation, experimental group I and II showed much improvement, while experimental group III became worse when compared with the control group. Based on the results of the present study, it was concluded that low dose (below 10 mg/kg) administration of polyacetylene constituents from A. senticosus ethanol extracts was effective for recovery of acute hepatic injury induced by $CCl_4$ in dogs.

Alcohol, NAFLD, Other : Carbohydrate and Simple Sugar Consumption is related with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

( Sang Bong Ahn ),( Yun Ju Jo ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Eun Chul Jang ),( Se Whan Lee ),( Ki Tae Suk ),( Seung Min Lee ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by accumulation of fat in the liver. There is no approved therapy for NAFLD. Fruit, vegetables, high fiber foods and reduced intakes of saturated fats may be universally recommended to NAFLD patients. But, the effect of carbohydrate and simple sugar that is main diet in Korean for the treatment of NAFLD has not been carefully evaluated. We examined the relation of carbohydrate, simple sugar and steatohepatitis by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), laboratory findings and ultrosonography. Methods: Five hundred and thirteen patient who take a medical examination enrolled this study. All patients do the FFQ for measuring the amount of carbohydrate and simple sugar in diet. We measured the BMI (height and weight), abdomen ultrasonography, AST/ALT, r-GTP, albumin, bilirubin, glucose and cholesterol level. We categorize the patient according to ultrasonography findings, ALT, and amount of carbohydrate and simple sugar intake. Results: In comparison with the lower one third carbohydrate group (<257 g/day), upper one third carbohydrate group (>307 g/day) shows increased number of elevated serum ALT patients (25.4% to 41.9%, P=0.09). Similarly, upper one third simple sugar consumption group (>60 g/day) have more elevated serum ALT patients compared with lower one third group (<25 g/day) (21.4% to 40.5%, P=0.04). A significant increase of elevated ALT group was observed in upper one third carbohydrate (OR=0.48, P=0.04) and simple sugar consumption group (OR=0.38, P=0.04). NAFLD was established by presence of ultrasonographic findings is significantly increased in upper one third carbohydrate and upper one third simple sugar group in women (OR=0.26, P=0.008). Conclusions: NAFLD and elevated serum ALT patients is increased as more consumption of carbohydrate and simple sugar. Low carbohydrate and low simple sugar diet could improve the NAFLD.

Efficient Segmentation for Left Atrium With Convolution Neural Network Based on Active Learning in Late Gadolinium Enhancement Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cho Yongwon,Cho Hyungjoon,Shim Jaemin,Choi Jong-Il,Kim Young-Hoon,Kim Namkug,Oh Yu-Whan,Hwang Sung Ho 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.36

Background: To propose fully automatic segmentation of left atrium using active learning with limited dataset in late gadolinium enhancement in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-CMRI). Methods: An active learning framework was developed to segment the left atrium in cardiac LGE-CMRI. Patients (n = 98) with atrial fibrillation from the Korea University Anam Hospital were enrolled. First, 20 cases were delineated for ground truths by two experts and used for training a draft model. Second, the 20 cases from the first step and 50 new cases, corrected in a human-in-the-loop manner after predicting using the draft model, were used to train the next model; all 98 cases (70 cases from the second step and 28 new cases) were trained. An additional 20 LGE-CMRI were evaluated in each step. Results: The Dice coefficients for the three steps were 0.85 ± 0.06, 0.89 ± 0.02, and 0.90 ± 0.02, respectively. The biases (95% confidence interval) in the Bland-Altman plots of each step were 6.36% (−14.90–27.61), 6.21% (−9.62–22.03), and 2.68% (−8.57–13.93). Deep active learning-based annotation times were 218 ± 31 seconds, 36.70 ± 18 seconds, and 36.56 ± 15 seconds, respectively. Conclusion: Deep active learning reduced annotation time and enabled efficient training on limited LGE-CMRI.

Fabrication and Photion Detection Simulation of Nb/Al Superconducting Tunnel Junction

Sung-Ik Cho,Sug-Whan Kim,Jang-Hyun Park,Young-Sik Park,Yong-Ho Lee,Sang-Kil Lee,Wonyong Han 한국천문학회 2005 天文學會報 Vol.30 No.1