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최윤희 우리어문학회 2003 우리어문연구 Vol.21 No.-
<NamJeongPalNanGi> is the work which clearly shows a change of distribution form. <NarqJeongPalNanGi> is a long piece novel of 14 section 14 volume. It was published for commercial lent and in a woodblock-printed book form. This paper studies that features of <NamJeongPalNanGi> went thorough changes of distribution form, that is, a book of pen-manship, a woodblock-printed book form and a printing type. Furthermore, the paper considers how the tendency of the work was transformed while the distribution form changed and how is the sense of beauty of readers and writers which was reflected <NamJeongPalNanGi>. I have found a multilateral faces of <NamJeongPalNanGi> and aspects of changes of the work historically and contemporarily through the study. And it was an opportunity to inquire into one example of a movement and change of old novels in the late Yi Dynasty the, as well. Thus is the meaning of this paper. This paper was proceeded as follows. First, the paper studied each variant text forms of <NamJeongPalNanGi> and classified them. Secondly the paper considers what characteristics of each variant texts are and how those transformed and the meaning of these developments. <NamJeongPalNanGi> are classified 14seCtion 14volume type→3section 3volume type→woodblock→printed book type(㉮→㉯→㉰) in order. long piece novels such as, 14section 14volume, were shortened to 3section 3volume and this change did not mean only shortening of the length. Changes came from distribution form of variant texts are classified to the change of narration view a b u t a hero, the change of war-story narration, the change of the later part of hero's life narration. First of all, a multiple main Character appears in the ㉮type, and their role is pretty important. However, their role was deleted or shrinked in the ㉯type and ㉰type. as a result of this, it was focused on a person called HwangGeuk. A personal hero was emphasized and one character was focused. Secondly, changes appeared in GunDam. Various kinds of war, strategy, tactics, Taoistic magic were frequently described in ㉮tYpe. shortenings and eliminations took place in GunDam novel such as, the ㉯type and the ㉰type. The shortening and elimination of war-story show some features as follows, Shortenings and eliminations pretty often took place in war-stories with southern barbarians. On the contrary, Taoistic magic or disposition of troops were less deleted. This means that stories became focused on the popular imagination than the interest through emperical imagination. Lastly, the part of HuIlDam which had been largely described by one sixth of the whole novel was been sharply decreased or eliminated in the ㉯series (This paper has excluded the ㉰series from the reference). This means that concerns of writers and readers decreased in the ending and their life after the success of characters. That is, we realize that the interest of writers and readers transferred to distinguish themselves rather than the enjoyment after the success. In brief, we can find signs of features of a group of here novels which were woodblock-printed started to appear features which partially extricated after the 18th century. Woodblock-printed type(even though they are missing volume) became close to hero novels which sought for the distribution for commercial popularity in stead of being eliminated features of long piece novel. The feature of works changed according to the distribution form change and this change was the compromise with expectation of writers and readers. In conclusion, <NmJeongPalNanGi> shows that the relation between changes of novel formand the expectation of writers and readers.
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산유체모델에 의한 Building downwash 현상 해석
구윤서,최상민,이진호,윤희영 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-
본 연구에서는 굴뚝주변에 위치한 건물에 의한 세류현상을 보다 정확히 모사하기 위해서 전산유체모델을 이용하였다. 계산 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해서 전산모델 계산치와 1993년 Thompson의 추적자 실험에 의한 실측치 및 대기 환경영향평가에 많이 사용되는 ISCST3 모델 계산치와 각각 비교하였다. ISCST3에서는 건물의 영향을 고려하기 위하여 BPIP을 이용, 건물의 높이와 폭을 결정하여 모델링을 수행하였다. 전산유체모델에서는 건물을 형상화시키고 굴뚝에서 오염물질을 배출시켜 확산 계산을 하였다. 전산유체모델로 모사한 결과, 건물의 후면에 wake가 발생하는 것을 볼 수 있었고, wake zone의 길이는 건물 높이의 약 2배가 되었다. 오염물질 농도를 비교한 결과 ISCST에서는 최대 농도값과 착지점이 일치하지 않았으나, 전산유체모델로 계산한 결과는 추적자 실험치와 거의 일치한 값을 나타냈다. This study used the computational fluid dynamic(CFD) for describing a dispersion influenced by building downwash. We compared calculated concentrations with Thompson's tracer experiment and ISCST3 models. In calculating ISCST3 model, BPIP(Building Profile Input Program) was used to estimate building heights & widths corresponding to a specific wind direction. Results show that ISCST3 model is not appropriate to describe the building downwash but CFD model, which calculates the flow fields and dispersions simultaneously, is in good agreement with tracer measurements. In order to describe the dispersion induced by building wake near the stack, it is recommended to use CFD model.
