선내안전보건 관련 선원의 법적지위 연구

김기선(Ki-Sun Kim),전영우(Yeong-Woo Jeon) 한국해사법학회 2021 해사법연구 Vol.33 No.2

한국선원통계연보에 따르면 2020년 기준 선원의 직무상 재해율 9.49%는 고용노동부에서 발행한 2020년 산업재해 현황분석에 따른 육상노동자 사고 재해율 0.49%보다 19.4배 높은 것으로 나타나 선내안전보건과 관련한 사고율이 심각한 수준이다. 고용노동부에서 발표한 2019년 산업재해 발생현황에 따른 우리나라 사고 사망만인율(0.46‱)은 선진국(영국 0.04‱, 일본0.15‱)과 비교하여 매우 높은 수준이다. 선원재해예방을 위한 선내안전보건의 수준을 높이기 위해서는 관련 규정의정비도 중요하지만 그것을 이행하는 수범자인 선박소유자와 선원의 역할이 중요하다. 특히, 선원재해예방을 위해서는 선내안전보건 관련 선박소유자의 의무 준수와 더불어 선박소유자의 조치에 대한 선원의 협력이 필수적이다. 그동안 선내안전보건의 문제는 선박소유자의 이행의무를 중심으로 논의되어왔다. 이로 인해 선원은 선내안전보건에 있어 주로 권리의 향유주체로 인식되어왔다. 그러나 선내안전보건에 있어 선원은 주로 권리의 향유주체이지만 이와 동시에 의무의 당사자이기도 하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선원재해예방을 위한 하나의 해결책으로 선내안전보건에 있어서 선원의 권리와 의무를 비교법적 검토를 통해 선원이 선원재해예방의 주체적이고 적극적으로 관여할 수 있도록 선원의 법적지위의 재정립 방안을 연구하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 선원의 공법상 권리 및 사법상 권리를 부여할 수 있도록 선내안전보건기준을 시급하게 제정·시행하여야 한다. 둘째, 선원의 제3자에 대한 배려, 위험에 대한 보고의무, 주의의무 등 선원의 의무 확대가 요구된다. 셋째, 선원법상 안전배려의무를 명문화하여 선원 스스로 안전보건기준의 준수 및 이행에 있어 적극적이고 주체적 역할을 할 수 있게 함과 동시에 안전배려의무의 위반 시 선원의 이행청구권도 인정되도록 하여야 한다. The occupational accident rate of 9.49 percent for seafarer in 2020 according to the Korea Seafarer’s Statical Year Book is 19.4 times higher than the occupational accident rate of 0.49 percent for shore worker according the Analysis of the Status of Industrial Accident in 2020 issued by the Ministry of Employment and Labour. It means that the occupational accident rate of Seafarers is a very serious level. Korea s accident mortality rate(0.46‱) according to the Analysis of the Status of Industrial Accidents 2019 announced by the Ministry of Employment and Labor is also very high compared to developed countries(UK 0.04‱ and Japan 0.15‱). In order to improve the standard of the safety and health on board ship for the prevention of the occupational accident of seafarers, not only the improvement of relative regulations is important, but also the roles of shipowners and seafarers who implement them are important. In particular, in order to prevent the occupational accident of seafarers, it is essential to comply with the obligations of shipowners related to the safety and health on board a ship, as well as to cooperate with shipowners actions. In the meantime the issue of the safety and health on board a ship has been discussed mainly by shipowners performance obligations. As a result, seafarers have been recognized primarily as enjoying rights relating to the safety and health on board a ship. However, in respect of the safety and health aboard, seafarers are those who should primarily enjoy rights, but at the same time they are also parties subject to obligations. As a solution for preventing the occupational accident of seafarers, this study intends to study and propose amendments to redefine the seafarer’s legal position so that the seafarer can be independently and actively involved in preventing the occupational accident of seafarers through a comparative law review of crew rights and obligations of the safety and health aboard. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the Standards on the safety, health and accident prevention on board should be legislated and enforced in order to provide seafarers with rights of both public and private laws. Second, it is necessary to expand seafarers’ duties such as safe care for a third party, duty of reporting hazards, duty to take caution. Third, the duty of care for safety should be explicitly introduced in the Seafarers’ Act in order for seafarers to enable them to play positive and key roles in observing and implementing the safety and health standards and seafarer fulfillment claims should also be admitted for the case of breaching the duty of care for safety.

