The Effect of Transformation on the Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Xue-Mei Zhang,Yi-Bing Yin,Dan Zhu,Bao-De Chen,Jin-Yong Luo,Yi-Ping Deng,Ming-Fang Liu,Shu-Hui Chen,Jiang-Ping Meng,Kai Lan,Yuan-Shuai Huang,Ge-Fei Kang 한국미생물학회 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.4

Although pneumococcus is one of the most frequently encountered opportunistic pathogen in the world, the mechanisms responsible for its infectiveness have not yet been fully understood. In this paper, we have attempted to characterize the effects of pneumococcal transformation on the pathogenesis of the organism. We constructed three transformation-deficient pneumococcal strains, which were designated as Nos. 1d, 2d, and 22d. The construction of these altered strains was achieved via the insertion of the inactivated gene, comE, to strains 1, 2 and 22. We then conducted a comparison between the virulence of the transformation-deficient strains and that of the wild-type strains, via an evaluation of the ability of each strain to adhere to endothelial cells, and also assessed psaA mRNA expression, and the survival of hosts after bacterial challenge. Compared to what was observed with the wild-type strains, our results indicated that the ability of all of the transformation-deficient strains to adhere to the ECV304 cells had been significantly reduced (p < 0.05), the expression of psaA mRNA was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in strains 2d and 22d, and the median survival time of mice infected with strains 1d and 2d was increased significantly after intraperitoneal bacterial challenge (p < 0.05). The results of our study also clearly indicated that transformation exerts significant effects on the virulence characteristics of S. pneumoniae, although the degree to which this effect is noted appears to depend primarily on the genetic background of the bacteria.

THE Z-PHASE IN 9Cr FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC HEAT RESISTANT STEEL

Yin, F.S.,Chen, F.X.,Jiang, X.B.,Xue, B.,Zhou, L.,Jung, W.S. World Scientific Publishing 2009 International Journal of Modern Physics B Vol.23 No.6

The Effect of Transformation on the Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Zhang Xue-Mei,Yin Yi-Bing,Zhu Dan,Chen Bao-De,Luo Jin-Yong,Deng Vi-Ping,Liu Ming-Fang,Chen Shu-Hui,Meng Jiang-Ping,Lan Kai,Huang Yuan-Shuai,Kang Ge-Fei The Microbiological Society of Korea 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.4

Although pneumococcus is one of the most frequently encountered opportunistic pathogen in the world, the mechanisms responsible for its infectiveness have not yet been fully understood. In this paper, we have attempted to characterize the effects of pneumococcal transformation on the pathogenesis of the organism. We constructed three transformation-deficient pneumococcal strains, which were designated as Nos. 1d, 2d, and 22d. The construction of these altered strains was achieved via the insertion of the inactivated gene, comE, to strains 1, 2 and 22. We then conducted a comparison between the virulence of the transformation-deficient strains and that of the wild-type strains, via an evaluation of the ability of each strain to adhere to endothelial cells, and also assessed psaA mRNA expression, and the survival of hosts after bacterial challenge. Compared to what was observed with the wild-type strains, our results indicated that the ability of all of the transformation-deficient strains to adhere to the ECV304 cells had been significantly reduced (p < 0.05), the expression of psaA mRNA was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in strains 2d and 22d, and the median survival time of mice infected with strains Id and 2d was increased significantly after intraperitoneal bacterial challenge (p < 0.05). The results of our study also clearly indicated that transformation exerts significant effects on the virulence characteristics of S. pneumoniae, although the degree to which this effect is noted appears to depend primarily on the genetic background of the bacteria.

