자체시험(Self-Testing) 특성 비교기(Comparator)설계와 응용에 관한 연구

정용운(Chung Yong Woon),김현기(Kim Hyun Ki),양성현(Yang Sung Hyun),이기서(Lee Key Seo) 한국철도학회 1998 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

This paper presents the implementation of comparator which is self-testing with respect to the faults caused by any single physical defect likely to occur in NMOS and CMOS integrated circuit. The goal is to use it for the fault-tolerant system. First, a new fault model for PLA(Programmable Logic Array) is presented. This model reflects several physical defects in VLSI circuits. It focuses on the designs based on PLA because VLSI chips are far too complex to allow detailed analysis of all the possible physical defects that can occur and of the effects on the operation of the circuit. Second, this paper shows that these design, which has been implemented with 2 level AND_ORor NOR-NOR circuit, are optimal in term of size. And it also presents a formal proof that a comparator implemented using NOR-NOR PLA, based on these design, is self-testing with respect to most single faults in the presented fault model. Finally, it discusses the application of the self-testing comparator as a building block for the implementation of the fault-tolerant system.

퍼지 추론과 뉴럴 네트워크를 이용한 색청 공감각의 모델링 및 스마트폰 앱 구현

정용운(Yong-Woon Jeong),박승민(Sung-Min Park),심귀보(Kwee-Bo Sim) 한국지능시스템학회 2020 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.30 No.2

공감각이란 하나의 물리적 자극으로 두 가지 이상의 감각이 발현되는 현상을 말하며 많은 사람들이 일상에서 공감각을 경험한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 공감각들 중 소리를 들으면 색을 보는 색청 공감각(Colored-Hearing Synesthesia)의 모델링과 그 반대로 색에서 소리를 얻는 모델을 제안한다. 먼저 기존의 색청 연구 자료를 기반으로 퍼지 추론을 이용하여 음에서 색을 추론하는 색청 공감각 모델을 구현하였으며, 다음에 뉴럴 네트워크를 이용하여 다양한 악기의 음에 따른 색을 매핑한다. 마지막으로 제안된 모델을 이용하여 시각정보를 특정 악기의 음으로 손쉽게 변환할 수 있는 스마트폰 앱을 제작하였다. 이러한 색청 공감각의 모델링은 다양의 장르의 음악에서 시각정보를, 다양한 미술에서 청각정보를 보완해 줄 수 있으며, 시계열 정보인 음악을 한 장의 시각정보(그림)로 매핑할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 또한 본 연구의 결과는 향후 시각정보(풍경 또는 사진)의 입력으로 음악(작곡)을, 음악을 입력으로 그림을 창조해 낼 수 있는 창의적인 인공지능 시스템을 만들어 낼 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Synesthesia is a phenomenon in which two or more senses are expressed by one physical stimulus, and many people experience synesthesia in everyday life. In this study, we proposed a model of colored-hearing synesthesia where the color is shown when the sound is heard and vice versa. First, we implemented a color auditory synesthesia model that infers colors from sound using fuzzy inference based on the existing research materials for color education, and then uses neural nets to map colors according to the sounds of various instruments. Lastly, using the proposed model, we made a smartphone app that can easily convert visual information into the sound of a specific instrument. The modeling of color hearing synesthesia can complement visual information in various genres of music and auditory information in various arts, and it is thought that music, time series information, can be mapped to a single visual information (picture). In addition, the results of this study are expected to be able to create a creative artificial intelligence system that can create music (composition) as the input of visual information (landscape or photo) and pictures using music as the input.

개척자 기반 새로운 최적화 알고리즘: POA (Pioneer-inspired Optimization Algorithm)

정용운(Yong-Woon Jeong),박승민(Seung-Min Park),심귀보(Kwee-Bo Sim) 한국지능시스템학회 2021 한국지능시스템학회논문지 Vol.31 No.6