In vitro Synthesis of Ribonucleic Acids by T7 RNA Polymerase That was Fast Purified with a Modified Procedure

김기선,최우형,공수정,전숭종,김재현,오상택,김동은,Kim Ki-Sun,Choi Woo-Hyung,Gong Soo-Jung,Jeon Sung-Jong,Kim Jae Hyun,Oh Sangtaek,Kim Dong-Eun Korean Society of Life Science 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.5

세포 내에서 매우 적은 양으로 존재하는 RNA 전사체와 기능적으로 동일하거나 비슷한 RNA를 RNA 중합효소를 써서 in vitro에서 생화학적으로 의미 있는 양 만큼을 합성할 수 있다. T7 RNA중합효소를 발현하는 재조합 유전자를 지닌 대장균주 BL21/pAR1219로부터 순수한 T7 RNA중합효소를 손쉽게 얻는 방법을 본 논문에서 소개한다. 황산암모늄 분획화와 sephadex SP 컬럼 크로마토그래피법으로써 여타의 방법과 비교하여 더 간단하고 빠르게, 그리고 경제적으로 T7 RNA 중합효소를 분리할 수 있었다. 정제된 T7 RNA중합효소를 이용하여 보통의 화학적 합성법으로 불가능한 긴 길이(1.54 kb)의 RNA전사체를 합성 하였다. 한편,정제된 T7 RNA중합효소에 의해 생성된 망치머리 리보자임은 표적 RNA를 in vitro에서 절단함으로써, 생성된 RNA가 생화학적 기능성을 유지한다는 것을 입증하였다 따라서 본 연구에서 소개되는 절차들은 다양한 길이의 RNA를 목적에 따라 간단하고 경제적으로 합성하는데 유용하게 이용될 수 있다. Biochemical amounts of RNA molecules can be synthesized in vitro, which is functionally equivalent or similar to those transcripts normally existing at extremely low levels in vivo. In this study we described a method for efficient preparation of pure T7 RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli strain BL21/pAR1219. The procedure, which used ammonium sulfate fractionation and preparative column chromatography on sephadex SP, was shown to be simple, rapid, and cost effective in comparison with other methods reported previously, Using the purified T7 RNA polymerase we were able to synthesize very long RNA transcript of 1.54 kb length, which is not feasible by conventional chemical synthesis. RNA molecule that was also synthesized by the purified T7 RNA polymerase, such as hammerhead ribozyme, retained its biochemical activity by cleaving the target RNA successfully in vitro. Thus, the procedure shown in this study can be useful to synthesize any length of RNA molecules in vitro in a simple and cost effective way for a variety of purposes.

Dormancy Breaking and Flowering of Phaesant’s Eye (Adonis amurensis Regel et Radd.) as Influenced by Temperature and Plant Growth Regulators

Ki Sun Kim(김기선),Hyun Hwan Jung(정현환) 한국원예학회 2003 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2003 No.5

고주파 온열치료 비침습 온도분포 예측 및 시술계획 최적화

박기선(Ki Sun Park),김중경(Jung Kyung Kim),이희준(Hee Joon Lee) 한국가시화정보학회 2015 한국가시화정보학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.12

The hyperthermia treatment has been operated to the patients that have cancer cell in their inside and has been improved for selectivity of killing the cancer cells gradually. The radio-frequency(RF) hyperthermia has been considered as an alternative medical treatment of tumor necrosis by application of heating to enhance the efficacy of the existing cancer treatments. Because the hyperthermia treatment treats cancer by heat, it is important that the operator check states of patients like temperature distributions. Unless thermocouples are inserted to the patients, it is hard to know the states. In this study, SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) inside a body was obtained by electrical simulation assuming the RF treatment. The corresponding body temperature distribution was simulated and visualized by solving heat conduction equation with plugging the SAR for the RF hyperthermia treatment. The simulation on optimizing position of electrode was conducted. Then, the operating plan that include work-rest procedure is suggested to the cross-section of arbitrary human phantom.

