Shortening in Korean

Weon-Don Jeong 한국음운론학회 1997 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.3 No.-

Jeong, Weon-Don. 1997. Shortening in Korean. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 3. 265-277. This paper deals with shortening phenomena in Korean. Among them, we examine formation of shortening, types of shortening, and properties of shortening. First, we show that shortening is often formed by partial deletion and attachment, and sometimes by glide formation. Second, we discuss that shortened forms are found not only in nouns and verbs but also in words and phrases, and that they occur in an optional way and in an obligatory way. Finally, we investigate that shortening is shown in casual style, that it changes form, that it is regarded as a process of deletion and attachment, and that it is not governed by phonological condition. (Semyung University)

A Study on the Hopfield Neural Scheme for Data Association in Multi­Target Tracking

Lee, Yang­-Weon The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2003 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.7 No.8

In this paper, we have developed the MHDA scheme for data association. This scheme is important in providing a computationally feasible alternative to complete enumeration of JPDA which is intractable. We have proved that given an artificial measurement and track's configuration, MHDA scheme converges to a proper plot in a finite number of iterations. Also, a proper plot which is not the global solution can be corrected by re­initializing one or more times. In this light, even if the performance is enhanced by using the MHDA, we also note that the difficulty in tuning the parameters of the MHDA is critical aspect of this scheme. The difficulty cat however, be overcome by developing suitable automatic instruments that will iteratively verify convergence as the network parameters vary. 본 논문에서는 다중표적 추적을 위한 데이터 결합 기법 중에서 MHDA 스킴을 제안하였다. 이 구조는 기본의 JPDA보다 계산면에서 단축이 가능하여 실제 응용에 많은 적용이 기대된다. 인위적인 측정값과 표적을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과 MHDA는 기존의 JPDA보다 성능도 비슷한 특성을 보이는 것을 확인하였다.

백석 시집『사슴』의 시어 양상 연구

박순원(Park, Soon-Weon) 한국시학회 2015 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.44

이 연구는『한국 현대시어 빈도사전』을 활용하여 백석 시집『사슴』의 시어의 양상을 밝히는 것을 목적으로 진행되었다.『사슴』시어의 총량, 품사별 비율, 출현빈도, 반복지수 등을 현대시 코퍼스와 대조하여 그 양상을 구체적으로 드러내는 것이다.『한국 현대시어 빈도사전』은 한국현대시 데이터베이스 구축 사업을 통해 만들어진 한국현대시 코퍼스(Korean Moderen Poetry Corpus : 약칭 KoPoCo)의 시어 빈도에 관한 여러 가지 의미 있는 정보를 모은 것이다. 『사슴』시어의 양상 중 가장 두드러진 특징은 일반명사가 많은 비중을 차지하고 있다는 점과 반복지수가 현저히 낮다는 점을 들 수 있다. 특히 반복지수는 1.58로 매우 낮은 값을 보이고 있으며, 이는 하나의 어휘에 대한 출현빈도가 2회를 넘지 않는다는 것이고, 사슴이 그 시어 총량에 비해 매우 다채로운 언어로 구성되어 있음을 보이는 것이다. 1회 출현빈도 어휘를 조사한 결과 어휘 종수 대비 75%, 출현빈도 대비 45%의 높은 비중을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 사슴에만 쓰인 시어, 즉 백석의 개인 시어라 할 수 있는 어휘도 적지 않은데, 그 중 대부분은 일반명사가 차지하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 그 일반명사 목록을 통해 백석이 그의 초기시에 해당되는 사슴만으로도 우리 현대시어의 확장에 양적으로나 질적으로나 상당한 기여를 하고 있는 것을 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 『사슴』의 시어를『한국 현대시어 빈도사전』에서 대조하는 과정에서 몇 가지 문제점이 발견되었다. 단순 오타의 문제, 의미 해석의 문제 등과 더불어 누락되어 찾을 수 없는 경우가 있었고, 그 외에도 표준국어대사전에 등재된 표제어를 기계적으로 적용하여 문제가 될 만한 부분을 확인할 수 있었다. 미처 발견되지 못한 문제가 더 있을 수도 있겠으나, 현재 발견된 어휘 수로는 통계 값 전반을 무의미하게 만들 정도는 아니라고 판단된다. 그러나 이는 반드시 수정, 보완되어야 할 사항으로 보인다. The purpose of this study is to reveal the appearance of poetic words in Deer by using The frequency dictionary for the words of Korea"s modern poetry. The main content is the total amount, parts of speech rate and frequency of appearance of Deer"s poetic words, through contrast with Korean modern poetry poetic words corpus. The frequency dictionary for the words of Korea"s modern poetry is a collection of various information, which is important for the frequency of Korean modern poetry poetic words. The most important features of poetic words in Deer is that the common noun occupies a large proportion and that the number of the words are repeated significantly lower. The number of the words are repeated is 1.58. This is evidence that Deer consists of a wide variety of poetic words. Researching poetic words appeared once, it was confirmed that they are taking a very high proportion. Poetic words used only in Deer is also very much. And most of them are occupied common noun. Through the course of the study progress, it revealed several problems of The frequency dictionary for the words of Korea"s modern poetry. The problem is just misprints and words missing ect. Although minor problems, The wrong part of The frequency dictionary for the words of Korea"s modern poetry must be corrected.

