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Wen-Pin Lee,Mei-Ling Li,Yun-Ta Liu,Chung-Ming Lee,Hsien-Tsung Yao 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.1
Qing-Yu-Mu (QYM) is an herbal formula used to prevent and treat liver disease in Taiwan. In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of QYM were evaluated in two experimental models. First, rats were fed a high-frying oil (FO) diet containing 1.25% QYM for 5 weeks to investigate effects of QYM on hepatic oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities. Then, protective effects of QYM on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced chronic liver injury were evaluated. Results show that QYM treatment reduced FO diet-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species levels and increased glutathione (GSH) S-transferase activity. A higher reduced GSH/oxidized GSH (GSSG) ratio was observed after QYM treatment. Furthermore, QYM ameliorated CCl4-induced liver injury by reducing the activity of plasma alanine aminotransferase and histological lesions in the liver. QYM also increased the level of hepatic GSH and activities of GSH peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Finally, chlorogenic acid, chrysophanol, and apigenin were found to be present in relative abundance in QYM. Results show that QYM may exhibit a hepatoprotective effect by reducing oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant activity in the liver.
Ansel Shao Pin Tang,Kai En Chan,Jingxuan Quek,Jieling Xiao,Phoebe Tay,Margaret Teng,Keng Siang Lee,Snow Yunni Lin,May Zin Myint,Benjamin Tan,Vijay K Sharma,Darren Jun Hao Tan,Wen Hui Lim,Apichat Kaewd 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.3
Background/Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. While existing studies have examined cardiac remodeling in NAFLD, there has been less emphasis on the development of carotid atherosclerosis and stroke. We sought to conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the prevalence, risk factors, and degree of risk increment of carotid atherosclerosis and stroke in NAFLD. Methods: Embase and Medline were searched for articles relating to NAFLD, carotid atherosclerosis, and stroke. Proportional data was analysed using a generalized linear mixed model. Pairwise meta-analysis was conducted to obtain odds ratio or weighted mean difference for comparison between patients with and without NAFLD. Results: From pooled analysis of 30 studies involving 7,951 patients with NAFLD, 35.02% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.36–43.53%) had carotid atherosclerosis with an odds ratio of 3.20 (95% CI, 2.37–4.32; P<0.0001). Pooled analysis of 25,839 patients with NAFLD found the prevalence of stroke to be 5.04% (95% CI, 2.74–9.09%) with an odds ratio of 1.88 (95% CI, 1.23–2.88; P=0.02) compared to non-NAFLD. The degree of steatosis assessed by ultrasonography in NAFLD was closely associated with risk of carotid atherosclerosis and stroke. Older age significantly increased the risk of developing carotid atherosclerosis, but not stroke in NAFLD. Conclusions: This meta-analysis shows that a stepwise increment of steatosis of NAFLD can significantly increase the risk of carotid atherosclerosis and stroke development in NAFLD. Patients more than a third sufferred from carotid atherosclerosis and routine assessment of carotid atherosclerosis is quintessential in NAFLD.
Descriptor Observers for Robust Fault Reconstruction in a Class of Nonlinear Descriptor Systems
Joseph Chang Lun Chan,Tae H. Lee,Wen-Shyan Chua,Chee Pin Tan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.3
This paper presents a robust fault reconstruction scheme for a class of nonlinear descriptor systems that is affected by disturbances. The fault enters the system both linearly and through nonlinear functions in both the state and output equations. The system is first re-expressed into a form which is easier to manipulate. Two cases are considered: in the first case, the fault is present in the nonlinear function of the output equation, whereas in the second case, the nonlinear function of the output equation does not contain the fault. In each case, a nonlinear descriptor observer is used to reconstruct the fault, where the gains of the observer are designed using linear matrix inequalities such that the effect of disturbances on the fault reconstruction is bounded. As a result of their structure, the proposed descriptor observers do not require restrictions on the rates of the input and disturbances (unlike in observers using a state-space structure) which makes the proposed observers more widely applicable. Finally, two simulation examples are performed to verify the performance of the proposed observers.
Guo Jeng Tan,Sheng Hui Kioh,Sumaiyah Mat,Maw Pin Tan,Shirley Huey Ling Chan,Jacintha Mei Ying Lee,Yee Wen Tan 대한노인병학회 2023 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.27 No.4
Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of physical disability among older adults. While established risk factors for knee OA include age and increased body weight, few studies have examined psychosocial risk factors or progression of knee OA. Methods: The Promoting Independence in our Seniors with Arthritis study recruited participants aged 65 years and over from orthopedic outpatients and community engagement events. Participants were invited to annual visits during which knee OA symptoms were assessed with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), social network using the 6-item Lubben Social Network Scale and anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Knee OA worsening was defined by a 5% reduction in mean KOOS scores at the last visit compared to the first visit. Results: Data were available from 148 participants, mean age 66.2±6.5 years and 74.1% female, of whom 28 (18.9%) experienced OA worsening over a median follow-up period of 29 months. Univariate analyses revealed that age, sex, height, grip strength, and social network were associated with OA worsening. Social network remained statistically significantly associated with OA worsening after adjustment for age and sex difference (odds ratio=0.924; 95% confidence interval, 0.857–0.997). The relationship between social network and OA worsening were attenuated by both depression and handgrip strength at baseline. Conclusion: Psychological status and muscle strength may be modifiable risk factors for social network which may in turn prevent knee OA worsening and should be targeted in future intervention studies.