Lysine 결핍에 따른 섭식반응과 뇌의 역할

김창혁 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.2

본 시험은 사료내 필수아미노산 결핍이 rat의 사료섭취량과 혈액 및 뇌내 전이상엽피질(PPC)의 유리아미노산 농도 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 뇌내 섭식조절 메카니즘을 규명하고자 하였다. 시험에 이용된 모든 사료의 질소원은 순수 아미노산 혼합물을 이용하였으며, 질소수준은 15%로 하였다. 사료는 하루 6시간 동안 섭취하도록 훈련을 시켰으며(17:00∼21:00, meal feeding method), 사료섭취량과 증체량은 사료급여 7일째부터 매시간 측정하였다. 실험 1에서 사료섭취량과 증체량을 사료급여 후 매시간 측정하였으며, 혈액 및 PPC의 아미노산 농도는 사료급여 11일째의 0, 1, 2, 3, 6시간 후에 관찰하였다. 실험 2에서는 complete diet에서 11일째에 lysine 결핍사료로 교체하여 사료섭취량, 증체량 및 혈액 및 PPC의 아미노산 농도는 실험 1과 동일하게 측정하였다. 실험 1에서 complete diet 급여에 따른 사료섭취량은 7일째부터 일일섭취량(15g/day)을 충족하였다. 또한 11일째의 혈액 및 뇌의 유리 아미노산 농도는 사료급여 한시간 후에 증가하였으나, 그 후에는 일정한 수준을 유지하였다. 반면, 실험 2에서는 complete diet에서 lysine 결핍사료로 교체함에 따른 사료섭취량은 급격하게 감소하였고 (P<0.05), 혈액 및 PPC의 유리 lysine 농도는 lysine 결핍사료 급여 2시간 후에 유의적(P<0.05)으로 감소하였으며, 누적 사료섭취량은 사료급여 4시간째 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 따라서 이상의 결과로 보아 아미노산 결핍사료 섭취에 따른 혈액과 PPC의 해당 아미노산의 농도 감소는 사료섭취량의 감소에 비하여 빠르게 반응하였고, 이러한 결과로 미루어 사료중 아미노산 결핍에 반응하는 부위의 일부분으로 뇌내 PPC가 직접적인 관여를 한다고 판단된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of deficiency of essential amino acid in diet on feed intake and concentrations of free amino acid in plasma and brain(prepyriform cortex, PPC), and thereby th know the brain area engaged in the mechanism of feed intake regulation. In all trials, experimental diets were formulated with pure amino acid mixture to level of 15% nitrogen. Rats were trained to eat a single meal for 6 hours daily(meal feeding, 17:00∼21:00). Feed intake and body weight were measured hourly on and after 7th day of feeding. In Exp. 1, feed intake and body weight were measured every hour, and the free amino acid concentrations of plasma and PPC were analysed at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 6 h on the 11th day of feeding. In Exp. 2, the complete diet was replaced with lysine devoid diet at the 11th day, and feed intake, body weight and free amino acid concentrations in plasma and PPC were samely measured on Exp.1. In Exp. 1, feed intake on complete diet was self-sufficiented to daily feed intake level(15g/day) from the 7the day. Free amino acid concentrations of plasma and PPC at the 11th day were plateau at 1 hour after feeding. In Exp. 2, feed intake was quickly reduced by the diet replacement(P<0.05), and the free lysine concentration of plasma and PPC was also significantly decreased at 2 hour after feeding. However, cumulative feed intake was significantly decreased at 4 hour after feeding. These results may indicate that the concentrations of free lysine in plasma and PPC, under the condition of devoided lysine in diet, were more quickly droped than the reduction of feed intake rate. Hence, it is expected that PPC in brain might be a part of response area for limited amino acid.