Oxidation of cyclopentene catalyzed by phosphotungstic quaternary ammonium salt catalysts

Jinjuan Xue,Aili Wang,Jingbo Wang,Dongzhi Zhang,Weiguang Chen,Longbao Yu,Tingshun Jiang,Hengbo Yin 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.2

A series of phosphotungstic quaternary ammonium salts, Q3 (PW12O40) and Q3(PW4O16) [Q = (C5H5)N+(C16H33), (C16H33)N+(CH3)3, (C4H9)4N+, and (CH3)4N+], were used as the catalysts in oxidation of cyclopentene. The catalysts [(C5H5)N(C16H33)]3(PW4O16) and [(C16H33)N(CH3)3]3(PW4O16) showed high catalytic activity in the selective oxidation of cyclopentene while using H2O2 (50%) as an oxidant and 2-propanol as a solvent. The oxidation products mainly consisted of glutaraldehyde, cis-1,2-cyclopentanediol and trans-1,2-cyclopentanediol. The above-mentioned two catalysts were dissolved completely in the reaction medium during the catalysis process and precipitated themselves from the reaction system after reaction, showing the characteristics of reaction-controlled phase-transfer catalysis. The types of quaternary ammonium cations and the phosphotungstic anions in phosphotungstic quaternary ammonium salts affected catalytic activity.

Oxidation of cyclopentene catalyzed by tungsten-substituted molybdophosphoric acids

Jinjuan Xue,Haixia Li,Dongzhi Zhang,Tingshun Jiang,Longbao Yu,Yutang Shen,Hengbo Yin 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.3

A series of Keggin type tungsten-substituted molybdophosphoric acids (H3PMo12−nWnO40·XH2O) were synthesized and characterized by ICP-AES, FT-IR, TG-DSC, and XRD. The tungsten substitution extent significantly affected their catalytic activity in the oxidation of cyclopentene and the selectivity of the resultant products. The tungsten-substituted molybdophosphoric acids with tungsten substitution numbers in a range of 3-6.8 exhibited high catalytic activity in the oxidation of cyclopentene. After reaction for 8 h, the conversion of cyclopentene was up to 97%; the oxidation products mainly consisted of glutaraldehyde, cis-1,2-cyclopentanediol and trans-1,2-cyclopentanediol with the yields of ca. 23%, 27%, and 45%, respectively.

Hydrophilic Finishing of PET Fabrics by Applying Chitosan and the Periodate Oxidized β-cyclodextrin for Wash Resistance Improvement

Chaoqian Lou,Yuanyuan Yin,Xiuzhi Tian,Haibo Deng,Yingxia Wang,Xue Jiang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.1

β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was oxidized by sodium periodate to yield a mixture of dialdehyde oligosaccharides. Theperiodate-oxidized β-CD (O-β-CD) together with chitosan (CTS) was firstly used to finish poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) fabrics by immersion-padding method, in which O-β-CD acted as a hydrophilic finishing agent plus a cross-linker. Theprocesses including the periodate oxidization of β-CD and the CTS/O-β-CD hydrophilic finishing of PET fabrics were ecofriendly. The results from the hydroxylamine hydrochloride titration showed that the aldehyde content in O-β-CD was3.0 mmol/g. With increasing the CTS/O-β-CD mass ratio, the finished fabric had better hydrophilic properties. When theCTS/O-β-CD mass ratio was 1:1, the moisture regain and water drops wetting time of the finished fabric reached 1.85 % and5.06 s, respectively. They became 1.50 % and 5.70 s, respectively after 25 times of laundering cycle. The occurrence of crosslinkingbetween O-β-CD and CTS was confirmed by the gel test and FT-IR characterization. The cross-linking networkdeposited on the fiber surface brought on excellent wash resistance of the CTS/O-β-CD finished PET fabrics.

Modification of Wool via Grafting β-cyclodextrin Oxidized by Sodium Periodate

Chaoqian Lou,Yuanyuan Yin,Xiuzhi Tian,Haibo Deng,Yingxia Wang,Xue Jiang 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.8

The modification of wool fabrics is significant in preparation of functional textiles. Sodium periodate oxidized β-cyclodextrin was grafted onto wool fabric through Schiff base reaction to obtain fabric with controlled release property. β-cyclodextrin was oxidized to aldehyde-β-cyclodextrin, and the results show that the inclusion constant and aldehyde contentof aldehyde-β-cyclodextrin are varied with the reaction parameters such as molar ratio of reaction agents and the reactiontemperature. The degree of oxidation was confirmed by ion chromatography. The drug loading test shows that the oxidizedcyclodextrin still had inclusion ability towards phenolphthalein, while the inclusion constant was only 50 % of the original β-CD. The ATR-FTIR spectra proved the occurrence of grafting reaction between the aldehyde groups of aldehyde-β-cyclodextrin and the amino groups on wool fiber. The aldehyde-β-cyclodextrin grafted wool fabric show great washingdurability even after 5 washing cycles. Compared with the aldehyde-β-cyclodextrin power, the inclusion ability of aldehyde-β-cyclodextrin fixed on the wool fiber decreased by 60 %.