메타-휴리스틱 알고리즘 분야는 Evolutionary algorithm 분야로 시작하여 지금은 다양한 분야를 사용하는 새로운 메타-휴리스틱 알고리즘들이 발표되고 있다. 이렇게 발표된 메타-휴리스틱 알고리즘 중 초기에 발표된 주요 알고리즘은 수행 중에 얻은 지역 해를 중심으로 하여 새로운 해를 찾아가는 것을 기본으로 한다. 이러한 메타-휴리스틱 알고리즘의 가장 큰 문제는 하나의 지역 해를 중심으로 새로운 해를 찾으려고 할 경우 전역해를 찾지 못하는 문제가 발생할 수 있다는 것이다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 해 후보들이 한점으로 수렴되는 요소를 사용하는 탐색 방식의 역으로, 하나의 해에서 점차 멀어지는 방향으로 주요 해 탐색을 수행하는 메타-휴리스틱 최적화 알고리즘을 제안한다. 우리는 이 알고리즘을 Pioneer-inspired Optimization Algorithm으로 명명하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 알고리즘에 사용된 각 매개변수의 역할을 설명하고, 다른 유명한 메타-휴리스틱 알고리즘과의 비교를 하여 기존의 알고리즘에 비해 새로운 알고리즘이 더 좋은 결과를 냄을 보였다. The field of meta-heuristic algorithms started with evolutionary algorithms, and now new meta-heuristic algorithms using various fields are being announced. Among the meta-heuristic algorithms announced in this way, the main algorithm announced at the beginning is based on finding a new solution based on the local solution obtained during execution. For this reason, the biggest problem with meta-heuristic algorithms is that when trying to find a new solution based on one local solution, the problem of not finding a global solution may occur. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm that performs the main solution search in a direction that gradually moves away from one solution, in the reverse of the search method that uses elements where the solution candidates converge to one point. We named this algorithm the Pioneer-inspired Optimization Algorithm. The role of each parameter used in the algorithm proposed in this paper is explained and compared with other famous meta-heuristic algorithms, and it is shown that the new algorithm has better results than the existing algorithm.

요양보호사의 직무 스트레스, 직무환경특성이 이직 의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

정용운(Yong-Woon, Jung),전태숙(Tea-Suk, Jun) 21세기사회복지학회 2020 21세기사회복지연구 Vol.17 No.2

본 연구는 장기요양시설에 근무하는 요양보호사의 직무 스트레스와 직무환경특성이 요양보호사의 이직 의도에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여, 서울특별시 양천구 등 5개 구에 소재하는 노인요양시설 및 재가시설에 근무하는 요양보호사 200명을 SPSS V. 25.0으로 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인요양시설 요양보호사의 개인적 특성에 따른 직무 스트레스의 차이는 소득에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 반면에 성별, 학력, 연령, 종교, 결혼에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 직무환경은 직무 스트레스를 받으면, 근무경력이 많을수록 이직 의도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직무 스트레스에서 대인관계, 역할부담, 조직체계의 순으로 이직 의도에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of job stress and work environment characteristics of caregivers working in the long-term care facilities on their turnover intentions.The survey was conducted of 230 caregivers working at elderly care facilities and home care facilities in Yangcheon-gu, Gangseo-gu, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Eunpyeong-gu, Seodaemun-gu from May 10, 2020 to June 10, 2020 to collect data for the research. Excluding the 30 respondents who marked the same number for the entire survey or responded unfaithfully, the result of the analysis of the 200 caregivers who responded to the survey faithfully with SPSS v 25.0 are as follows.First, there was a significant difference in job stress level depending on the individual characteristics based on the caregiver’s income. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in job stress level based on the gender, academic background, age, religion, or marriage status. The amount of job stress level depending on the work environment characteristics showed significant differences based on the work experience, working hours, and motivation, but not based on the job positions. Second, the turnover intentions based on individual characteristics resulted from significant differences in income level. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in turnover intentions based on the gender, age, academic background, religion, or marriage status. The turnover intentions according to the characteristics of the work environment showed significant differences in work experience, working hours, and motivation. However, there were no significant differences in turnover intentions based on the job positions.

Phase Transfer Polymerization. Two Phase Polycondensation of Diphenoxides and 1,6-Dibromohexane in the Presence of Tetrabutylammonium Bromide

진정일,정용운,이광섭,정근우,Jung-Il Jin,Yong-Woon Jung,Kwang-Sup Lee,Keun-Woo Chung Korean Chemical Society 1979 대한화학회지 Vol.23 No.4

