The v2.0+EDR Bluetooth SOC architecture for multimedia

Kim, Jeonghun,Choi, Youngwhan,Jeong, Jungwon,Lee, Suhho,Kim, Suki IEEE 2006 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS - Vol.52 No.2

This paper presents a Bluetooth system on chip (SOC) architecture for multimedia applications. The SOC includes all necessary baseband-parts, RF-parts, a sub-band codec (SBC) and an application processor to achieve a Bluetooth specification v2.0+EDR (enhanced data rate). Dual bus architecture is selected to improve data transmission efficiency between a baseband and a system bus. The receiver uses an optimized low-IF (1.5 MHz) architecture which is trade-off between power and performance on CMOS technology. The transmitter uses a direct up conversion architecture. This chip occupies a die size of 28 mm<SUP>2</SUP> in a 0.18 μm CMOS. This chip and a flash memory are put into multi chip package (MCP). The maximum current consumption of the total chip is 65 mA at the TX mode. The internal supply voltages of RF- and digital-parts are 1.8 V. First measurement results meet most of the Bluetooth specification v2.Q+EDR and show the suitability of the presented single-chip concept.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms linked to the SlMYB12 Gene that Controls Fruit Peel Color in Domesticated Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Kim, Bichsaem,Kim, Nahui,Kang, Jumsoon,Choi, Youngwhan,Sim, Sung-Chur,Min, Sung Ran,Park, Younghoon Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.4

Yellow or transparent fruit peel color is caused by the accumulation or lack of naringenin chalcone (NG, C) in fruit peel and determines the red or pink appearance of tomato fruit, respectively. NGC biosynthesis is regulated by the SlMYB12 gene of the Y locus on chromosome 1, and DNA markers derived from SlMYB12 would be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of tomato fruit color. To develop a gene-based marker, 4.9 kb of the SlMYB12 gene including a potential promoter region was sequenced from the red-fruited (YY) line 'FCR' and pink-fruited (yy) line 'FCP'. Sequence alignment of these SlMYB12 alleles revealed no sequence variations between 'FCR' and 'FCP'. To identify SlMYB12-linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 'FCR' and 'FCP' were genotyped using a SolCAP Tomato SNP array and CAPS markers (CAPS-456, 531, 13762, and 38123) were developed from the four SNPs (solcap_snp_sl_456, 531, 13762, and 38123) most closely flanking the SlMYB12. These CAPS markers were mapped using $F_2$ plants derived from 'FCR' ${\times}$ 'FCP'. The map positions of the fruit peel color locus (Y) were CAPS-13762 (0 cM) - 456 (11.09 cM) - Y (15.71 cM) - 38123 (17.82 cM) - 531 (30.86 cM), and the DNA sequence of SlMYB12 was physically anchored in the middle of CAPS-456 and CAPS-38123, indicating that fruit peel color in domesticated tomato is controlled by SlMYB12. A total of 64 SolCAP tomato germplasms were evaluated for their fruit peel color and SNPs located between solcap_snp_sl_456 and 38123. Seven SNPs that were detected in this interval were highly conserved for pink-fruited accessions and specific to transparent fruit peel traits, as depicted by a phenetic tree of 64 accessions based on the seven SNPs.

Relationship between grain filling duration and leaf senescence of temperate rice under high temperature

Kim, Junwhan,Shon, Jiyoung,Lee, Chung-Kuen,Yang, Woonho,Yoon, Youngwhan,Yang, Won-Ha,Kim, Yuon-Gyu,Lee, Byun-Woo Elsevier 2011 Field crops research Vol.122 No.3

