갑상선암 수술 중 발생하는 의도하지 않은 부갑상선 절제의 임상적 의의

김영균,김정구,이동호,이혜경<SUP>1<.SUP>,유영경,안창준,Young Gyun Kim,M.D.,Jeong Gu Kim,M.D.,Dong Ho Lee,M.D.,Hae Gyung Lee,M.D.<SUP>1<.SUP>,Young Kyoung Yoo,M.D. and Chang Joon Ahn,M.D. 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2006 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.6 No.1

Purpose: Many surgeons intend to preserve all of the parathyroids during a thyroid operation; however, they have had the unpleasant experience of achieving unintentional parathyroidectomy. We studied the risk factors for unin-tentional parathyroidectomy and whether these unintentional parathyroidectomies caused symptomatic hypocalcemia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records and pathologic reports of 95 papillary carcinoma patients who underwent operations between January 1994 and December 2003. We statistically analyzed the correlation between unintentional parathyroidectomy and the risk factors such as tumor size, capsular invasion, including extra-thyroidal extension, and the operation method. Results: Of the total 95 procedures, 14 (14.7%) produced patho-logy reports stating that incidental parathyroid tissue was identified within the thyroidectomy specimen. The majority of the 14 reported cases contained only a single focus of inci-dental parathyroid tissue; however, one of these thyroidectomy specimens contained two foci of parathyroid tissue. The factors such as tumor size, capsular invasion and extensive surgery were not correlated with the prevalence of unintentional parathyroidectomy. There was no association of unintentional parathyroidectomy with postoperative hypocalcemia (P=.449).Conclusion: Unintentional parathyroidectomy is not associated with symptomatic postoperative hypocalcemia. The factors such as tumor size, capsular invasion or extensive surgery are not risk factors for unintentional parathyroidectomy. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2006;6:17-21)

성향정기산(星香正氣散)이 가토(家兎)의 경동맥(頸動脈) 평골근(平滑筋) 절편(切片)에서 t-Butyl Hydroperoxide 에 의한 지질과산화(脂質過酸化) 및 수축(收縮)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김영균,김종훈,Kim, Young-Gyun,Kim, Jong-Hoon 대한한의학회 1999 대한한의학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Sunghyangchungi-san (SHCS) on the oxidant-induced contraction and lipid peroxidation in rabbit carotid artery. Vascular rings isolated from rabbit carotid artery were exposed to t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), an extrinsic oxidant, and the effect of SHCS on the changes of vascular tension and lipid peroxidation induced by t-BHP was determined. t- BHP induced a slowly developing and sustained contraction of the arterial rings. SHCS effectively relaxed the arterial rings that were pre-contracted by t-BHP. The responses to SHCS were partially dose-dependent at concentrations lower than 0.5 mg/ml. When SHCS was applied prior to the exposure to t-BHP, it inhibited the t-BHP-induced contraction as well. t- BHP increased lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. SHCS as well as well-known anti-oxidants GSH and DPPD reduced significantly lipid peroxidation induced by t-BHP. SHCS partially blocked the increase in $^{45}Ca$ uptake induced by t-BHP. In contrast to SHCS, anti-oxidants GSH and DPPD failed to inhibit significantly the t- BHP-induced contraction or $^{45}Ca$ uptake. From the above results, it is suggested that SHCS relaxed t-BHP-induced contraction of rabbit carotid artery independently of its anti-oxidant action, and inhibition of $Ca^{2+}$ influx may contribute to the underlying mechanism.

풍차형 초음파 전동기의 제작과 토크 및 정$\cdot$역회전특성

김영균,김진수,Kim, Young-Gyun,Kim, Jin-Soo 대한전기학회 2001 전기학회논문지C Vol.50 No.3

In this paper, the windmill type ultrasonic motors with 11.35 mm diameter, 2.87 mm thickness of metal endcap and 1.47 g weight were fabricated. Effects of slots and thickness on torque characteristic in the windmill type ultrasonic motor were investigated, when stator's slots were changed from 4, 6, 8 and thickness 0.15 mm, respectively. Specially designed metal endcaps with windmill shaped cutting can provide longitudinal and torsional displacements simultaneously as the ceramic disk vibrates radically. The windmill type ultrasonic motor has only three components: a stator element with windmill shape slotted metal endcap, a rotor and bearing. Ultrasonic motor stimulated to ultrasonic oscillations by piezoelectrics to drive a rotor via friction contact. The ultrasonic motor fabricated here was the windmill type ultrasonic motor operated by single-phase AC source. Bidirectional revolution using single-phase high frequency for driving the ultrasonic motor was presented.