Practical Biological Spread-out Bragg Peak Design for a Carbon Beam

김창혁,이화련,장세덕,장홍석,김정환,박동욱,황원택,양태근 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.8

In radiation therapy, the carbon beams has more advantages with respect to biological properties then a proton beam. The carbon beam has a high linear energy transfer (LET) to the medium and a higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE). To design the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) of biological dose for a carbon beam, we propose a practical method using the linear-quadratic (LQ) model and the Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulation code. Various Bragg peak profiles and LETs were calculated for each slice in the target region. To generate an appropriate biological SOBP, we applied a set of weighting factors, which are power functions in terms of energy steps, to each obtained physical dose. The designed biological SOBP showed a uniformity of 1.34%.

일반학술발표초록 : 소매 gluten 에 아미노산첨가에 의한 동물체내에서 14C-lysine , threonine 및 leucine 의 대사변동

김창혁,박병성,이영철 한국영양학회 1997 춘계학술대회초록 Vol.- No.-

외부 부착 탄소섬유를 사용한 I형 보의 전단 보강 효과 연구

김창혁 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2018 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.4

Researches on strengthening and rehabilitation methods are being widely conducted due to the deterioration of existing concrete structures. Use of externally bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) strips for the rehabilitation is a cost-effective and time-saving method. Generally, the CFRP layout for the shear strengthening was a uni-directional layout. Many researches have focused on the variables of the uni-directional CFRP layout such as the amount of material, angle, and spacing. Pilot tests indicated that the effective confinement of the concrete member can be provided with the bi-directional CFRP layout than the uni-directional layout. Therefore, the test was carried out after the uni- and bi-directional strengthening work using the same amount of CFRP material. CFRP anchors were installed to prevent unexpected premature CFRP delamination failure before reaching CFRP fracture strain. The effectiveness of the CFRP anchor and bi-directional CFRP layout for shear strengthening was verified based on the principal tensile strain contours. 기존 구조물의 노후화로 인하여 보수 및 보강에 관한 연구는 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 탄소섬유를 사용한 외부 부착공법은 경제적이고 짧은 시간에 보강 작업이 이루어질 수 있기 때문에 널리 사용되고 있다. 일반적으로 탄소섬유를 사용한 전단 보강에는 일 방향 레이아웃이 많이 사용되고 있으며, 재료의 양, 섬유의 각도 그리고 간격 등에 관한 실험 연구가 많이 진행되었다. 하지만 예비 실험 결과를 통하여 이 방향 전단보강 레이아웃은 일 방향 전단보강보다 좀 더 효율적으로 부재를 구속하는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서, 유사한 재료의 양을 사용하여 일 방향과 이 방향 전단 보강 작업이 이루어진 후 실험을 통하여 두 보강작업의 효과가 검증되었다. 탄소섬유 보강 작업을 할 때는 탄소섬유의 부착파괴를 방지하기 위하여 탄소섬유 앵커가 설치되었다. 탄소섬유 앵커와 탄소섬유 레이아웃의 전단보강 효과는 실험 경간에 발생한 주인장 변형률의 분포를 통하여 검증되었다.

삼국시대(三國時代)

김창혁,Kim, Chang-Hyeok 한국인삼전략화협의회 2006 인삼·약초 Vol.4 No.2

Preliminary Results, Obtained by Using a Proton Beam, for an Active Scanning System to Installed on the KHIMA

김창혁,이화련,장세덕,김현영,한가람,김정환,장홍석,박동욱,황원택,양태건 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.3

The active scanning technique is a pencil beam delivery method in particle therapy. The active scanning beam delivery system consists of a beam scanner, beam monitor, energy modulator, and related programs, such as the irradiation control and planning programs. A proposed prototype active scanning system was designed and installed on MC-50 at the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science (KIRAMS) with a 45-MeV proton beam. The laminated magnetic yoke of the scanning magnet supported fast ramping. The beam intensity and the beam profile monitors were designed for measuring the beam’s properties. Both the range shifter and the ridge filter modulate the incoming beam energy. The LabVIEWr-based beam-irradiation-control program operates the system in a sequential operation manner for use with the MC-50 cyclotron. In addition, an in-housecoded irradiation-planning program generates an optimal irradiation path. A scanning experiment was successfully completed to print the logo of the Korea Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator (KHIMA) on GaF film. Moreover, the beam’s position accuracy was measured as 0.62 mm in the x-direction and as 0.83 mm in the y-direction.

