Experimental perspective for reactive separation of malonic acid using TBP in natural non-toxic solvents

Vicky R. Dhongde,Biswajit S. De,Kailas L Wasewar,Priyanka Gupta,Sushil Kumar 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.91 No.-

Recent technological advancement allows the synthesis of malonic acid from the bio-fermentation routeby using cost-effective raw material like biomass, which enhances its overall production. The diluteaqueous stream of malonic acid produced from the biological route needs to be recovered. Processintensification with precise operating conditions and low toxicity such as reactive separation is appliedfor extraction of malonic acid from the dilute aqueous stream by using non-toxic natural solvents likecanola oil, sunflower oil, and soybean oil with the tributyl phosphate (TBP) extractant. An in-depthexperimental analysis is performed in the present study to evaluate extraction complexation equilibriumconstant (KE(MA)), extraction efficiency (E(MA)%), distribution coefficient (KD(MA)), and loading ratio (Z(MA)). The overall loading ratio is less than 0.5 for all solvents, which signifies the formation of 1:1complexation. KD(MA) and E(MA)% with soybean oil are in range of 0.265–0.832, and 20.683–43.850, forsunflower oil is 0.208–0.763 and 17.227–42.340, for canola oil is 0.301–0.875 and 22.878–45.106. Thebehavior of TBP-malonic acid complexation equilibrium in the reactive separation process is predicted bycomparing relative basicity model values with experimental outputs. The separation process requires acontinuous column operation, and the number of transfer stages is evaluated to be 2. Furthermore, thediffusion coefficients (D(MA)) of malonic acid to the natural, non-toxic solvents with variable TBPconcentrations are evaluated by employing various empirical correlations. The present study paves theway for future research in continuous in-situ product recovery of malonic acid produced via biologicalroute.

Low Magnification Histopathological Images for Multi-Class Breast Cancer Classification Using Optimized Deep Model

Vicky Mudeng(비키 무뎅),Eonjin Lee(이언진),Se-woon Choe(최세운) 대한전기학회 2022 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

Intelligence and I.Q. testing

Vicki Bollen 덕성여자대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 인문과학연구 Vol.1 No.1

In this article, intelligence and I.Q, tests are discussed. A list of confounding variables to beware of on I.Q. tests generally is then given together wth other data or information which may be required, in addition to test restults. Finally, potential, and then intelligence as potential in relation to I,Q, testing are considered.

Laminectomy; Laminoplasty; Finite element analyses

Vicky Varghese,Venkatesh Krishnan,Gurunathan Saravana Kumar 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.3

Study Design: A biomechanical study. Purpose: A new biomechanical model of the vertebra has been developed that accounts for the inhomogeneity of bone and the contribution of the pedicle toward the holding strength of a pedicle screw. Overview of Literature: Pullout strength studies are typically carried out on rigid polyurethane foams that represent the homogeneous vertebral framework of the spine. However, the contribution of the pedicle region, which contributes to the inhomogeneity in this framework, has not been considered in previous investigations. Therefore, we propose a new biomechanical model that can account for the vertebral inhomogeneity, especially the contribution of the pedicles toward the pullout strength of the pedicle screw. Methods: A bilayer foam model was developed by joining two foams representing the pedicle and the vertebra. The results of the pullout strength tests performed on the foam models were compared with those from the tests performed on the cadaver lumbar vertebra. Results: Significant differences (p <0.05) were observed between the pullout strength of the pedicle screw in extremely osteoporotic (0.18±0.11 kN), osteoporotic (0.37±0.14 kN), and normal (0.97±0.4 kN) cadaver vertebra. In the monolayer model, significant differences (p <0.05) were observed in pullout strength between extremely osteoporotic (0.3±0.02 kN), osteoporotic (0.65±0.12 kN), and normal (0.99±0.04 kN) bone model. However, the bilayer foam model exhibited no significant differences (p >0.05) in the pullout strength of pedicle screws between osteoporotic (0.85±0.08 kN) and extremely osteoporotic bone models (0.94±0.08 kN), but there was a significant difference (p <0.05) between osteoporotic (0.94±0.08 kN) and normal bone models (1.19±0.05 kN). There were no significant differences (p >0.05) in pullout strength between cadaver and bilayer foam model in normal bones. Conclusions: The new synthetic bone model that reflects the contribution of the pedicles to the pullout strength of the pedicle screws could provide a more efficacious means of testing pedicle-screw pullout strength. The bilayer model can match the pullout strength value of normal lumbar vertebra bone whereas the monolayer foam model was able to match that of the extremely osteoporotic lumbar vertebra.