고주파 온열치료시 비침습 온도분포 예측 및 전극 위치 최적화 수치해석

박기선(Ki Sun Park),타밈핫세인(M. Tamim Hossain),김중경(Jung Kyung Kim),이희준(Hee Joon Lee) 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2015 No.11

The hyperthermia treatment has been operated to the patients that have cancer cell in their inside and has been improved for selectivity of killing the cancer cells gradually. The radio-frequency(RF) hyperthermia has been considered as an alternative medical treatment of tumor necrosis by application of heating to enhance the efficacy of the existing cancer treatments. Because the hyperthermia treatment treats cancer by heat, it is important that the operator check states of patients like temperature distributions. Unless thermocouples are inserted to the patients, it is hard to know the states. In this study, SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) inside a body was obtained by electrical simulation assuming the RF treatment. The corresponding body temperature distribution was simulated and visualized by solving heat conduction equation with plugging the SAR for the RF hyperthermia treatment. Then, the simulation on optimizing position of electrode was conducted.

노동법에 있어서 약관규제 - 독일에서의 논의와 시사점을 중심으로 -

김기선(Kim, Ki Sun) 노동법이론실무학회 2019 노동법포럼 Vol.- No.28

터널 3차원 내공변위의 해석을 통한 막장전방 지반상태변화 예측

김기선(Ki-Sun Kim),김영섭(Young-Sub Kim),유광호(Kwang-Ho You),박연준(Yoen-Jun Park),이대혁(Dae-Hyuck Lee) 한국암반공학회 2003 터널과지하공간 Vol.13 No.6

Effect of Thidiazuron on Callus and Multiple Shoot Formation in Shoot-tip Culture of Hibiscus syriacus L. ‘Honghwarang'

Kim Eun Kyoung(김은경),Yoo Yong Kweon(유용권),Kim Ki Sun(김기선) 한국원예학회 1998 원예과학기술지 Vol.16 No.4

Effects of Irrigation Frequency, Particle Size and Depth of Perlite Medium on Growth and Flowering of Dendranthema grandiflorum Grown on Recycling System

Kim Sun Hwa(김선화),Kim Ki Sun(김기선) 한국원예학회 1999 원예과학기술지 Vol.17 No.3

LWD를 활용한 에폭시 아스팔트 포장의 정상 표면처짐 범위 연구

박기선,김경남,김낙석,Park, Ki Sun,Kim, Kyung Nam,Kim, Nak Seok 대한토목학회 2015 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.35 No.1

본 연구는 에폭시 아스팔트 포장 내부 상태 평가를 위해 이동 차량하중 모사가 가능한 회복탄성계수 실험과 LWD 실험을 수행하였다. 회복탄성계수 실험에서 측정된 변위는 일반 아스팔트와 달리 잔류변형이 매우 미소한 수준으로 탄성변형과 유사한 거동을 보여 정상 상태로 해석해도 무리가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 회복탄성계수에서 측정된 변위 결과를 처짐 탄성계수로 변환 후 1 SIGMA 단계를 적용하여 정상 처짐 탄성계수 범위를 산정하였다. $60^{\circ}C$에서의 파손 의심 처짐 범위와 하중-변위 선도 개형으로 포장 내부 상태를 예측하였다. 정상 표면처짐 구간인 $140{\mu}m$의 일부 구간에서 수분 침투 및 접착성능 저하가 관찰되었으나, 하중-변위 선도 개형에서 변곡점 발생 구간으로 확인되었다. 현장 확인 결과 제시된 기준은 높은 수준의 정확도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the resilient modulus test and Light Weight Deflectormeter (LWD) test were conducted to simulate the moving vehicle load for the evaluation of the internal failure of epoxy asphalt pavement. The Measured displacement in the resilient modulus test of epoxy asphalt concrete showed very little residual deformation under repeated loads unlike the conventional asphalt. Therefore, the test results were evaluated as a normal state due to its similarity with elastic deformation. The deflection results from the resilient modulus tests were converted to the surface deflection modulus and the normal range of surface deflection modulus was estimated applying LWD measurement of 1 SIGMA level. Internal failure of pavements were estimated using the suspicious failure range at $60^{\circ}C$ and hysteresis. Internal moisture penetration and a decrease in bonding were observed in partial areas at $140{\mu}m$ of surface deflection. However, the areas showed inflection points in the hysteresis. Field investigation by suggested criterion indicated a high degree of accuracy.