Adsorption of mixed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surfactant solutions by activated carbon

Jianfei Liu,Jiajun Chen,Lin Jiang,Xue Yin 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.2

The adsorption behavior of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in TX100 solution by activatedcarbon was studied aiming at surfactant recovery. Adsorption experiments were conducted in batch andcolumn models. The adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models and pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Regarding column adsorption,the exhausting time of TX100 was shorter than the breakthrough time of PAH in the fixed AC column. This finding indicates the feasibility of reusing surfactants from soil-washing solutions. The total costscan reduce about $ 0.57 per 10 L washing solution with AC adsorption.

Selective hydrogenation of maleic anhydride to g-butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran by Cu–Zn–Zr catalyst in the presence of ethanol

Dongzhi Zhang,Chen Ge,Jinjuan Xue,Tingshun Jiang,Longbao Yu,Yutang Shen,Hengbo Yin 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.4

A series of Cu–Zn–Zr catalysts were prepared by a coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature programmed reduction, and N2 adsorption. The catalytic activity of the Cu–Zn–Zr catalyst in the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride using ethanol as a solvent was studied at 220–280℃ and 1 MPa. Maleic anhydride was mainly hydrogenated to gbutyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran while ethanol dehydrogenated to ethyl acetate. After reduction, CuO species present in the calcined Cu–Zn–Zr catalysts were converted to metallic copper (Cu0). The presence of ZrO2 favored the deep hydrogenation of g-butyrolactone to tetrahydrofuranwhile the presence of ZnO was beneficial to the formation of the intermediate product g-butyrolactone. The molar ratios of the hydrogen produced in ethanol dehydrogenation to the hydrogen consumed in maleic anhydride hydrogenation increased with the increase of the reaction temperature.

Inhibition of microRNA-214 promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition process and induces interstitial cystitis in postmenopausal women by upregulating Mfn2

Jian-Wei Lv,Wei Wen,Chen Jiang,Qi-Bo Fu,Yin-Jun Gu,Ting-Ting Lv,Zhen-Dong Li,Wei Xue 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-

Our study aims to investigate the roles that microRNA-214 (miR-214) plays in the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and the development of interstitial cystitis (IC) in postmenopausal women by targeting Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2). IC bladder tissues and adjacent normal bladder tissues were collected from postmenopausal women. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was conducted. The target relationship between miR-214 and Mfn2 was determined by a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were extracted from postmenopausal rats and assigned to the blank, mimics, miR-214 inhibitors, mimics negative control (NC), inhibitors NC, Mfn2 siRNA, miR-214 inhibitors and Mfn2 siRNA groups. Exosomes secreted by transfected ADMSCs were instilled into the bladders of postmenopausal rats. The expression of miR-214 and Mfn2 mRNA and EMT markers was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. It was confirmed that Mfn2 was the target gene of miR-214 in IC. Compared with the normal bladder tissues, miR-214 decreased, but Mfn2 increased in IC bladder tissues. Compared with the blank group, the expression of miR-214 and the expression levels of N-cadherin, Fibronectin, Twist1, Snail and Vimentin mRNA and protein increased, whereas the expression levels of Mfn2, E-cadherin and ZO-1 mRNA and protein decreased in the miR-214 mimics and Mfn2 groups. The expression of MiR-214 and the expression levels of N-cadherin, Fibronectin, Twist1, Snail and Vimentin mRNA and protein decreased, whereas the expression levels of Mfn2, E-cadherin and ZO-1 mRNA and protein increased in the miR-214 inhibitors group. Our findings indicate that the inhibition of miR-214 promotes the EMT process and contributes to bladder wall fibrosis by up-regulating Mfn2, thus leading to the occurrence of IC in postmenopausal women.