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Effect of Salinity on Lignin and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Contents in Rice
Wi Seung Gon,Kim Jae-Sung,Kim Jin-Hong,Baek Myung Hwa,Yang Dae-Hwa,Lee Myung Chul,Chung Byung Yeoup The Korean Society of Crop Science 2004 Korean journal of crop science Vol.49 No.5
The lignin contents between IR-29 and Pokkali were not significantly different in the absence of NaCl, but they were slightly increased at 40 mM NaCl. Although lignin contents were not relatively significantly different between salt treated and control plants, the total yields of alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation ranged from 17.4-20.0 mg/g of cell wall residue at 40 mM NaCl were significantly different compared with control plants (11.8-12.2 mg/g). The total amounts of ester-linked hydroxycin-namic acids in IR-29 were decreased from 14.5 to 9.9mg/g, while Pokkali is almost same levels (14.9-15.0 mg/g) under treated and control with 40 mM NaCl. In contrast, the total amounts of ether-linked hydroxycinnamic acids were increased from 9.4 to 13.9 mg/g together with an opposite trend in Pokkali as a decrease 10.9 to 8.8 mg/g under treated and control with 40 mM NaCl. These results revealed that IR-29 is more sensitive in response to 40 mM NaCl in terms of hydroxycinnamic acids than Pokkali.
Effect of Salinity on Lignin and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Contents in Rice
Seung Gon Wi,Jae-Sung Kim,Jin-Hong Kim,Myung Hwa Baek,Dae-Hwa Yang,Myung Chul Lee,Byung Yeoup Chung 韓國作物學會 2004 Korean journal of crop science Vol.49 No.5
The production of sweet (su) and super sweet corns (sh2) has been economically feasible in Korea in recent years. Major factors limiting super sweet corn production are low germination and low seedling vigor. Since seed quality is closely related to seed maturity, the optimum harvest time for the seed production of sweet and super sweet corns was studied and the quality of seeds with varying maturities was investigated in 2001 and 2002 cropping seasons. The parents of the sweet corn seeds were Hybrid Early Sunglow and 'Golden Cross Bantam 70' and those of super sweet corn were Xtrasweet 82 and 'For-tune'. Seeds were harvested at 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 days after silking (DAS). As the seeds developed, seed weight of sweet corn increased and the seed moisture content decreased faster than that of super sweet corn. Germination rates of sweet corn seeds harvested 21 and 28 DAS at 25~circC and emergence rates in the cold soil test were significantly lower than those of seeds harvested after 42 DAS in both years. Although the germination rates of super sweet corn seeds with varying maturities showed similar patterns as sweet corn seeds at 25~circC , the emergence rate of super sweet corn seeds in cold soil test continuously increased with seed maturity. This suggests that seed quality of super sweet corn should be tested in a cold soil test to estimate field emergence. As the seeds developed, leakage of total sugars and electrolytes from the both sweet and super sweet corn seeds decreased up to 42 or 49 DAS. The α-amylase activities of both sweet and super sweet corn seeds increased with seed maturity from 21 to 35 or 49 DAS depending on genotype and year. The optimum harvest time for the seed production of sweet corn was 42 DAS and 49 DAS for super sweet corn considering emergence rate and plumule dry weight in the cold soil test, leakage of sugars and electrolytes from the seeds, and α-amylase activity.
Seung Myung Wi,Hui Jong Lee,Sam Yeol Chang,Oh Hyo Kwon,Choon-Ki Lee,Bong-Soon Chang,Hyoungmin Kim 대한정형외과학회 2019 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.11 No.1
Background: In lumbar spinal stenosis, spinous process-splitting decompression has demonstrated good clinical outcomes with preservation of the posterior ligamentous complex and paraspinal muscles in comparison to conventional laminectomy, but the radiological consequence and clinical impact of the split spinous processes have not been fully understood. Methods: Seventy-three patients who underwent spinous process-splitting decompression were included. The bone union rate and pattern were evaluated by computed tomography performed 6–18 months after surgery and compared among subgroups divided according to the number of levels decompressed and the extent of spinous process splitting. The bone union pattern was classified into three categories: complete union, partial union, and nonunion. The visual analog scale (VAS) score, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and walking distance assessed both before and 24–36 months after surgery were compared among subgroups divided according to the union pattern of the split spinous process. Results: Overall, the rates of complete union, partial union, and nonunion were 51.7%, 43.2%, and 5.1%, respectively. In the subgroup with partial splitting of the spinous process, the rates were 85.7%, 14.3%, and 0%, respectively; those of the subgroup with total splitting of the spinous process were 32.9%, 59.2%, and 7.9%, respectively. With single-level decompression, a higher rate of union was observed compared with multilevel decompression. The VAS, ODI, and walking distance were significantly improved after surgery and did not differ according to the degree of union of the split spinous process. Conclusions: We found that the single-level operation and partial splitting of the spinous process were favourable factors for obtaining complete restoration of the posterior bony structure of the lumbar spine in spinous process-splitting decompression.