사람唾液의 Cl 血型分泌型에 關한 硏究

朴淳元,韓元東 大韓法醫學會 1979 대한법의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Moon and Wiener had demonstrated new blood factor "Cl" with anti-Cl lectin prepared from extracts of seeds of Korean Clerodendron trichotomum THUNBERG by absorption of selected human red blood cells. After that, Moon et al. had reported that Cl type specific substance in distributed in human saliva, too. Therefore, human saliva can be classified into two type, secretor of Cl (Sc) and non-secretor of Cl (nSc). To study on the frequency of Sc and nSc, relation with ABH type secretor and hereditary pattern of Cl secretors, agglutination inhibition test of anti-Cl lectin was carried out with human saliva by standard method, and the results can be summarized as follows; 1. Cl positive type can be classified secretor and non-secretor of Cl by human saliva, but Cl negative type is reacted as only non-secretor of Cl. 2. The secretor status of Cl is quite different from ABH secretor. 3. It appears that the inheritance of the saliva type of Cl follows the Mendelian law with the non-secretor of Cl transmitted through recessive genes.

태국 회사법의 우리 회사법에의 시사점에 관한 소고

김원규 한남대학교 사회과학연구소 2008 사회과학연구 Vol.17 No.-

세계화시대에 선진 제 외국의 상사법에 대한 연구는 중요하다. 그러나 그 외 중견 국가의 법체계를 검토하는 것도 법의 본연의 역할 면에서 본다면 통제나 보호 기능에서 우리에게 시사하는 점이 있다는 점에서 나름의 의미가 있다고 본다. 특히 중소 회사에 속하는 비공개주식회사에 관하여 중점적으로 검토해 봄으로써 현재 우리 경제가 처해 있는 갖가지 현안을 해결하는데 그 실마리가 되었으면 하는 마음이다. 즉 회사 중 90% 이상이 주식회사이며 이중에서도 90% 이상이 중소 회사인 우리나라와 태국의 경제사정은 거의 동일한 입장에 있다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 그런데도 불구하고 우리 상법은 그 규모 및 경영상태의 여하에 불구하고 모든 주식회사에 거의 천편일률적인 법률을 적용하고 있는데 비하여 태국의 민상법은 이를 구분하고 있다는 점은 우리에게 시사하는 바가 대단히 크다고 생각한다. 예를 들면 앞에서 본 바와 같이 우리 상법상 유한회사의 수는 전체 회사 기업에서 차지하는 비중이 아주 미미한 반면 주식회사 중에서 비상장 또는 코스닥비상장 법인의 수는 전체 회사기업의 대부분을 차지한다. 이는 경제 전체적으로 볼 때 구조적 불균형을 초래하는 원인이 될 뿐만 아니라 이들 다수의 회사 기업이 가지고 있는 문제점을 확대 재생산하는 근거가 되기도 한다. 이에 비하여 태국 민상법상의 비공개회사는 주식회사이면서도 우리 상법상의 유한회사와 유사하다보니 유한회사와 주식회사의 장점을 모두 지니고 있기 때문에 이러한 장점은 기업인에게는 다른 회사와 비교되는 매력으로 작용할 뿐만 아니라 국가 경제적으로는 다수의 중소규모의 회사 기업이 안고 있는 근본적인 문제점을 최소화할 수 있는 대응책으로서 작용할 수 있다고 본다. 물론 이에 관하여 우리나라의 코스닥상장회사나 상장회사는 상법 외에 증권거래법 등 특별법의 적용을 동시에 받고 있다. 그러나 문제는 여기에 있는 것이 아니라 비상장회사와 코스닥비상장회사에게도 상법상의 주식회사에 관한 규정을 그대로 적용하고 있다는데 문제가 있다고 본다. 이에 관하여 태국 민상법은 중소 주식회사에 관하여 주식회사형태를 인정하면서도 유한회사에 유사한 규정을 적용함으로써 중소규모의 회사의 안정적 설립 및 운영을 유도하고 있다. 우리 경제에서 현실적으로 문제가 되고 있는 경우를 보면 일부 대기업집단의 문제행동이 보고되는 경우도 있지만, 사실 중소규모의 회사집단이 안고 있는 문제점은 대기업 집단의 그것에 가려져서 자주 드러나 보이지 않아서 그렇지, 그 수의 다양성과 문제의 심각성이라는 측면에서는 더 크다고 할 수 있다. 입법론적으로는 주식회사 중 90% 이상을 차지하고 있는 중소 회사인 비상장회사와 코스닥비상장법인에게는 상법상의 주식회사에 관한 규정을 그대로 적용하기 보다는 태국 민상법의 경우와 같이 중소 주식회사에 관하여 주식회사형태를 인정하면서도 유한회사에 유사한 규정을 적용함으로써 중소규모의 회사의 안정적 설립과 그 운영을 유도하는 것이 바람직하다고 본다. The laws relating private limited company or closely held company and other business law in Thailand is covered under the "Thai Civil and Commercial Code". Three types of company are recognized in Thailand. They are public limited company, private limited company and partnership. In order to set up a private limited company in Thailand, the following procedures may be followed: The process of incorporating a company starts with the reservation of name for the business concern at the Business Development Office in the Ministry of commerce following