Numerical Objective Assessment Using Structural Similarity for Diffuse Optical Reconstructed Images

Vicky Mudeng(비키 무댕 ),Se-woon Choe(최세운) 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

본 연구의 목표는 확산 광학 단층 촬영에 대한 기준 영상을 사용하여 동질성과 이질성을 분리하기 위한 재구성된 영상들간의 수치적 평가를 위해 구조적 유사성 지수에 기초한 알고리즘을 개발한다. 글로벌 지오메트리 및 관심 영역 평가는 유사성을 산출하기 위해 측정되었으며, 그 결과 구조적 유사성 지수의 평균이 모델 내부에 가시적 포함 여부를 판단할 수 있는 잠재적 성능을 나타낸다는 것을 알 수 있으며, 구조적 유사성 지수는 유방 구조 정보를 평가하기 위한 이미지 평가를 지원 가능한 것으로 확인 되었다. The work within this study develops an algorithm based on the structural similarity index to assess numerically between reconstructed images with a reference image to separate the homogeneity and heterogeneity for diffuse optical tomography. Global geometry and region of interest assessment have been measured to yield the similarity. The results indicate that the mean of structural similarity index shows potential performance to distinguish between visible and invisible inclusion inside the model. Therefore, the structural similarity index may promise to assist the image assessment for evaluating breast structural information.

Breast Masses Evaluation Using Deep Learning for Mammogram Imaging: A Pilot Study

Vicky Mudeng(비키 무뎅),Eonjin Lee(이언진),Se-woon Choe(최세운) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

Following the improvements in the field of deep learning, the applications of convolutional neural networks emerge promising to apply in medical image analysis. This study demonstrates the classification of breast masses related to benign or malignant cancers from the mammographic image dataset of the digital database for screening mammography (DDSM). 50-layer residual network (ResNet50) architecture, adaptive gradient algorithm (Adagrad) optimizer, a learning rate scheduler, and a fine-tuning strategy are employed when training the convolutional neural network model. Additionally, to balance the dataset, image augmentations are employed. According to the accuracy and loss of the test dataset, the results indicate that the classifier in this study is reliable to classify breast cancer in the category of benign or malignant from the breast masses. However, more studies are necessary to expand the comprehensive understanding relative to the developed model in this research.

Determining a Fair Outcome: The Role of the Review Process in Ensuring the Accreditation Decision Accurately Reflects the Practices of the Childcare Centre

Vicki Banham 육아정책연구소 2007 International Journal of Child Care and Education Vol.1 No.1

Standards of quality can influence the way childcare is both implemented and viewed by families. In Australia, childcare services are required to participate in a process of accreditation in order for their families to be eligible to receive Commonwealth government Childcare Benefit payments that assist them with the cost of childcare. The accreditation process determines if the practices the services implement are in line with agreed elements of quality care practices and such practices protect the rights of the child. Of equal interest however, are the strategies the nation has in place to protect the child care service itself from potential unfair/unjust assessment of its practices. The concepts of procedural fairness, if the service considers an unjust/unfair assessment of their practices has been made, are rightly addressed in the Australian Child Care Accreditation System (CCAS). This final step within CCAS is one which is quite unique in the international context. This paper addresses the framework, implementation, and issues that need to be faced in delivering a fair and just review of a service’s Accreditation Decision, along with the role the review process plays in the nation’s accreditation system for childcare. Data from review applications submitted by services over a nine year period was analysed to determine if childcare services who considered the assessment of their practices was unfair/unjust, was supported following an evidence based review of its practices by the review agency. Conclusions highlighted a range of issues such as assessment practices, subjectivity of assessment and relevance of assessment to context that require further research. Such findings can be utilized to inform policy development on the ongoing development of holistic accreditation systems internationally.

STUDY METHODS AND STRATEGIES USED BY KOREAN STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH

Vicki Lee 덕성여자대학교 인문과학연구소 1996 인문과학연구 Vol.3 No.-

none

Five Factors Influencing the Speaking Ability of University Freshmen:What's Their Secret?

Vicki Lee 영상영어교육학회 2006 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.7 No.2

In Korea, the pressure for students to learn English is ongoing and often this pressure begins before elementary school, but does it actually help with the acquisition of spoken English? This study investigates which of numerous factors most influenced the speaking ability of university freshmen. Using questionnaires and oral testing with 203 female participants, it was determined that five factors had a significant influence on speaking ability. From most to least important they were: 1) concepts of themselves as learners and their feelings about English; 2) age; 3) the total amount of time spent with visual media, songs, and tutors before elementary school; 4) how often they read or surfed the internet in English; and 5) the total amount of time spent at language institutes or academies studying English. Self-esteem and age being important factors in second language learning are not new concepts. However, the results of this study also imply that children should be exposed to enjoyable English early and, later, to English in more authentic contexts, whether it be reading for pleasure or attending a language institute.

Intelligence and I.Q. testing

( Vicki Bollen ) 덕성여자대학교 인문과학연구소 1995 인문과학연구 Vol.1 No.-

In this article, intelligence and 1.Q. tests are discussed. A list of confounding variables to beware of on 1.Q. tests generally is then given together with other data or information which may be required, in addition to test results. Finally, potential, and then intelligence as potential in relation to I.Q. testing are considered.