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갑상선암 수술 중 발생하는 의도하지 않은 부갑상선 절제의 임상적 의의
김영균,김정구,이동호,이혜경<SUP>1<.SUP>,유영경,안창준,Young Gyun Kim,M.D.,Jeong Gu Kim,M.D.,Dong Ho Lee,M.D.,Hae Gyung Lee,M.D.<SUP>1<.SUP>,Young Kyoung Yoo,M.D. and Chang Joon Ahn,M.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2006 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.6 No.1
Purpose: Many surgeons intend to preserve all of the parathyroids during a thyroid operation; however, they have had the unpleasant experience of achieving unintentional parathyroidectomy. We studied the risk factors for unin-tentional parathyroidectomy and whether these unintentional parathyroidectomies caused symptomatic hypocalcemia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records and pathologic reports of 95 papillary carcinoma patients who underwent operations between January 1994 and December 2003. We statistically analyzed the correlation between unintentional parathyroidectomy and the risk factors such as tumor size, capsular invasion, including extra-thyroidal extension, and the operation method. Results: Of the total 95 procedures, 14 (14.7%) produced patho-logy reports stating that incidental parathyroid tissue was identified within the thyroidectomy specimen. The majority of the 14 reported cases contained only a single focus of inci-dental parathyroid tissue; however, one of these thyroidectomy specimens contained two foci of parathyroid tissue. The factors such as tumor size, capsular invasion and extensive surgery were not correlated with the prevalence of unintentional parathyroidectomy. There was no association of unintentional parathyroidectomy with postoperative hypocalcemia (P=.449).Conclusion: Unintentional parathyroidectomy is not associated with symptomatic postoperative hypocalcemia. The factors such as tumor size, capsular invasion or extensive surgery are not risk factors for unintentional parathyroidectomy. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2006;6:17-21)
성향정기산(星香正氣散)이 가토의 경동맥(頸動脈) 평활근(平滑筋) 긴장(緊張) 및 $Ca^{2+}$ 대사(代謝)에 미치는 영향(影響)
김영균,권정남,김종훈,Kim, Young-Gyun,Kweon, Jung-Nam,Kim, Jong-Hoon 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.3
Objective : This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Sunghyangchungisan (SHCS) on the regulation of vascular tone and $Ca^{2+}$ metabolism in arterial tissues. Vascular rings isolated from rabbit carotid artery were myographed isometrically in isolated organ baths and the effect of SHCS on contractile activities, endothelial function and $Ca^{2+}$ metabolism were determined. Methods : In phentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rabbits, SHCS administered through ear vein (100 mg/Kg body wt.) or intragastric dwelling tube (300 mg/Kg body wt.) attenuated phenylephrine (PE, 10 ${\mu}g$/Kg, i.v.)-induced increases in both systolic and diastolic cartoid arterial blood pressure. Results : In experiments with isolated arterial strips, SHCS relaxed arterial rings which were pre-contracted by phenylephrine (PE, 1 ${\mu}M$). The responses to SHCS were partially dose-dependent at concentrations lower than 0.5 mg/ml. When SHCS was applied prior to the exposure to PE, it inhibited the PE-induced contraction by a similar magnitude which was comparable to the relaxation of pre-contracted arterial rings. Washout of SHCS after observing its relaxant effect resulted in a full recovery of PE-induced contractions, indicating that the action mechanism is reversible. The observation that SHCS did not change the $ED_{50)$ of PE oh its dose-response curve ruled out the possible interaction of SHCS with ${\alpha}$-receptors. The relaxant effect of SHCS was not affected by removal of endothelium or a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME. Methylene blue, an inhibitor of the soluble guanylate cyclase, did not affect the relaxant effect of SHCS. These results suggest that the action of SHCS is not mediated by the endothelium nor soluble guanylate cyclase. Constant cGMP production determined in arterial strips in the presence or absence of SHCS is consistent with this conclusion. When contraction was induced by additive application of $Ca^{2+}$ in arterial rings which were pre-depolarized by high $K^+$ in a $Ca^{2+}$-free solution, the relaxant effect of SHCS was attenuated by increasing the $Ca^{2+}$ concentration. SHCS, when applied to the arterial rings pre-contracted by PE and then relaxed by nifedipine, a $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker, did not show additive relaxation. SHCS partially blocked $Ca^{2+}$ influx stimulated by PE and high $K^+$ which was determined by 5-min ^{45}Ca$ uptake, while it did not affect $Ca^{2+}$ efflux. Conclusions : From above results, it is suggested that SHCS relax PE-induced contraction of rabbit carotid artery in an endothelium independent manner, andinhibition of $Ca^{2+}$ influx may contribute to the underling mechanism.
김영균,김종훈,Kim, Young-Gyun,Kim, Jong-Hoon 대한한의학회 1999 대한한의학회지 Vol.20 No.3
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Sunghyangchungi-san (SHCS) on the oxidant-induced contraction and lipid peroxidation in rabbit carotid artery. Vascular rings isolated from rabbit carotid artery were exposed to t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), an extrinsic oxidant, and the effect of SHCS on the changes of vascular tension and lipid peroxidation induced by t-BHP was determined. t- BHP induced a slowly developing and sustained contraction of the arterial rings. SHCS effectively relaxed the arterial rings that were pre-contracted by t-BHP. The responses to SHCS were partially dose-dependent at concentrations lower than 0.5 mg/ml. When SHCS was applied prior to the exposure to t-BHP, it inhibited the t-BHP-induced contraction as well. t- BHP increased lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. SHCS as well as well-known anti-oxidants GSH and DPPD reduced significantly lipid peroxidation induced by t-BHP. SHCS partially blocked the increase in $^{45}Ca$ uptake induced by t-BHP. In contrast to SHCS, anti-oxidants GSH and DPPD failed to inhibit significantly the t- BHP-induced contraction or $^{45}Ca$ uptake. From the above results, it is suggested that SHCS relaxed t-BHP-induced contraction of rabbit carotid artery independently of its anti-oxidant action, and inhibition of $Ca^{2+}$ influx may contribute to the underlying mechanism.