the guidelines of the Office. A memorandum of association to be filed with the Business Development Office must containing the name of the company, business objectives, the province where the company will be located, the capital to be registered, the names of the promoters. The promoter of a private limited company need at least seven members. Public limited company and private limited company must issue always share certificate. A private limited company can not sell stocks publicly. Stockholder must underwrite all stocks are issued. But, stockholder who underwrite stocks may not pay total amount before do registration of incorporation. Public limited company and private limited company can not acquire treasury stock. Determination of shareholders' meeting is held by show of hand in principle. The public limited company and private limited company must put auditing phosphorus and auditing person must have certified public accountant's qualification as external audit. If the public limited company and private limited company issues new stocks, must flow special determination of shareholders' meeting always. Although there are no minimum capital requirements, the amount of the capital should be respectable enough and adequate as per the object of the company. Audited financial statements of juristic entities, that is, a limited company, a registered partnership, a branch of a foreign corporation must be certified by an authorized auditor and submitted to the Revenue Department and to the Commercial Registrar for each accounting year. A board of directors consist of not less than five members. They are responsible for registering the transformation and submitting required documents minutes of shareholders' meetings and the approved memorandum and articles of association of the company.

二項分布에서 正規分布에의 誘導過程

全元基 군산대학교 1976 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.10 No.3

Among basic theory of stasistics, there are veering processes from binomial distribution to normal distribution as a model example hard to deal with. That is, owing to the tendency to skiiping in the process of theoretical development, I'd like to deal with these Processes more precisely in this paper. At first we induce ***** And hence by mainly use of limit conception and definite integral, we can reach a conclusion of *****

국어의 로마자 표기에 관하여

李元稙 한국항공대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

An adverse criticism has been prevailing over the problems as to the Korean Romanization. Since the Ministry of Education announced its proposed modification in 1978, the Korean Romanization that was once decided early in 1959 has been controversial more than ever. Of late the Ministry seems to accept a suggestion that McCune-Reischauer System may be substituted for the existing Romanization which was previously authorized by the Ministry. However, I am not convinced that these problems can be solved even if the McCune-Reischauer System is adopted in place of the existing Romanization. In this connection, I have come to call attention so that the problems may be solved more prudently. And, in this paper, I will review those various systems of signs that are not in use and the differences between them.