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► We observed leaf senescence and grain filling process under high temperature. ► Grain filling process terminated before leaf senescence was completed under high temperature. ► Leaves keep its photosynthesis ability even after grain filling termination. ► Theses results support that grain filling duration depend on duration of sink activity rather than source activity under high temperature.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>High temperature during grain filling period has been reported to decrease the grain filling duration, leading to the lower grain weight and yield of rice. Two experiments in the phytotron and field were carried out to test the hypothesis that the leaf senescence of rice plants may determine the grain filling duration under high temperature. In the phytotron experiment in 2008, rice plants of a japonica cultivar “Ilpumbyeo” were subjected to three minimum/maximum (mean) temperature regimes of 11/19 (15), 17/25 (21), and 23/31°C (27°C). In the field experiment, rice seedlings of the same rice cultivar were transplanted on May 6th and June 19th in 2009 and the mean temperatures during the grain filling period were 24.4 and 21.9°C, respectively. Both experiments revealed consistently that high temperature increased the rates of grain filling and leaf senescence while it reduced the durations of them. However, grain filling was terminated earlier than complete leaf senescence, the time gap being greater at higher temperature. In addition, the fraction of dry matter partitioning to the leaf sheath+culm resumed to increase following the termination of grain filling under high temperature, indicating that leaves were still maintaining photosynthetic capacity and supplying assimilates into the other plant tissues except grain even after the termination of grain filling. These findings suggest that an early termination of grain filling in temperate rice under high temperature was not resulted from the lack of assimilate owing to the early leaf senescence but from the loss of sink activity owing to the earlier senescence of panicle.</P>

차량 통신 환경을 위한, ieee802.11a 성능 평가

김영환(Youngwhan Kim),최지영(Choe ji-Young),정무일(Moo-Il Jeong),신경숙(Kyeong-sook Shin),김태형(Taehyung Kim) 한국정보과학회 강원지부 2008 한국정보과학회 강원지부 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2 No.1

최근 몇 년 사이 전 세계적으로 지능형 교통망에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 기존의 DSRC와 같은 일방향 단순 정보 서비스보다 한 단계 진화한. 빠르게 움직이는 노드 간 통신에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 IEEE 표준화가 진행되고 있는 802.11p 표준 규격을 모델로 하여, 그 전 단계로써 같은 5G 대역인 802.11a를 이용하여 차량간 통신을 성능 평가한다.

포름알데히드 위해성 저감에 관한 연구

김영환(YoungWhan Kim),최달웅(DalWoong Choi) 고려대학교 보건과학연구소 2005 보건과학논집 Vol.31 No.2

  Mutiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a disease of complex etiology involving the central nervous system (CNS), respiratory and skin disorder. MCS symptoms reported by occupants of new or renewal buildings, termed the sick building syndrome (SBS) include irritation of the eyes, nose and throat, headache, nervousness and respiratory distress. Form??aldehyde (HCHO) is a toxic and irritant indoor air pollutant found at relatively high concentrations in new house, schools and offices in developed countries. Exposure to HCHO elicits a variety of allergic signs and symptoms and irritates the upper respiratory tract. According to the guidelines for indoor air environment proposed by World Health Organi??zation (WHO) and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan, the average level of HCHO in homes should be less than 0.08 ppm. However, the level of HCHO exceeds 0.08 ppm in many new or recently renewal buildings. The prevention and counterplan of the HCHO"s harm??fulness should be deal with urgently. Therefore, we explored the ability of charcoal to absorb and remove HCHO gas emitted from closed environments. Constant HCHO concentrations were maintained in artificial chamber for 2 days. The concentration of HCHO in the chamber was measured using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine cartridge. Charcoal effectively eliminated HCHO in the chamber and decreased HCHO-induced toxicity in mice. This effect of charcoal persisted for 2 days. Present study suggests that charcoal can be used to prevent MCS.

사전 지식을 이용한 가우시안 선형 구조 방정식 학습

김영환(Youngwhan Kim),김예술(Yesool Kim),박건웅(Gunwoong Park) 한국데이터정보과학회 2020 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.31 No.4

