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김진 ( Kim Jeanie ),박찬호 ( Park Chan Ho ),이상현 ( Lee Sanghyun ),임주연 ( Lim Joo Yen ),황현운 ( Hwang Hyun Woon ) 서울대학교 공익인권법센터 2020 공익과 인권 Vol.20 No.-
현행 출입국관리법 제63조 제1항은 강제퇴거명령을 받은 사람을 대한민국 밖으로 즉시 송환할 수 없는 경우 이 사람을 송환할 수 있을 때까지 보호시설에 ‘보호’, 즉 구금할 수 있도록 규정하고 있다. 현재 국내의 이주구금 관련 논의를 종합해보면, 외국인에게도 신체의 자유가 보장되어야 하며, 이주 및 출입국 행정의 절차에서도 적법절차 원칙이 준수되어야 한다는 데에는 이견이 없으나, 출입국의 통제 및 출입국관리법상 보호는 국가행정인 출입국관리행정의 일환이자 국가가 고유한 주권을 행사하는 데 반드시 필요하다고 인식되고 있다. 이러한 인식 하에 외국인의 출입국 관리에는 집행 단계에서 상당한 재량이 인정되는 것으로 이해되는 것이다. 신체의 자유 보장 및 적법절차 원칙 준수에 대한 요구와 국가 주권 행사로서의 출입국 통제에는 폭넓은 재량이 인정된다는 대립된 입장, 그 괴리에 이주구금제도의 인권문제가 존재한다. 이주구금제도와 인권의 문제는 우리나라에서만 발생하는 특수한 것이 아닌, 전 세계에서 공통적으로 발생하는 문제이다. 이에 유엔 산하의 인권 조약기구와 기타 위원회, 독립 전문가로 구성된 유엔의 실무그룹 및 특별절차, 유럽 등 지역의 인권 관련 기구들은 이주구금과 자의적 구금금지 원칙에 대한 활발한 논의를 진행해 왔다. 본 글에서는 이주구금제도에 대한 국제인권법의 일반원칙과 현재까지 논의된 이주구금 관련 국제사회의 담론을 검토하고, 이를 바탕으로 현행 이주구금제도의 문제점을 재조명하고자 한다. 또한, 현행 제도의 비판적 검토를 통해 국제인권법에 부합하는 이주구금 법제의 개정 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 논의가 관련 규정에 대한 국회의 조속한 입법 및 헌법재판소의 위헌결정으로 이어져 궁극적으로는 구금된 외국인의 인권을 침해하고 있는 한국의 현행 이주구금제도가 개선될 수 있기를 기대한다. Article 63(1) of the current Immigration Act of the Republic of Korea stipulates that if a person subject to a deportation order cannot be deported immediately, he or she may be detained in a detention facility until the Regional Immigration Service can deport the person. It is well established that everyone, including migrants, has the right to life, liberty and security of person, and that the deprivation of liberty of migrants must be carried out with respect for the rule of law. It is also widely recognized, however, that the immigration control as well as the order to immigration detention are core aspects of national sovereignty therefore the implementation should remain as a matter of discretion. In the middle of the discussion between right to liberty, the rule of law, national sovereignty and the immigration control, human rights issues of the immigration detention exist. The issue of immigration detention and human rights is not unique to the Republic of Korea, but common around the world. Many countries have been using detention as an administrative tool to address and control irregular migration. The UN treaty bodies, the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council, and other relevant regional committees, therefore, have discussed principles against arbitrary detention, and have been working at the international level to deal with such phenomena. This article illustrates the basic principles of immigration detention set out by the international law, and current discourse of the international community, then addresses problems regarding the current immigration detention system of the Republic of Korea. Through a critical review, it also presents possible amendments of the current law in compliance with the international law. Hopefully, such discussion will lead to the National Assembly’s legislation and the Constitutional Court’s decision on unconstitutionality of the relevant provision, ultimately to improve the current immigration detention system, which is violating rights of the detainees.
( Ji Yen Lee ),( Jaeman Bae ),( Sun Joo Lee ),( Ji Yeon Kim ),( Soo Nyung Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.99 No.-
Objective: To identify the risk factors of lymphocele formation in patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 62 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer who underwent radical abdominal hysterectomy, including pelvic lymph node dissection between April 2005 and June 2010. Lymphocele was confirmed by imaging studies such as computed tomography or ultrasonography. Included risk factors were patient`s age, body mass index, surgeon`s experience, tumor histology, stage of cancer, previous surgery, number of retrieved lymph nodes, and radiation therapy. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors of lymphocele formation. Results: During median follow-up of 34.5 months (range, 12.9 months), 20 patients (32%) out of 62 had developed lymphocele. Eight patients developed symptomatic lymphocle. Univariate analysis showed the radiation therapy, and the number of retrieved lymph nodes as significant risk factors of lymphocele formation. When applying mutivariate analysis using logistic regression, radiation therapy (odds ratio=5.19, P =0.010) and the number of retrieved lymph node (odds ratio=4.80, P =0.021) were independent risk factors of lymphocele formation. Conclusion: Radiation therapy and the number of retrieved lymph node were significant risk factors of lymphocele formation in patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical abdominal hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection.