요오드이동중합에 의한 a. w-Diiodo-poly(VDF-co-HFP)의 합성 및 응용

김창혁,이범재,조성무,박건유 한국고분자학회 2000 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2000 No.4

Xanthophylls과 해조 부산물 첨가 급여가 육계의 사양성적, 육색 및 항산화 특성에 미치는 영향

김창혁,이성기,이규호 한국축산식품학회 2004 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.24 No.2

본 시험은 천연 및 합성착색제와 해조부산물의 첨가가 육계의 육성 성적, 착색도, 항산화도 및 색택에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험사료는 단백질과 에너지를 동일 수준으로 배합하였고, 사료내 xanthophylls 함량은 총 30 ppm이 되도록 하였다. 시험처리구로는 대조구(무첨가구, T1), Oro Glo 첨가구(천연황색소, T2), Kem Glo 첨가구 (천연적색소, T3), canthaxanthin 첨가구(합성적색소, T4), asthaxanthine 첨가구(천연적색소, T5)와 해조부산물 첨가구(T6)로 나누어 5주간 사양시험을 수행하였다. 증체량과 사료 섭취량은 대조구에 비해 T6구에서 유의적으로 낮았으나(p<0.05), 착색제 종류에 따른 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 폐사율은 대조구에 비해 T2, T3 및 T4에서 낮았고, T5 및 T6구에서는 현저하게 높게 나타났다.(p<0.05). 도체율과 복강내지방은 처리구간 착색제에 따른 차이는 볼 수 없었으나, 근위무게는 T6구에서 가장 적은 것으로 나타났다.(p<0.05). 다리 착색도는 대조구와 T6구에서 가장 낮았고(p<0.05), 착색효과에 있어서는 황색 착색제보다 적색 착색제에서, 그리고 합성착색제보다는 천연착색제에 의한 효과가 우수한 것으로 나타났다.(p<0.05). 닭고기의 POV, TBARS 및 pH는 저장 12일 이후 모든 처리구에서 증가하였고(p<0.05), 처리 간 차이는 대조구보다 착색제 첨가구가 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 육색에서 CIE L$^{*}$ (명도)값과 b$^{*}$ (황색도)값은 저장기간 및 착색제 종류에 따른 차이는 없었다. a$^{*}$ (적색도)값은 저장 12일 후 모든 처리구가 감소(p<0.05)하였으나. T4와 T5구의 a$^{*}$ 값이 다른 처리구에 비하여 높았다.(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 xanthophylls 종류에 따라 육색에 영향을 미치고, 저장 중 지방산화가 억제되었다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary pigment sources on the performance, color and antioxidant properties in broiler chick. Experimental diet was formulated to have isocalories and isonitrogen during the experiment period. Total xanthophylls content in the experimental diet was formulated to have 30ppm. Experimental trials were done for five weeks with six treatment groups; T1 (Control), T2 (Olo Glo, natural yellow pigment), T3 (Kern Glo, natural red pigment), T4 (canthaxanthin, synthetic red pigment), T5 (asthaxanthine, natural red pigment), and T6 (seaweed by-products). Body weight gain and feed intake were significantly lower (p<0.05) in T6 group than in other treatments. Mortality was lower in T2, T3 and T4 than in control, but higher (p<0.05) in T5 and T6. The sources of pigments did not have any effects on the dressed carcass and abdominal fat pad (p>0.05). The gizzard weight was significantly lower in T6 (p<0.05) than in others. Pigmentation of leg skin was significantly lower (p<0.05) in control and T6. Effects of dietary pigments was greater with red pigments than with yellow pigments, and those were also greater with natural pigments than with synthetic ones. The peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and pH values of chicken meat were increased (p<0.05) in all treatments at 12 day storage, and was higher (p<0.05) in pigments supplementation group. No differences of CIE L$\^$*/(lightness) and b$\^$*/(yellowness) were not found by storage days and xanthophylls sources. The a$\^$*/(redness) after 12 day storage was significantly (p<0.05) decreased in all treatments, but those of T4 and T5 were higher than those of others. These results showed that feeding of xanthophylls sources to chick could improve color intensity and inhibit lipid oxidation of leg meat.