수용액상에 존재하는 2,2-비스(4-히드록시페닐)프로판, 황화비스(4-히드록시페닐) 및 비스(4-히드록시페닐)술폰의 음이온과 니트로벤젠속에 존재하는 1,6-디브르모헥산을 브롬화테트라부틸 암모늄을 상이동 촉매로 사용하여 반응시켜 새로운 폴리에테르를 합성하였다. 중합속도는 교반속도와 촉매량에 의존하였으나 어느정도 이상에서는 영향을 받지 않았다. 분배실험으로 부터 친수성 음이온이 촉매에 의하여 니트로벤젠 층으로 상이동함을 확증하였으며 일부 중합체의 본성점성도 (0.09∼0.16), 수평균분자량 (2400∼4800) 및 열안정성등을 조사하였다. 이와같은 중합 메카니즘은 소위 interfacial polymerization의 메카니즘과 다르며, 이를 구별하기 위하여 "상이동 중합''(phase transfer polymerization) 이란 용어를 사용할 것을 제안한다. Linear polyethers were prepared by the reaction of diphenoxide anions from 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, bis (4-hydroxylphenyl) sulfide, and bis (khydroxyphenyl) sulfone with 1,6-dibromohexane in aqueous/nitrobenzene heterogeneous phases. Tetrabutylammonium bromide was employed as a phase transfer catalyst. The polymerizations were dependent both on stirring speed and catalyst level, but only up to certain maximum values. Distribution studies demonstrated transference of diphenoxide anions from aqueous phase into nitrobenzene in the presence of the catalyst. Some of polymers were characterized with respect to their intrinsic viscosities (0.09-O.16), number average molecular weight (2400-4800)) and thermal properties. The use of a new terminology, 'phase transfer polymerization?, is proposed to differentiate this type of polymerizations from interfacial polycondensations.

한국 기후변화산업의 국민 경제적 파급효과

정태용(Tae Yong Jung),강성진(Sung Jin Kang),정용운(Yong Woon Chung) 에너지경제연구원 2015 에너지경제연구 Vol.14 No.1

오늘날 지구가 직면한 기후변화에 대응하고 동시에 경제발전을 지속하기 위해 기존의 화석연료 중심의 경제발전에서 탈피하여 새로운 경제발전 패러다임으로의 전환이 요구된다. 본 연구는 기존의 신재생에너지 산업 중심에서 탈피하여 기후변화산업을 새로이 정의하고 이 산업에 대한 투자가 과연 비(非)기후변화산업에 대한 투자에 비해 더욱 큰 경제적 효과를 볼 수 있는지에 대해 2009년 산업연관표를 통해 분석했다. 외생화 모형에 의한 분석 결과에 따르면 기후변화산업은 비기후변화산업에 비해 생산, 부가가치, 취업유발효과에 있어서 파급효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기후변화산업에 대한 투자는 비기후변화산업에 대한 투자보다 상대적으로 경제성장에 더 큰 기여를 할 것임을 보여 준다. 또한 기후변화산업은 전방연관효과는 높은 반면 후방연관효과는 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 종합하면, 경기침체기의 신성장동력으로서 기후변화산업을 집중 육성하여 기후변화 대응과 경제성장 목표를 동시에 달성할 수 있을 것으로 전망한다. Countries have recognized the need to shift towards a new paradigm that helps both address climate change and sustain economic development. This paper newly defines the climate change industry which is different from the current definition of renewable energy industries, and compares the economic effect of investment of the climate change industry with the non-climate change industry using the 2009 Input-Output Table. The findings of the model under exogenous specification suggest that production, value-added, and worker inducing effects for the climate change industry are greater than others. Meanwhile, the forward linkage effect of the climate change industry is greater, but the backward linkage effect is smaller than that of others. Therefore, it is expected that developing the climate change industry as a new growth engine will help respond to climate change and achieve growth targets during recession.

송전용 실리콘 폴리머애자의 산불영향 신뢰성 평가( I )

최인혁,이동일,정용운,유근양,Choi, In-Hyuk,Lee, Dong-Il,Chung, Yong-Woon,Yu, Kun-Yang 한국전기전자재료학회 2004 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.17 No.11

Most overhead transmission lines in Korea run over the mountain; however, only little study has been made for the effect of mountain fire on polymeric insulator for transmission lines, though the study is significantly required, Therefore, in this study, the authors observed the deformation of the sheds of the insulator under fire, varying the ignition time using artificial ignition testing equipment, and investigated electrical and mechanical characteristics of the insulator through dry withstand voltage test, impulse flashover test and tensile load test. As the results of the tests, the following conclusions were obtained, First, when the insulator was subjected to the fire, the electrical characteristics were slightly reduced, but there was no change on the mechanical characteristics, Secondly, the sheds and sheath of the insulator were not non-flammable but less-flammable. These two results show the high mechanical stability and durability of the insulator under severe fire condition, though the electrical characteristics can be deteriorated as the time that the insulator is subjected to fire, goes by.