베이지안 네트워크를 이용한 변수간 방향성 관계 추론은 모집단에서 조차 불가능하다고 알려져 있었으나, 최근 연구에서 오차의 분산을 이용하여 가우시안 선형 구조방정식의 식별가능함을 증명하였다. 하지만 제안된 식별성 조건은 다양한 형태의 변수를 가진 데이터에서는 만족하기 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사전 지식을 활용하여 모델 식별성 가정이 만족하지 않더라도 가우시안 선형 구조 방정식을 학습하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 첫번째로 인과 및 방향성 관계를 알고 있는 노드 그룹과 모르는 노크 그룹을 나누고, 두번째로 모르는 노드 그룹에서의 오더링을 불확실성 점수로 학습하고, 마지막으로 조건부 독립관계를 통하여 변수간 방향성 선이 존재하는지 파악한다. 다양한 모의실험을 통하여 본 연구에서 제안한 방법이 기존의 선형 구조 방정식 학습에 쓰이는 Uncertainty Scoring (US), Greedy DAG Search (GDS), Linear non-Gaussian Models (LINGAM) 알고리즘들과 일반적인 방향성 비순환 그래피컬 모델 학습에 쓰이는 PC, Greedy Equivalent Search (GES) 알고리즘들보다 평균적으로 더 정확하게 그래프를 추정하는 것을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 실제 2014 - 2019년 부동산 거래 데이터에 적용하여 해석 가능한 변수간 관계를 찾는 것을 확인하였다. Learning Bayesian network remains an open challenge due to non-identifiability. Recent work proves that a Gaussian linear structural equation model can be identifiable using its error variances. However, the proposed model identifiability condition may not be satisfied for some data sets with different types of variables. In this work, we provide a new algorithm for learning Gaussian linear structural equation models using prior information, when the model identifiability conditions are not satisfied. The proposed method consists of three steps; (i) find the set of nodes of which causal and directional relationship are known; (ii) learn the ordering using uncertainty scores; and (iii) estimate directional edges using conditional independence tests. We verify through diverse numerical experiments that the proposed method performs better than the state-of-art Gaussian linear SEMs learning US, GDS, and LINGAM algorithms, and partial graph learning PC and GES algorithms. Lastly, the proposed algorithm is applied to real 2014 - 2019 real estate transaction data and finds explainable relationships between variables.

일부 대중 목욕탕 욕수의 레지오넬라균 분포실태 및 혈청학적 특성

김영환(YoungWhan Kim),문경환(KyongWhan Moon),이장희(JangHee Lee),조일형(IlHyung Cho),김미라(MiRa Kim) 고려대학교 보건과학연구소 2004 보건과학논집 Vol.30 No.1

This study was to determine the prevalence of Legionella species in public spas and to know that the presence of Legionella was correlated with other microbiological parameters. A total of 81 water samples were collected from 30 different public spas and sudatoriums so called zzimzilbang in Korea. Although Legionella was not detected in raw water(tap water) and the cold tub water, of the 38 samples of hot and warm water taken from public tubs, 11 samples(28.8%) were found to be positive for Legionella spp. All of the isolates were identified as a species L. pneumophila serogroups 1 and 2-14 by latex agglutination. The levels of L. pneumophila were fairly distributed over a broad range of concentrations from <10² cfu/㎖ to 10⁴ /㎖, with 1 of a spas in the <100 cfu/㎖, 4 spas in the 10² to 10³ cfu/㎖, and 2 spas had levels of culturable L. pneumophila. >104 cfu/㎖. And HPC concentrations in all spa waters isolated Legionella were above the level of 104 cfu/ml. Total coliforms were detected in 45% of the samples and were grew in even raw water. But total coliform was not detected in the majority of Legionella-positive samples. The correlation between the presence of Legionella and total coliforms was not showed in the tub water. On the basis of these results, it would appeared that Legionella proliferate primarily in inadequate tubs to control the total bacteria numbers.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms linked to the SlMYB12 Gene that Controls Fruit Peel Color in Domesticated Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Bichsaem Kim,Nahui Kim,Jumsoon Kang,Youngwhan Choi,Sung-Chur Sim,Sung Ran Min,Younghoon Park 한국원예학회 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.4