키토산 및 녹차 첨가가 산란계의 생산성, 소화율 및 혈액과 계란의 콜레스테롤 함량에 미치는 영향

김창혁,오덕환,채병조 한국가금학회 2001 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

본 시험은 키토산 및 녹차의 급여가 산란계의 사양성적 및 혈액과 난황의 콜레스테롤 수준에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험은 옥수수-밀기울 위주 사료로 처리당 3반복 반복당 30수씩 60주령 갈색 산란계를 총 360수 공시하여 8주간에 걸쳐 키토산을 0.15%를 첨가(T1), 녹차잎을 0.15% 첨가 (T2) 및 키토산과 녹차잎을 각각 0.15% 첨가 (T3)하여 수행하였다. 사료섭취량은 대조구가 약 830g으로 가장 낮았고, 처리구에서는 T2구가 낮은 경향을 보였으나, 산란율은 대조구의 52.6%에 비하여 T1구가 55.7%로 높은 경향을 보였으며, T2(59.3%) 및 T3구 (58.4%)는 유의적 (P<0.05)으로 높았다. 난중은 대조구가 63.8g으로 T1구의 62.3g에 비하여 높은 경향이었으나, T2및 T3구의 65g에 비하여 낮은 경향을 나타냈다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 함량은 시험 개시 시에 비하여 8주후에 처리구 (T1, T2 및 T3)에서 114∼123mg/dl로 유의적으로 감소하였으며 (P<0.05), 처리간 혈중 콜레스테롤 함량은 T2가 다른 처리구에 비하여 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그러나 난황 콜레스테롤 농도에는 키토산과 녹차의 첨가가 영향을 미치지 못하였다. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chitosan and green tea supplementation on laying performance and cholesterol concentrations of serum and egg yolk in laying hens. Total 360 laying hens were divided into four groups for feeding trials with three replication : control, T1 (0.15% chitosan), T2(0.15% green tea) and T3 (0.15% chitosan + 0.15% green tea) group. Feed intake was lower in control group (830g/week) than other treatment groups, but T2 of treatment group shows a tendency to decrease. The egg production and egg weight was significantly higher in T2 and T3 group than control. The cholesterol concentrations of serum with chitosan or green tea supplementation were significantly decreased after 8 week than starting trial, and especially those of T2 was lower than other treatment groups. The cholesterol concentrations of egg yolk were no effect of supplement with chitosan and green tea.

해조부산물 추출 Fucoidan 및 미역의 첨가가 브로일러 초기의 육성성적 및 생리적 변화에 미치는 영향

김창혁,정현식,박재인 강원대학교 동물생명과학연구소(구 강원대학교 동물자원공동연구소) 2005 동물자원연구 Vol.16 No.-

This study was carried out to determine the effect of dietary crude fucoidans extracted from brown algae and brown seaweed powder supplementation on performance and bacterial count on feed additives of early broiler chicks. A total 180 broiler chicks were assigned to 4 treatments. Each treatment had 15 chicks with 3 replications. The supplementation levels of fucoidan and brown seaweed powder in the experimental diets were 0.5% (fucoidan), 3.0% (brown seaweed). The results obtained summarized as follows: The body weight gain and weight of chicks fed fucoidan (0.5%) was heavy compared with control. Feed efficiency of chicks fed fucoidan (0.5%) slightly improved compare with control. But also not significantly different among treatments. Gizzard weight, length of small intestine and weight of small intestine were not significantly different among treatments. The villi height of chicks fed fucoidan (0.5%) was long compared with control. According to these data, this trial proves the fucoidan could be successfully used as the dietary supplement.