성향정기산(星香正氣散)이 가토의 경동맥(頸動脈) 평활근(平滑筋) 긴장(緊張) 및 $Ca^{2+}$ 대사(代謝)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김영균,권정남,김종훈,Kim, Young-Gyun,Kweon, Jung-Nam,Kim, Jong-Hoon 대한한방내과학회 2000 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.21 No.3

Objective : This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Sunghyangchungisan (SHCS) on the regulation of vascular tone and $Ca^{2+}$ metabolism in arterial tissues. Vascular rings isolated from rabbit carotid artery were myographed isometrically in isolated organ baths and the effect of SHCS on contractile activities, endothelial function and $Ca^{2+}$ metabolism were determined. Methods : In phentobarbital sodium-anesthetized rabbits, SHCS administered through ear vein (100 mg/Kg body wt.) or intragastric dwelling tube (300 mg/Kg body wt.) attenuated phenylephrine (PE, 10 ${\mu}g$/Kg, i.v.)-induced increases in both systolic and diastolic cartoid arterial blood pressure. Results : In experiments with isolated arterial strips, SHCS relaxed arterial rings which were pre-contracted by phenylephrine (PE, 1 ${\mu}M$). The responses to SHCS were partially dose-dependent at concentrations lower than 0.5 mg/ml. When SHCS was applied prior to the exposure to PE, it inhibited the PE-induced contraction by a similar magnitude which was comparable to the relaxation of pre-contracted arterial rings. Washout of SHCS after observing its relaxant effect resulted in a full recovery of PE-induced contractions, indicating that the action mechanism is reversible. The observation that SHCS did not change the $ED_{50)$ of PE oh its dose-response curve ruled out the possible interaction of SHCS with ${\alpha}$-receptors. The relaxant effect of SHCS was not affected by removal of endothelium or a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME. Methylene blue, an inhibitor of the soluble guanylate cyclase, did not affect the relaxant effect of SHCS. These results suggest that the action of SHCS is not mediated by the endothelium nor soluble guanylate cyclase. Constant cGMP production determined in arterial strips in the presence or absence of SHCS is consistent with this conclusion. When contraction was induced by additive application of $Ca^{2+}$ in arterial rings which were pre-depolarized by high $K^+$ in a $Ca^{2+}$-free solution, the relaxant effect of SHCS was attenuated by increasing the $Ca^{2+}$ concentration. SHCS, when applied to the arterial rings pre-contracted by PE and then relaxed by nifedipine, a $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker, did not show additive relaxation. SHCS partially blocked $Ca^{2+}$ influx stimulated by PE and high $K^+$ which was determined by 5-min ^{45}Ca$ uptake, while it did not affect $Ca^{2+}$ efflux. Conclusions : From above results, it is suggested that SHCS relax PE-induced contraction of rabbit carotid artery in an endothelium independent manner, andinhibition of $Ca^{2+}$ influx may contribute to the underling mechanism.

무선 센서 네트워크를 위한 링크 품질과 잔류 에너지 기반의 On-demand 경로 설정 기법

김영균(Young-Gyun Kim),이완직(Wan-Jik Lee),김용운(Yong-Woon KIM),김형준(Hyoung Jun KIM),허석렬(Seok-Yeol Heo) 한국정보기술학회 2011 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.9 No.2

So far, a number of on-demand routing protocols to enhance the efficiency of sensor network have been proposed. However, the problems of limited energy resources and broadcast storm have not studied enough. In this paper, we proposed a new on-demand routing scheme considering link quality and network life time. The proposed routing scheme was designed using LQI(Link Quality Indicator) and remaining energy. We performed simulation with NS-2. We also compared the routing scheme with AODV and minLQI by carrying out performance evaluation. The results from this experiment showed that packet receive rate and network life time of the proposed routing scheme were relatively higher than AODV and minLQI.

센서 네트워크 기반의 카메라 모듈 생산 공정관리 시스템 개발

김영균(Young-Gyun Kim),김대성(Dae-Sung Kim),이완직(Wan-Jik Lee),허석렬(Seok-Yeol Heo) 한국정보기술학회 2010 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.8 No.5

Most of process control systems for camera module production in these days are designed as semi-automatic systems which are attended by manpower. However, it is imperative to develop an automatic process control system since the production of camera module is increasing along with a growing demand for mobile phones. In this paper, we designed and implemented a process control system for the camera module production which has capability of automatic scan and detection of defectives during the process of inspecting and controlling camera modules and monitor in real time. The process control system for the camera module production consists of three different systems, a camera module test system which identifies abnormalities of camera modules, a monitoring system which stores and processes test results and allows one to check the current state of process in real time, and a wireless sensor communication module which route and transmit the data between two systems. The camera module test and monitoring system was implemented in the form of the embedded board and user interfaces. And, the wireless communication sensor module was implemented in a TinyOS environment. Through the test-bed, we confirmed the system operates without any problem.