실험계획법을 이용한 오일미스트 조건에서의 절삭특성

김상민(Sang-Min Kim),정용운(Yong-Woon Chung),김주현(Joo-Hyun Kim) 한국생산제조학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Recently, environmental problems have been occured frequently in manufacturing industry and many researches have been investigated in order to preserve the environment. Environmental1y conscious machining and technology have more important position in machining process because cutting fluids have significant influence on the environment in milling process. In this study, Environmental1y conscious machining can be obtained by the way of selecting the optimal machinig conditon using the design of experiment. Tool wear, cutting force and surface roughness were investigated in the machining of NAK80 steel at 40HRc using 10㎜ diameter with TiN coating end mill with dry, compressed air, the cutting fluid and oil-mist, respectively.

송전용 애자의 산불영향에 따른 특성 연구

최인혁,최장현,이동일,정용운,유근양,Choi, In-Hyuk,Choi, Jang-Hyun,Lee, Dong-Il,Chung, Yong-Woon,Yu, Kun-Yang 한국조명전기설비학회 2005 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.19 No.2

본 논문에서는 산불이 송전용 폴리머애자에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위해 인공화염 시험장치를 제작하여 화염의 가열 시간에 따른 폴리머애자의 갓(shed) 변화와 자기애자의 disc 변화를 관찰하고, 전기적$\cdot$기계적 실험을 통하여 특성변화를 확인하였다. 실험결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 화염의 가열시간이 5분정도 경과하였을 때, 자기애자의 전기적 특성은 $80(\%)$ 정도 저하된 반면에 폴리머애자의 경우 갓 유실이 있었지만 전기적 특성의 변화는 $10(\%)$ 정도였다. 폴리머애자를 20분 가열하였을 때는 대부분의 갓이 유실되었지만 전기적 특성치는 $20(\%)$ 정도 감소하였다. 둘째, 폴리머애자와 자기애자 모두 전기적 특성치의 감소는 있었지만 기계적 특성치는 양호하게 나타났다. In order to understand the effect of the mountain fire on the polymeric insulator for transmission lines, the author observed the deformation of the sheds of the polymeric insulators and the change of the discs of the porcelain insulators under fire, and investigated the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the insulators after the ignition test As the result the following conclusions were obtained. First, the porcelain insulator was degraded in electrical characteristics when the insulator was subjected to the fire for approximately 5 minutes; whereas, the polymeric insulator was not degraded though there were some damage on its sheds. Second, after 20 minutes exposure to the fire, the polymeric insulator lost a lot of parts of sheds, but the electrical characteristics was lowered by around $20(\%)$, but the porcelain insulators were electrically degraded by more than $80(\%)$.

이온질화된 공구강 표면의 산화 및 공식거동

최한철(Han-Cheol Choe),이호종(Ho-Jong Lee),정용운(Yong-Woon Jeong) 한국표면공학회 2005 한국표면공학회지 Vol.38 No.3

SKD11 steel has been widely used for tools, metallic mold and die for press working because of its favorable mechanical properties such as high toughness and creep strength as well as excellent oxidation resistance. The ion nitrided tool steel containing Mo results in improvement of corrosion resistance, strength at high temperature and pitting resistance, especially in Cl? contained environment. But the Mo addition causes a disadvantage such as lower oxidation resistance at elevated temperature. In this study, several effects of ion-nitriding on the oxdation characteristics for SKD11 steel with various oxidation temperature were investigated. SKD11 steels were manufactured by using vacuum furnace and solutionized for 1 hr at 0,050℃, Steel surface was ion nitrided at 500℃ for 1 hr and S hr by ion nitriding equipment. Ion nitrided specimen were investigated by SEM, OM and hardness tester. Oxidation was carried out by using muffle furnace in air at 500℃, 700℃ and 900℃ for 1 hr, respectively. Oxidation behavior of the ion nitrided specimen was investigated by SEM, EDX and surface roughness tester. The conclusions of this study are as follows: It was found that plasma nitriding for 5 hr at 500℃, compared with ion nitriding for 1 hr at 500℃, had a thick nitrided layer and produced a layer with good wear, corrosion resistance and hardness as nitriding time increased. Nitrided SKD11 alloy for 1 hr showed that wear resistance and hardness decreased, whereas surface roughness increased, compared with nitrided SKD11 alloy for 5 hr. The oxidation surface at 900℃ showed a good corrosion resistance.