풍차형 초음파 전동기의 제작과 토크 및 정$\cdot$역회전특성
김영균,김진수,Kim, Young-Gyun,Kim, Jin-Soo 대한전기학회 2001 전기학회논문지C Vol.50 No.3
In this paper, the windmill type ultrasonic motors with 11.35 mm diameter, 2.87 mm thickness of metal endcap and 1.47 g weight were fabricated. Effects of slots and thickness on torque characteristic in the windmill type ultrasonic motor were investigated, when stator's slots were changed from 4, 6, 8 and thickness 0.15 mm, respectively. Specially designed metal endcaps with windmill shaped cutting can provide longitudinal and torsional displacements simultaneously as the ceramic disk vibrates radically. The windmill type ultrasonic motor has only three components: a stator element with windmill shape slotted metal endcap, a rotor and bearing. Ultrasonic motor stimulated to ultrasonic oscillations by piezoelectrics to drive a rotor via friction contact. The ultrasonic motor fabricated here was the windmill type ultrasonic motor operated by single-phase AC source. Bidirectional revolution using single-phase high frequency for driving the ultrasonic motor was presented.
PC-Cluster 를 사용한 내용기반의 화상 검색 시스템의 설계 및 구현
김영균 ( Young-gyun Kim ),오길호 ( Gil-ho Oh ) 한국정보처리학회 2004 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.11 No.1
본 논문에서는 LAN 상에서 유휴 PC 들을 사용하여 PC Cluster 를 구성한 후 이를 사용한 내용기반의 화상 정보 검색(CBIR) 시스템에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. LAN 상의 유휴 PC 들은 인터넷상의 연산자원들보다 안정되고 신뢰성이 있기 때문에 복잡한 보안 기법을 사용하지 않아도 되며 또한 연산시간이 유휴시간으로 고정되어 있기 때문에 네트워크의 부하 및 노드의 부하를 고려하는 복잡한 부하균등화 기법이나 스케쥴링 기법이 필요로 하지 않는 특징을 갖는다. 내용기반의 화상 정보 검색은 화상 데이터의 대용량 특징으로 인해 화상 특징 추출 및 유사도 계산을 위해 많은 연산을 필요로 한다. 특히 다양한 내용기반의 정보 검색 서비스를 지원하기 위해 다중 특징(Multiple Features)을 동시에 추출하고자 할 때 연산시간은 급격히 증가한다. 따라서 이러한 내용 기반의 화상 정보 검색시스템을 구현하기 위해 저비용의 고성능의 PC Cluster 를 사용하여 전체 연산시간을 단축하고 실시간 정보검색이 가능하도록 하는 연구를 수행 하였다.
국방분야에서 다중 무인지상무기체계의 협력적 결함 진단 및 치료에 관한 연구
김영균 ( Young-gyun Kim ),유석진 ( Yu Suk Jin ),안효철 ( Hyo-chul Ahn ),김영수 ( Young-soo Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2010 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.17 No.2
국방분야의 무인지상무기체계(Unmanned Ground Vehicles)는 소프트웨어 결함 발생시 유인무기체계와 달리 응급 조치를 수행할 수 있는 사람이 탑승하지 않기 때문에 임무 수행에 치명적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 따라서, 무인지상무기체계에 탑재되는 내장형 SW의 신뢰성 있는 임무 수행을 위한 방법을 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 무선 Ad-hoc 네트워크로 연결된 UGV의 SW 결함을 원격으로 진단하고, 치료하기 위한 방법에 대해 연구하였다. 국방분야의 무인무기체계에 탑재된 내장형 SW의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해 적용가능하다.
센서 네트워크를 위한 초소형 TCP/IPv6 기능 프로파일 설계
김영균(Young-Gyun Kim),김신재(Shin-Jae Kim),신범주(Bum-Ju Shin),이완직(Wan-Jik Lee),허석렬(Seok-Yeol Heo) 한국정보기술학회 2009 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2009 No.-
현재 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅이 크게 주목을 받으면서 이를 실현할 핵심 기술인 센서 네트워크에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 센서 네트워크 기술 자체에 대한 연구와는 달리 센서 네트워크와 기존 인터넷의 연동에 관한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 센서 네트워크와 IPv6 기반의 인터넷 연동을 위한 센서 노드에 적합한 형태의 초소형 TCP/IPv6 기능 프로파일을 분석?설계 하였다. As the ubiquitous computing is getting much more attention, the study of the sensor network, core technology of realizing ubiquitous computing, is actively carried out. However, unlike researches on the sensor network technology itself, researches on the interworking of the sensor network and Internet is stay at basic level. In this paper, we design and analyze the tiny TCP/IPv6 profile which is suitable for interworking the sensor network to IPv6 based Internet.