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Photoactive cellulose nanofiber hydrogel
이화련,현진호 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-
The crosslinking of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) provides a variety of potential applications with environmental and biological 3D structures. Despite their good physical properties, they have been excluded from the field of photo-crosslinking because of the lack of active sites for lights. In this presentation, we demonstrate the introduction of a chemically active site to CNFs to form dityrosine bondings. The photoactive gelation of CNF suspension verifies the reactivity of CNF derivatives and enables the 3D structuring of CNF-based ink, which will be applicable for the fabrication of bioactive platforms in the future. A variety of CNF structures can be printed by DIW mode followed by light induced gelation.
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Preliminary Study on the Vacuum Protection Valve of the PEFP Beamline
이화련,B. S. Park,H. S. Kim,H. J. Kwon,조용섭 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.61
The PEFP (Proton Engineering Frontier Project) beamlines for 20-MeV and 100-MeV proton beams are under development as user facilities. The external beam window will be installed between a vacuum and air. Since the external beam window can be melted by a high beam current of 20mA, the window can fail. To protect the accelerator and vacuum system from window failure, we adopted a fast closing valve (FCV) that can be closed within 15 ms. For a study on the validation of the FCV we set up test equipment composed of a FCV, a data acquisition (DAQ) system, and beam tubes of 20 m in length. This length is equivalent to the real dimension of a PEFP beamline. The valve was actuated by an air in rush trigger signal generated by a vacuum sensor located near the exit window. We made an artificial air in-rush by breaking aluminum windows of 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm in thickness. In this paper, the criteria and the details of the vacuum protection system will be reported.
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MMPI-A 검사를 통한 비행청소년의 비행 행동에 따른 성격특성 연구 : 제주특별자치도를 중심으로
이화련,김성봉 濟州大學校 學生生活硏究所 2008 學生生活硏究 Vol.29 No.-
This study aims at figuring out how the existence of structural broken family of delinquent adolescents is related to their personality traits, and as follows are the problems to be studied on. Problem to be studied : What is the relationship between the delinquency of delinquent adolescents and their personality traits like? In order to solve these problems for the study, the hypothesis was set up as follows. Hypothesis : There will be a difference between the juvenile delinquency of delinquent adolescents and their personality traits. 1. There will be a difference between whether or not to drink and personality traits. 2. There will be a difference between whether or not to smoke and personality traits. 3. There will be a difference between start to run away from home by school grade and personality traits. 4. There will be a difference between start to be absent without leave from school by school grade and personality traits. As for the object of the study, 261 sets of MMPI-A questionnaires, of which test was were performed for the delinquent adolescents who had been imprisoned in J juvenile reformatory located in Jeju special self-governing province from 3. 1, 2006 to 2. 28, 2007, and for ones for whom the juvenile court of J district court had requested J juvenile reformatory for the counseling during a certain period of time in order to use its result as the reference for the judgment, were taken as samples. As the device for measurement, the Korean version of Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory-Adolescent(MMPI-A) was used: MMPI-A , which was first developed from USA in 1992, has been translated into Korean, and it is a standardized test based upon <2000 Population and Housing Census in Korea>(2001). As follows are the results of this study. First, it was indicated that the delinquent adolescents who smoked or drank were more impulsive, and didn't want to be bound to the regulations than ones who did not drink and smoke: Also, they were not interested in the school life and their course in the future. Therefore, the delinquent adolescents who smoke or drink have higher possibility of delinquency than ones who stay away from drinking and smoking. Second, the delinquent adolescents who started to run away from home or be absent without leave from school from their elementary school days were indicated as more dissatisfied with their family member, rebellious against to the social norm, and short of energy to persue the purposes or to complete the responsibilities than ones who were not absent from school or started to run away from home or be absent without leave from school after their elementary school days. The delinquent adolescents who started to do their delinquent behaviors early had the tendency to be negative for the outside because they had not been supported emotionally good enough in their family or in the society, Considering their circumstances, the their delinquent behaviors can be deepened, If there are the delinquent adolescents whose delinquent behaviors have started in their early ages, their relevant family should realize the severeness of delinquency, and be actively involved in solving the problems; If it is not the case, other counseling institutes or relevant governmental agency should try to prevent the juvenile delinquency from deepening while actively coping with it. Third, it was indicated that the delinquent adolescents who did not run away from home or were not absent without leave from school managed their emotion well while being stable emotionally and having higher self esteem compared to ones who ran away from home or were absent without leave from school: It can be said that the delinquency of adolescents who do not run away from home or are not absent without leave from school has not been deepened yet. Therefore, if their family or society get involved appropriately before it becomes chronical, they can still change into the sound adolescents. As a result, it was indicated that there was a difference in personality traits of the delinquent adolescents according to the existence of broken family and the factors of delinquency, It is required to treat them with interest and affection for the development of personality through their family environment and circumstances not from the prejudice of delinquent adolescents, but from their perspective.
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이화련,홍인석,티투안,조용섭,Lee, Hwa-Ryun,Hong, In-Seok,Trinh, Tu Anh,Cho, Yong-Sub 한국진공학회 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.3
양성자기반공학기술개발사업단에서는 설치된 금속이온주입기를 이용하여 금속이온의 인출 시험 중에 있으며 120keV의 금속 이온주입이 가능하다. 현재 코발트 이온 주입의 타당성 확인을 위한 특성시험을 수행하고 있다. 이온원에 알루미나 도가니를 설치하여 분말 코발트 염화물을 고온($648^{\circ}C$) 가열에 의한 증기화로 인하여 플라즈마 방전이 되도록 하였다. 아크전압 120V, EHC 출력 250W에서 코발트 이온을 인출하기 위한 플라즈마를 발생하고 유지할 수 있었다. 코발트 이온 빔 전류는 플라즈마 내 아크전류에 의존하였으며 0.18A일 때 최대 빔전류 $100{\mu}A$를 얻을 수 있었다. 질량분리전자석에 의해서 $Co^+$와 $CoCl^+$, $Cl^+$ 이온의 첨두 빔 전류 비율을 확인하였고 전체 이온 대비 $Co^+$ 이온의 비율이 70% 수준을 유지함을 알 수 있었다. $Co^+$ 이온을 알루미늄 시료에 빔전류 $10{\mu}A$, 90분 동안 이온주입 하여 RBS(Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry)분석법으로 $1.74{\times}10^{17}#/cm^2$의 이온량을 확인하였다. Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) has supplied the metal ions to users by using an installed metal ion implanter of 120 keV. At present a feasibility study is being performed for a cobalt ion implantation. For a cobalt ion extraction we studied to sustain the high temperature($648^{\circ}C$) for metal ions vaporization from a cobalt chloride powder by using an alumina crucible in the ion source. The temperature condition of the crucible was satisfied with the plasma generation at the arc current of 120V and EHC power of 250W. The extracted beam current of $Co^+$ ions was dependent on the arc current in the plasma. The maximum beam current was $100{\mu}A$ at 0.18A of the arc current. The 3 peak currents of the extracted ions such as $Co^+$, $CoCl^+$ and $Cl^+$ were obtained by adjusting a mass analyzing magnet and the $Co^+$ ion beam peak current fraction as around 70% in the sum of the peak currents. The fluence of the implanted cobalt ions at the $10{\mu}A$ of the beam current and 90 minutes of the implantation time into an aluminum sample as measured around $1.74{\times}10^{17}#/cm^2$ by a quantitative analysis method of RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry).
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