아시아 共産化運動의 特徵硏究 : 毛澤東思想을 中心으로

배원달 安東大學 1984 安東大學 論文集 Vol.6 No.1

First: In general Asian nations which were semi-feudalistic and underdeveloped agricultural areas were greatly influenced by communism in the continent of China and Mao Tse-Tung`s ideology. Second: Mao`s thoughts and his strategies hereby are characterized as typical communism in Asian regions. second: Mao`s revolutionary strategy and tactics are different from the orthodox Marxists. These are based both on a variety of traditional thoughts that have been handed down from the ancient and on the chosen Chinese thoughts which are presented by the superioity of Chinese race. An emphasis should be given on the originality of Mao Tse-Tung to enable Chinese communism revolution and nationalism to be in harmony with. Third: The political history of China has formed a system of social value in which moral law is more dominant than law. The moral law as the most fundamental one is ethics among sovereign and subject. The traditional thoughts as on absolute prestige are substituted for thoughts of Mao Tse-Tung. Mao`s thoughts are the source of people`s moral and national prestige and also reign over people as an executor. Fourth: Neo-democracy as Mao`s revolutionary strategy in the early stage, formed a common front with laborers, peasants, petit bourgeois and national bourgeois against anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism. Mao`s strategic success to isolate Kuomintang [Nationalist] hereby is also a feature. Fifth: Mao emphasized the revolutionary-subjectivity of peasant masses and propagandized, educated and armed the overwhelming people consisted of peasant masses to make guerrilla warfare a strategic dimension over a long-range civil war. It may be called a new type feature on communism that Mao won revolution by the long-range civil war.

상표법 및 의장법과 공정거래법의 교착

金元奎 한국기업법학회 2002 企業法硏究 Vol.9 No.-

Trademark system and design system readied to contribute in development of country industry by protecting and encouraging of trademark and design. Therefore, rightful person by this system dominates the right monopolistic and clannishly for fixed period. There is case that limit antitrust in market with this system. By the way, this system is becoming an issue in relation with antitrust law. That is, it is problem that antitrust law is not applied in exercise of Intellectual Property rights. Because it is right that Intellectual Property rights uses area creature exclusively, and Intellectual Property law established to protect these right. But Intellectual Property rights is used by corporation usually. If corporation exercises this rights exclusively using economic strength, competition of market may be limited. In these case, complicatedness problem between Intellectual Property law and antitrust law happens. There is three theory about this. First, it is theory that do not become an issue entirely because is exercise of right by antitrust law in this case. Second, it is theory that exercise of right on Intellectual Property law is limits of competition on antitrust law. Third, it is theory that must decide considering effect that limitation by exercise of Intellectual Property rights gets to market in the case of the specific event. It is theory of second that become an issue here. It is influential opinion that exercise of Intellectual Property rights does not receive application of antitrust law that do not correspond to abuse of right about this. But when exercise of Intellectual Property rights limits competition in market, I think that antitrust law is applied in case the limitation consists in general contract. When purpose of trademark system or design system and purpose of competition policy collide each other thus, it must judge by decision of specific truth relation. If it is abuse of right or checks market's competition order remarkably, I think that antitrust law must not be applied.

遊水部를 갖는 海岸 構造物의 效課的 消波의 實驗 硏究와 解析

安元植 수원대학교 산업기술연구소 1992 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.7 No.-

Because we had to decrease the energy of waves that transmit from the Open-Sea by various forms, We tested with making a model of obesorbed-waves-block. Brickwater was made of concrete, Acryl. and according to the vertical, Wave-height that transmits by various kind of angels, We piled up the multistage. We judged experimental datum by the amount of crossing-waves and led to a effective result from considering Water-stagnation shape and size. Besides, on the basis of theory of tiny-wave-motion and without fixing about various kinds of wave-height and Wave-direction by theorical interpretation.