ApoE 결손 생쥐에서 FXR 결핍과 피오글리타존이 동맥경화에 미치는 영향
박영주 ( Young Joo Park ),김민주 ( Min Joo Kim ),이관재 ( Kwan Jae Lee ),황지연 ( Ji Yeon Hwang ),이예나 ( Yen Na Lee ),안화영 ( Hwa Young Ahn ),최성희 ( Sung Hee Choi ),문민경 ( Min Kyong Moon ),임수 ( Soo Lim ),장학철 ( Hak C. 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회지 Vol.84 No.2
Background/Aims: Both the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) play important roles in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. We investigated the interaction between FXR and PPARγ. Methods: Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice and FXR knockout (FXR-/-) mice were crossed to generate ApoE-/-FXR-/-mice. The mice were divided into ApoE-/-, ApoE-/-FXR-/-, and ApoE-/-FXR-/-+ pioglitazone groups. All mice were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. The ApoE-/-FXR-/-+ pioglitazone group was also treated with pioglitazone, 20 mg/kg body weight. Body weight, blood glucose level, lipid profile, and liver enzyme levels were measured. To evaluate atherosclerotic lesions, the aorta was stained with Oil red O. Results: There were no differences in body weight or blood glucose level among the three groups. The serum lipid concentration and liver enzyme levels increased in the ApoE-/-FXR-/- group compared with the ApoE-/- group (p<0.01). The ApoE-/-FXR-/-+ pioglitazone group had lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (55±4 vs. 28± 2mg/dL, p<0.01) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (797±26 vs. 682±47mg/dL, p=0.04) cholesterol than the ApoE-/-FXR-/- group. The respective percentages of aortic atherosclerotic plaques in the ApoE-/-, ApoE-/-FXR-/-, and ApoE-/-FXR-/-+ pioglitazone groups were 2.7±0.2%, 7.7±1.2%, and 18.6±1.0%. In ApoE-/-FXR-/- mice, the administration of pioglitazone significantly increased the number of atherosclerotic lesions (p=0.02). Conclusions: Pioglitazone increased the number of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/-FXR-/- mice. This suggests that when FXR is inhibited, the activation of PPARγ can aggravate atherosclerosis. (Korean J Med 2013;84:238-244)
( Sung Bum Cho ),( Yen Joo Kim ),( Won Hyung Choi ),( Chung Hwan Cheon ),( Ki Hoon Lee ),( Nam Kyu Zang ),( Jin Woong Kim ),( Young Eun Joo ),( Sung Kyu Choi ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1
Background: Liver abscess was very rare but serious complication lead to liver failure and fatal outcomes after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was evaluated to clinical features of TACE related liver abscess and predicting risk factors among HCC patients who developed postembolization syndrome after TACE. Methods: From January 2008 to December 2010, 13 patients of liver abscess which was undergone percutanous drainage developed in 2582 sessions of TACE. There was retrospectively analyzed to clinical features and predicting risk factors of liver abscess compared with control group who was selected 181 patients with fever after TACE. Results: The incidence of liver abscess was 0.5%. The etiologic types were necrosis related abscess (7 cases, 54%), biloma related abscess (4 cases, 31%), indirect abscess (2 cases, 15%). The mean interval time between percutanous drainage and TACE was 51±38 days. The positive culture rate was 69 % (9 cases) and organisms were enterococcus (4), Klebsiella pnemumoniae (2), Escherichia coli (1), Citrobacter (1) and Clostridium difficile (1). Abscess group was more higher peak AST level, peak bilirubin level, single nodular type HCC, Choledocholithiasis, air forming tumoral necrosis than control group. Independent predicting risk factors to abscess was only large air forming tumoral necrosis. The overall mortality rate of abscess was 61%. 6 patients were died caused by directly related to abscess. Conclusions: TACE related liver abscess was fatal infectious complication related to extensive air forming tumoral necrosis. The clinician should be considered to possibility of developing abscess in HCC patient with high risk factors after TACE.