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Wijesinghe, Ruchire Eranga,Lee, Seung-Yeol,Kim, Pilun,Jung, Hee-Young,Jeon, Mansik,Kim, Jeehyun SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2017 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.22 No.9
<P>Seed germination rate differs based on chemical treatments, and nondestructive measurements of germination rate have become an essential requirement in the field of agriculture. Seed scientists and other biologists are interested in optical sensing technologies-based biological discoveries due to nondestructive detection capability. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has recently emerged as a powerful method for biological and plant material discoveries. We report an extended application of OCT by monitoring the germination rate acceleration of chemically primed seeds. To validate the versatility of the method, Capsicum annum seeds were primed using three chemical compounds: sterile distilled water (SDW), butandiol, and 1-hexadecene. Monitoring was performed using a 1310-nm swept source OCT system. The results confirmed more rapid morphological variations in the seeds treated with 1-hexadecene medium than the seeds treated with SDW and butandiol within 8 consecutive days. In addition, fresh weight measurements (gold standard) of seeds were monitored for 15 days, and the obtained results were correlated with the OCT results. Thus, such a method can be used in various agricultural fields, and OCT shows potential as a rigorous sensing method for selecting the optimal plant growth-promoting chemical compounds rapidly, when compared with the gold standard methods. (C) 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)</P>
Kim, Kyoohyun,Yoon, HyeOk,Diez-Silva, Monica,Dao, Ming,Dasari, Ramachandra R.,Park, YongKeun SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2014 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.19 No.1
We present high-resolution optical tomographic images of human red blood cells (RBC) parasitized by malaria-inducing Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-RBCs. Three-dimensional (3-D) refractive index (RI) tomograms are reconstructed by recourse to a diffraction algorithm from multiple two-dimensional holograms with various angles of illumination. These 3-D RI tomograms of Pf-RBCs show cellular and subcellular structures of host RBCs and invaded parasites in fine detail. Full asexual intraerythrocytic stages of parasite maturation (ring to trophozoite to schizont stages) are then systematically investigated using optical diffraction tomography algorithms. These analyses provide quantitative information on the structural and chemical characteristics of individual host Pf-RBCs, parasitophorous vacuole, and cytoplasm. The in situ structural evolution and chemical characteristics of subcellular hemozoin crystals are also elucidated. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Quantitative light-induced fluorescence technology for quantitative evaluation of tooth wear
Kim, Sang-Kyeom,Lee, Hyung-Suk,Park, Seok-Woo,Lee, Eun-Song,de Josselin de Jong, Elbert,Jung, Hoi-In,Kim, Baek-Il SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2017 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.22 No.12
<P>Various technologies used to objectively determine enamel thickness or dentin exposure have been suggested. However, most methods have clinical limitations. This study was conducted to confirm the potential of quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) using autofluorescence intensity of occlusal surfaces of worn teeth according to enamel grinding depth in vitro. Sixteen permanent premolars were used. Each tooth was gradationally ground down at the occlusal surface in the apical direction. QLF-digital and swept-source optical coherence tomography images were acquired at each grinding depth (in steps of 100 mu m). All QLF images were converted to 8-bit grayscale images to calculate the fluorescence intensity. The maximum brightness (MB) values of the same sound regions in grayscale images before (MBbaseline) and phased values after (MBwom) the grinding process were calculated. Finally, 13 samples were evaluated. MBwom increased over the grinding depth range with a strong correlation (r = 0.994, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the fluorescence intensity of the teeth and grinding depth was strongly correlated in the QLF images. Therefore, QLF technology may be a useful non-invasive tool used to monitor the progression of tooth wear and to conveniently estimate enamel thickness. (C) 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)</P>
Lee, Dae-Sik,Song, Hyun-Woo,Choi, Choon-Gi,Jung, Mun Youn SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2014 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.19 No.5
Micro- and nano-fabrication methods facilitate the use of nanostructures for the separation of collections of particles and nanobio-based optical and electrochemical sensing. We have presented an easy and simple nanopore size reduction method of a low-stressed silicon nitride (SiN) membrane nanosieve (100 x 100 m(2)) using a nanoimprinting method based on a natural thermal reflow of the contact imprinting polymer, possibly maintaining compatibility with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor integrated circuit processes. The nanopore pattern size of this nanosieve membrane was precisely patterned by a nanoimprinting process using an electron beam patterned silicon master, to about 30-nm diameter. By employing mainly an electron beam resist reflow phenomena after a nanoimprinting process and anisotropic reactive ion etch, the etch holes' size was fabricated to be the same with nanopatterns on the polymer. The contact imprinting master can be used continually for the generation of nanopore patterns simply and easily. It can endure harsh conditions like high temperature up to 800 degrees C, and it is inert to many aggressive and strong chemicals. Also, this would be a low-cost, simple, and easy fabrication method for the precise and reliable size-reduction control of nanopores for mass production of nanobio sensors or chips. (C) 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Enhanced photocoagulation with catheter-based diffusing optical device.