이동 에이전트를 갖는 네트워크 환경에서 단절점을 찾기 위한 방법

김영균(Young-Gyun Kim),김경하(Kyoung-Ila Kim),김영학(Young-Hak Kim),오길호(Gil-Ho Oh) 한국정보과학회 2000 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.27 No.1A

분산 네트워크 환경에서 단절점의 존재는 신뢰성을 떨어뜨리는 주요한 요인이며, 통신 트래픽의 부하가 집중될 수 있는 지점이다. 본 논문에서는 분산 이동 컴퓨팅 환경을 갖는 네트워크상에서 분산 깊이 우선 탐색 방법을 이용하여 단절점을 찾는 효율적인 방법을 제안 한다. 시작 노드는 단절점을 발견하기 위한 이동 에이전트를 인접한 노드에 보내고, 파견된 이동 에이전트는 네트워크상의 각 노드들을 차례로 방문하여 깊이 우선 번호를 기본으로 하여 단절점을 찾게 된다.

센서네트워크 기반의 생산 공정관리 모니터링 시스템 설계

김영균(Young-Gyun Kim),이완직(Wan-Jik Lee),허석렬(Seok-Yeol Heo) 한국정보기술학회 2010 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2010 No.-

현재 대부분의 중소기업들은 여러 가지 품종의 제품을 소량으로 생산하기 때문에 새로운 제품을 생산해야 할 때마다 생산 공정관리 시스템을 추가 및 변경할 필요성이 있다. 하지만 생산에 적합한 시스템과 새로운 통신 라인을 구축하는 것은 설치의 복잡함과 고비용이라는 문제점을 갖고 있다. 본 논문에서는 생산 시스템들 간의 무선 통신을 위해 센서 네트워크를 이용한 생산 공정 관리 모니터링 시스템을 제안하고 기존의 시스템 환경에 크게 구애 받지 않고 무선 센서 통신 모듈만을 연결하여 사용할 수 있도록 설계하였다. Currently, most of small companies are needed to add and change the production management control system whenever new productions are produced because they produced many kinds of productions in a small quantity. However, construction of the proper system for producing and the new communication lines have some problems which are complex installation and high cost. In this paper, we proposed a production management control monitoring system using sensor network for wireless communication between production systems and designed a system that is not to be influenced with existing system environment and can be used by only to connect a wireless sensor communication module.

데이터마이닝을 이용한 폴더형 휴대단말기의 피로강도 민감도 분석

김영균(Young Gyun Kim),이종수(Jong Soo Lee) 대한기계학회 2013 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5

폴더 타입 휴대단말기 설계의 쟁점은 프론트 사출물의 피로강도를 고려한 강성 설계에 있다. 이는 최근의 추세처럼 휴대폰의 두께가 얇아지고 Display가 대형화 될수록 더욱 중요시되고 있다. 하지만 사출물 피로강도에 영향을 미치는 설계변수가 많고 시험결과값도 비선형적이며 디자인을 함께 고려해야 하기 때문에 강도만을 고려한 최적설계가 용이하지 않다. 본 연구는 휴대폰의 피로강도를 고려해 설계변수들을 나열하고 실험계획법 등을 통해 중요 설계변수를 선정하였다. 이후 선정된 주요 설계변수들을 Datamining 기법인 오류 역전파 인공신경망과 로지스틱회귀 등을 통해 민감도 분석을 진행해 보고자 한다. The paper deals with the weight analysis of the structure of the Folder Front in the folder type cell-phone. The design parameter is selected by the design of experiments and weight analysis. The design objective is enhacing Folder Front fatigue strength using datamning techniques and finding more suitable data mining technique to apply the designing the mechanical structure of cell-phone.

무기체계 개발 환경에서 CMMI Level 3 기반의 프로세스 개선

김영균(Young-Gyun Kim),김회동(Hoi Dong Kim),안효철(Hyo-Chul Ahn),김영수(Young-Su Kim) 한국정보과학회 2008 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.35 No.2

미국 카네기멜론 대학 SEI에서 발표한 CMMI 최근 모델인 CMMI-DEV v1.2의 최근 동향을 설명하고, CMMI v1.2 Level 3 프로세스를 시스템, 하드웨어, 소프트웨어를 함께 요구 분석, 설계, 개발하는 무기체계 시스템 개발 프로세스에 적용한 과정을 설명한다. CMMI-DEV v1.2 Level 3까지 요구되는 18개 프로세스를 연구/개발 조직의 15개 프로젝트에 구현한 내용과 적용 결과를 설명하고 향상된 품질의 측정 결과와 향후 개선점을 제시한다. CMMI의 최신 버전인 CMMI-DEV v1.2를 연구/개발 조직에 적용하는 경우 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.