Yellow or transparent fruit peel color is caused by the accumulation or lack of naringenin chalcone (NG, C) in fruit peel and determines the red or pink appearance of tomato fruit, respectively. NGC biosynthesis is regulated by the SlMYB12 gene of the Y locus on chromosome 1, and DNA markers derived from SlMYB12 would be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of tomato fruit color. To develop a gene-based marker, 4.9 kb of the SlMYB12 gene including a potential promoter region was sequenced from the red-fruited (YY) line ‘FCR’ and pink-fruited (yy) line ‘FCP’. Sequence alignment of these SlMYB12 alleles revealed no sequence variations between ‘FCR’ and ‘FCP’. To identify SlMYB12-linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), ‘FCR’ and ‘FCP’ were genotyped using a SolCAP Tomato SNP array and CAPS markers (CAPS-456, 531, 13762, and 38123) were developed from the four SNPs (solcap_snp_sl_456, 531, 13762, and 38123) most closely flanking the SlMYB12. These CAPS markers were mapped using F2 plants derived from ‘FCR’ × ‘FCP’. The map positions of the fruit peel color locus (Y) were CAPS-13762 (0 cM) - 456 (11.09 cM) - Y (15.71 cM) - 38123 (17.82 cM) - 531 (30.86 cM), and the DNA sequence of SlMYB12 was physically anchored in the middle of CAPS-456 and CAPS-38123, indicating that fruit peel color in domesticated tomato is controlled by SlMYB12. A total of 64 SolCAP tomato germplasms were evaluated for their fruit peel color and SNPs located between solcap_snp_sl_456 and 38123. Seven SNPs that were detected in this interval were highly conserved for pink-fruited accessions and specific to transparent fruit peel traits, as depicted by a phenetic tree of 64 accessions based on the seven SNPs.

활성산소와 휘발성유기화합물류에 대한 노출이 세포 증식에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

김영환(YoungWhan Kim),최달웅(DalWoong Choi) 고려대학교 보건과학연구소 2006 보건과학논집 Vol.32 No.1

  Oxidative stress is easily induced by volatile organic compounds. The adverse health effects of a number of environment pollutions are related to the formation of free radicals and oxidative stress. Induction of antioxidant defensive system in the response to an oxidative attack is an essential element of the organism to survive. Oxidative stress includes formation of hydrogen peroxide. Volatile organic compounds are constituents of numerous industrial and commercial products such as solvents, paints and unleaded gasoline. Their high toxic potential and liposolubility make these compounds important health hazards. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of reactive oxygen species and volatile organic compounds on the cell proliferation. Cell proliferation was measured after 24h treatment with volatile organic compounds such as benzene, xylene, chloroform, propanol, hexane or tetrachloroethylene. The cell proliferation was not modified after exposure of benzene(100 mM), propanol(100 mM) or hexane (100 mM). Treatment of xylene(100 mM), chloroform(100 mM) and tetrachloro-ethylene(100 mM) strongly inhibited the cell proliferation. However, treatment of 10 mM xylene, 10mM chloroform and 10mM tetrachloroethylene showed no effects on cell proliferation. Cell proliferation was also measured after 24 h co-exposure of volatile organic compounds and hydrogen peroxide. Addition of hydrogen peroxide did not modify the cell proliferation pattern induced by volatile organic compounds. Any additive effect of hydrogen peroxide was not observed. These results show that volatile organic compounds induce inhibition of cell proliferation with different potency. Future studies will concentrate on the mechanism of the chemical interaction.

Common LISP 상의 한글 개발 환경 구축

김석원(Seokwon Kim),홍진수(Jinsoo Hong),김영환(Youngwhan Kim),김진형(Jinhyung Kim) 한국정보과학회 1987 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.14 No.2

Common LISP 상에서 한글 처리가 용이한 개발환경을 구축함은, 현재 개발 중에 있는 복합형 인공지능 개발 시스템 HyKET(Hybrid Knowledge Engineering Tool)의 기본이 되는 부분이다. 본 논문은 Common LISP 상의 한글 개발환경으로서 구현된 입력 편집기(Input Editor)와 화면 편집기(한글 GMACS) 개발에 대하여 설명한다. 이들 시스템은 개인용 컴퓨터(IBM-PC)에서 인공지능 시스템 개발용으로 많이 사용되는 GCLISP(Golden Common LISP) 상에 구현하였다.