Kang, Hyun Wook,Kim, Jeehyun,Oh, Jungwhan SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2012 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.17 No.11
<P>A novel balloon catheter-based diffusing optical device was designed and evaluated to assist in treating excessive menstrual bleeding. A synthetic fused-silica fiber was micro-machined precisely to create scattering segments on a 25 mm long fiber tip for uniform light distribution. A visible wavelength (λ=532??nm) was used to specifically target the endometrium due to the high vascularity of the uterine wall. Optical simulation presented 30% wider distribution of photons along with approximately 40% higher irradiance induced by addition of a glass cap to the diffuser tip. Incorporation of the optical diffuser with a polyurethane balloon catheter considerably enhanced coagulation depth and area (i.e., 3.5 mm and 18.9??cm2 at 1 min irradiation) in tissue in vitro. The prototype device demonstrated the coagulation necrosis of 2.81.2??mm (n=18) and no thermal damage to myometrium in in vivo caprine models. A prototype 5 cm long balloon catheter-assisted optical diffuser was also evaluated with a cadaveric human uterus to confirm the coagulative response of the uterine tissue as well as to identify the further design improvement and clinical applicability. The proposed catheter-based diffusing optical device can be a feasible therapeutic tool to photocoagulate endometrial cell layers in an efficient and safe manner.</P>
Choi, Woo June,Park, Kwan Seob,Lee, Byeong Ha SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2014 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.19 No.9
<P>In breast-conserving surgery, an optical wire is a useful surgical guiding tool to optically locate small lesions within the breast tissue. However, the use of a long silica glass fiber as the optical wire can be burdensome to patients because of its stiffness and nonbiocompatibility. We investigate the use of a biocompatible fiber for light localization in tissue. A surgical suture with a diameter of 400 μm and a few centimeters long is employed as the biocompatible optical waveguide to transport the visible laser light to the inner tissue site. Optical location is confirmed with glow ball-like red laser illumination at the tip of the suture embedded within a fresh chicken breast tissue. Effective optical power coupling to the suture is made by using a double-cladding fiber coupler. From this preliminary result, we realize practical light localization with biopolymer waveguides.</P>
Holographic fluorescence microscopy with incoherent digital holographic adaptive optics
Jang, Changwon,Kim, Jonghyun,Clark, David C.,Lee, Seungjae,Lee, Byoungho,Kim, Myung K. SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2015 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.20 No.11
<P>Introduction of adaptive optics technology into astronomy and ophthalmology has made great contributions in these fields, allowing one to recover images blurred by atmospheric turbulence or aberrations of the eye. Similar adaptive optics improvement in microscopic imaging is also of interest to researchers using various techniques. Current technology of adaptive optics typically contains three key elements: a wavefront sensor, wavefront corrector, and controller. These hardware elements tend to be bulky, expensive, and limited in resolution, involving, for example, lenslet arrays for sensing or multiactuator deformable mirrors for correcting. We have previously introduced an alternate approach based on unique capabilities of digital holography, namely direct access to the phase profile of an optical field and the ability to numerically manipulate the phase profile. We have also demonstrated that direct access and compensation of the phase profile are possible not only with conventional coherent digital holography, but also with a new type of digital holography using incoherent light: selfinterference incoherent digital holography (SIDH). The SIDH generates a complex?i.e., amplitude plus phase?hologram from one or several interferograms acquired with incoherent light, such as LEDs, lamps, sunlight, or fluorescence. The complex point spread function can be measured using guide star illumination and it allows deterministic deconvolution of the full-field image. We present experimental demonstration of aberration compensation in holographic fluorescence microscopy using SIDH. Adaptive optics by SIDH provides new tools for improved cellular fluorescence microscopy through intact tissue layers or other types of aberrant media.</P>
Cho, Nam Hyun,Lee, Jang Woo,Cho, Jin-ho,Kim, Jeehyun,Jang, Jeong Hun,Jung, Woonggyu SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS 2015 JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS Vol.20 No.3
<P>Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has advanced significantly over the past two decades and is currently used extensively to monitor the internal structures of organs, particularly in ophthalmology and dermatology. We used ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) to decalcify the bony walls of the cochlea and investigated the inner structures by deep penetration of light into the cochlear tissue using OCT on a guinea pig model of endolymphatic hydrops (EH), induced by surgical obliteration of the endolymphatic duct. The structural and functional changes associated with EH were identified using OCT and auditory brainstem response tests, respectively. We also evaluated structural alterations in the cochlea using three-dimensional reconstruction of the OCT images, which clearly showed physical changes in the cochlear structures. Furthermore, we found significant anatomical variations in the EH model and conducted graphical analysis by strial atrophy for comparison. The physical changes included damage to and flattening of the organ of Corti-evidence of Reissner's membrane distention-and thinning of the lateral wall. These results indicate that observation of EDTA-decalcified cochlea using OCT is significant in examination of gradual changes in the cochlear structures that are otherwise not depicted by hematoxylin and eosin staining. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.</P>