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Effects of β-Lapachone on Gastric Secretion
Yun-Bae Kim, Dongsun Park, In Geun Cho, Yun-Hui Yang, Jangbeen Kyung, Dajeong Kim, Ehn-Kyoung Choi, Tae Hwan Kwak3, Sang Ku Yoo 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2011 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.12 No.3
The effects of β-lapachone on gastric secretion were investigated. The pylorus of male Sprague-Dawley rats was ligated and intraduodenally injected with β-lapachone, and the volume, pH, free HCl, and total acidity of gastric fluid were measured 6 hours after the operation. Treatment with β-lapachone resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of gastric secretion Gastric fluid was reduced to 42.9% of control level by 100 mg/kg of β-lapachone, leading to an increase of pH to 6.70 from 1.85 in the control group. In parallel with the increase of pH, at this dosage, free HCl and total acidity decreased to 16.7% and 12.0%, respectively, of control levels. β-Lapachone exhibited ED50 values of 72, 46, and 47 mg/kg for inhibition of gastric volume, free HCl, and total acidity, respectively, implying a superior efficacy on gastric acid to volume. In comparison, pantoprazole (30 mg/kg) reduced the volume, free HCl and total acidity of gastric fluid to 53.0%, 26.0%, and 25.0%, respectively, of control levels, resulting in an increase in pH to 6.36. In the current study, it was confirmed that β-lapachone at an appropriate dose (100 mg/kg) exerted a higher inhibitory effect on gastric secretion than pantoprazole (30 mg/kg), a well-known proton-pump inhibitor. Therefore, it is suggested that β-lapachone could be a candidate compound for prevention or treatment of gastric ulcers induced by diverse psychological and physical stimuli.
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Yun, Hui-Jun,Choi, Hyun Ho,Kwon, Soon-Ki,Kim, Yun-Hi,Cho, Kilwon American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.10
<P>The fine tuning of the dominant polarity in polymer semiconductors is a key issue for high-performance organic complementary circuits. In this paper, we demonstrate a new methodology for addressing this issue in terms of molecular design. In an alternating conjugated donor–acceptor copolymer system, we systematically engineered the chemical linkages that connect the aromatic units in donor moieties. Three donor moieties, thiophene–vinylene–thiophene (TVT), thiophene–acetylene–thiophene (TAT), and thiophene–cyanovinylene–thiophene (TCNT), were combined with an acceptor moiety, thienoisoindigo (TIID), and finally, three novel TIID-based copolymers were synthesized: PTIID–TVT, PTIID–TAT, and PTIID–TCNT. We found that the vinylene, acetylene, and cyanovinylene linkages decisively affect the energy structure, molecular orbital delocalization, microstructure, and, <I>most importantly</I>, the dominant polarity of the polymers. The vinylene-linked PTIID–TVT field-effect transistors (FETs) exhibited intrinsic hole and electron mobilities of 0.12 and 1.5 × 10<SUP>–3</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1?</SUP>s<SUP>–1</SUP>, respectively. By contrast, the acetylene-linked PTIID–TAT FETs exhibited significantly improved intrinsic hole and electron mobilities of 0.38 and 0.03 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>, respectively. Interestingly, cyanovinylene-linked PTIID–TCNT FETs exhibited reverse polarity, with hole and electron mobilities of 0.07 and 0.19 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>. As a result, the polarity balance, which is quantified as the electron/hole mobility ratio, was dramatically tuned from 0.01 to 2.7. Our finding demonstrates a new methodology for the molecular design of high-performance organic complementary circuits.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-10/acsami.5b00073/production/images/medium/am-2015-00073f_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b00073'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Anti-Helicobacter pylori effects of IgY from egg york of immunized hens
Yun-Hui Yang,Dongsun Park,Goeun Yang,Sun Hee Lee,Dae Kwon Bae,Jangbeen Kyung,Dajeong Kim,Ehn-Kyoung Choi,Jae-Cheol Son,Seock-Yeon Hwang,Yun-Bae Kim 한국실험동물학회 2012 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.28 No.1
Effects of egg york containing IgY specific for Helicobacter pylori on the bacterial growth and intragastric infection were investigated in comparison with a proton-pump inhibitor pantoprazole. For in vitro antibacterial activity test, H. pylori (1*108 CFU/mL) was incubated with a serially diluted IgY for 3 days. As a result, IgY fully inhibited the bacterial growth at 16 mg/mL, which was determined to a minimal inhibitory concentration. In vivo elimination study, male C57BL/6 mice were infected with the bacteria by intragastric inoculation (1*108 CFU/mouse) 3 times at 2-day intervals, and 2 weeks later, orally treated twice a day with 50, 100, 200 or 500 mg/kg IgY for 18 days. After the final administration, biopsy sample of the gastric mucosa was assayed for the bacterial identification via urease, oxidase, catalase, nitrate reduction and H2S tests in addition to microscopic examination for mucosal inflammation. In CLO kit test, 75, 50, 12.5 and 12.5% of the animals revealed positive reaction following treatment with 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg IgY, respectively, resulting in a superior efficacy at 200 mg/kg than 30 mg/kg pantoprazole that displayed 75% elimination. The CLO test results were confirmed by bacterial identification. Microscopic examination revealed that H. pylori infection caused severe gastric mucosal inflammation, which were not observed in the CLO-negative mice following treatment with IgY or pantoprazole. Taken together, IgY inhibited the growth of H. pylori, and improved gastritis and villi injuries by eliminating the bacteria from the stomach. The results indicate that IgY could be a good candidate overcoming tolerance of antibiotics for the treatment of H. pylori-mediated gastric ulcers.
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