Wi Seung Myung,Park Sang-Min,Chang Sam Yeol,Lee Jeongik,Kim Sung-Min,장봉순,Kim Hyoungmin 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.6
Study Design: Retrospective case series. Purpose: To evaluate the risks and causes of neurologic complications in three-column spinal surgery by analyzing intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) data. Overview of Literature: Three-column spinal surgery, which may be required to correct complex spinal deformities or resection of spinal tumors, is known to carry a high risk of neurologic complications. However, few studies reported a specific surgical procedure related to a significant IONM signal change during surgery. Methods: Multimodality IONM data, including somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEP) and motor-evoked potentials (MEP), were reviewed in 64 patients who underwent three-column spinal surgery from 2011 to 2015. Surgical procedures included posterior vertebral column resection, pedicle subtraction osteotomy, total en bloc spondylectomy, piecemeal spondylectomy, and corpectomy with laminectomy (n=27) in three cervical, 34 thoracic, and 31 lumbar procedures. Results: Significant IONM signal changes occurred in 11 of 64 (17.1%) patients. SSEP and MEP were changed in 11 patients. Postoperative neurologic deterioration occurred in 54.5% (6 of 11) of the patients, and two of them were permanent. There was no postoperative neurologic deterioration in patients without significant signal change. Suspected causes of IONM data changes are as follows: adhesion/tethering, translation, contusion, and perfusion. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, to enhance neurologic safety in three-column spinal surgery, surgeons should pay attention to protect the spinal cord from mechanical insult, especially when the spinal column was totally destabilized during surgery, and not to compromise perfusion to the spinal cord in close cooperation with a neurologist and anesthesiologist.
Seung Myung Wi,공현식,배기정,노영학,이영호,백구현 대한정형외과학회 2014 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.6 No.2
Background: The Korean version of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (K-MHQ) was recently validated; however, the questionnaire’s responsiveness as well as the degree to which the instrument is sensitive to change has not been thoroughly evaluated in a specific condition in Koreans. We evaluated the responsiveness of the K-MHQ in a homogenous cohort of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and we compared it with that of the Korean version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (K-DASH), which was found to have a large degree of responsiveness after carpal tunnel release for Korean patients with CTS. Methods: Thirty-seven patients with CTS prospectively completed the K-MHQ and the K-DASH before and 6 months after surgery. The responsiveness statistics were assessed for both the K-MHQ and the K-DASH by using the standardized response mean (SRM), which was defined as the mean change of the original scores after surgery divided by the standard deviation of the change. Results: All domains of the K-MHQ significantly improved after carpal tunnel release (p < 0.001). The SRM for all scales but one (the aesthetics scale) showed large responsiveness of ≥ 0.8. The aesthetics scale showed medium responsiveness of 0.6. The combined function/symptom scale of the K-DASH significantly improved after surgery (p < 0.001). The SRM of the K-DASH revealed large responsiveness of 0.9. Conclusions: The K-MHQ was found to have a large degree of responsiveness after carpal tunnel release for Korean patients with CTS, which is comparable not only to the K-DASH, but also to the original version of the MHQ. The region-specific K-MHQ can be useful for outcomes research related to carpal tunnel surgery, especially for research comparing CTS with various other hand and wrist health conditions.
Myung-Sang Moon,Won Rak Choi,Hyeon Gyu Lim,Sang-Yup Lee,Seung Myung Wi 대한정형외과학회 2021 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.13 No.1
Background: There are many studies on the vertebral body-to-canal ratio, the so-called Pavlov’s ratio of the cervical spine. However, there are no studies on its relation with age to clarify each bony component’s contribution to the spinal canal formation and its size. The aim of this study was to investigate differences and changes in the vertebral body-to-canal ratio according to age in an asymptomatic population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 280 asymptomatic individuals. A total of 140 men and 140 women representing each decade of life from the first to the seventh were included in this study. The anteroposterior length of the vertebral body and canal from C3 to C6 was measured on sagittal radiographs to calculate the vertebral body-to-canal ratio. Results: The average Pavlov’s ratio was significantly larger (p < 0.001) in the first decade of life. The average Pavlov’s ratio of the individuals in the first decade of life was 1.09 between C3 and C6 (1.08 at C3, 1.07 at C4, 1.11 at C5, and 1.13 at C6; range, 0.78–1.51). There was no significant difference among the other decades of life. Conclusions: We assessed the Pavlov’s ratio of the cervical spine in an asymptomatic population. It is our belief that the spinal canal size is the largest in the first decade of life, and the Pavlov’s ratio becomes almost fixed throughout life after maturity.