Assessment of Low Intensity Solar Radiation Susceptibility in 20 Wheat Varieties under Field Conditions Grown in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Usha Mina,S.D. Singh,B. Singh,S. Tiwari,Deepak Singh,Pranav Kumar 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

Wheat productivity declines under agro-ecosystems and areas exposed to aerosols due to decline in quality and quantity of solar radiation. Identification of low light-tolerant wheat varieties (Triticum sps.) will help in enhancing the sustainability and productivity of the agroforestry systems as well as areas exposed to aerosol pollution. The field study was conducted to assess the effects of low intensity solar radiation (LR) on 20 wheat varieties in terms of growth, stay green, gaseous exchange, yield attributes, and tolerance indices. Results indicate the increase in plant height and leaf area, reduction in photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration (Tr) in all the varieties grown under LR compared to normal radiation. The varieties, K68 and HD2643, exhibited maximum stay green compared to other varieties. LR caused reduction in biological (35%) and economic (46%) yield of wheat. Among the indices, mean productivity (MP), geometric mean (GM), stress tolerance index (STI), and yield index (YI) were positively correlated (P ≤ 0.05) with grain yield under LR (Ys) and NR (Yp). Cluster analysis indicated that varieties – HD2643, K68, Kalyansona, and C306 varieties were most LR tolerant, while DL1266-1, DL1266-2, and Moti were moderately tolerant and rest of the varieties exhibited LR susceptibility.

Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Pseudonocardia endophytica VUK-10 from Mangrove Sediments: Isolation, Chemical Structure Determination and Bioactivity(s)

( Usha Kiranmayi Mangamuri ),( Muvva Vijayalakshmi ),( Sudhakar Poda ),( Bramanandam Manavathi ),( Ch. Bhujangarao ),( Y. Venkateswarlu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

Chemical investigation of the actinobacterial isolate Pseudonocardia endophytica VUK-10 has led to the segregation of two known bioactive compounds, namely 4-(2-acetamidoethyl) phenyl acetate and 4-((1, 4-dioxooctahydropyrrolo [1, 2-a] pyrazin-3-yl) methyl) phenyl acetate. The strain was isolated from a sediment sample of the Nizampatnam mangrove ecosystem, south coastal Andhra Pradesh, India. The chemical structure of the active compounds was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies, FTIR, and EIMS. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the bioactive compounds produced by the strain were tested against opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria and fungi and on MDA-MB-231, OAW, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines. The compounds exhibited antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi and also showed potent cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231, OAW, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines. This is the first example for this class of bioactive compounds isolated from Pseudonocardia of mangrove origin.

모국어 말소리 대조 시 작업기억과 변별능력 간의 연관성

Usha Shastri,Keerthana Kulath Purath Raj,Mable Mathew,Mohan Kumar Kalaiah,Ajith Kumar Uppunda c 한국언어청각임상학회 2019 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.24 No.1

배경 및 목적: 모국어의 말소리(phone)를 변별할 때, 특히 도전적 상황에서 이를 수행할 때에는 매우 큰 개인차가 존재한다. 말소리 변별 시 유용한 단서를 활용할 수 있는 능력이 인지능력에 의해 촉진되는지, 이를 통해 개인차를 어느 정도 설명해 줄 수 있는지에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구는 말라얄람어(Malayalam)를 모국어로 사용하는 청자가 말라얄람어 말소리를 맥락 단서 없이 구분할때 작업기억능력과 변별능력 간에 어떤 연관성이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 말라얄람어를 모국어로 사용하는 18-25세 청자 40 명이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 참여자들로 하여금 무의미단어 사이에 삽입된 말라얄람어 8개 말소리를 변별하도록 하였다. 읽기폭 과제, 조작폭 과제, 숫자 바로외우기 과제, 숫자 거꾸로외우기 과제 등을 이용하여 작업기억능력을 측정하였고, 각 말소리의 변별점수, 전체 말소리 변별점수(8개 말소리로부터 얻은 평균변별점수)와 변별 시 반응시간을 함께 측정하였다. 결과: 참여자의 말소리 변별점수는 57.8%-99%의 범위를 보였다. 피어슨 적률상관분석 결과 모든 작업기억능력 측정치와 전체 말소리 변별점수 간에는 유의한 정적 상관이 나타나 작업기억능력이 말소리 변별에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 작업기억능력의 측정치는 말소리 변별점수 다양성의 24.7%를 설명할 수 있었다. 논의 및 결론: 맥락 단서가 없는 상황에서의 말소리 변별은 인지 부담을 높인다. 그러므로 높은 능력은 어려운 상황에서 모국어 말소리를 변별하는 데 도움을 준다. 이 연구는 모국어 말소리 지각에서 인지가 미치는 하향식 영향력을 제시하고 있다. Objectives: Large individual variability is documented for identification performance of native phones, especially in challenging situations. It is not known whether the ability to utilize cues available for phone identification is facilitated by cognitive abilities, thereby explaining a proportion of the individual variability. This study investigated the relationship between working memory capacity and identification of a few Malayalam phones in the absence of contextual cues among native listeners. Methods: Forty native listeners of Malayalam, aged between 18 and 25, participated in this study. Participants identified 8 Malayalam phones embedded in nonsense words. Working memory capacity was measured using tasks such as reading span, operation span, digit forward span, and digit backward span. Identification score for each phone, total phone identification score (average identification score from 8 phones), and reaction time during identification were obtained. Results: Phone identification score of participants ranged from 57.8% to 99%. Pearson product moment correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between all measures of working memory capacity and total phone identification score, indicating that working memory capacity play a role in the identification of phones. Reaction time showed a significant negative correlation with digit backward span and operation span. The measures of working memory capacity accounted for 24.7% of the variability in phone identification score. Conclusion: Identification of phones in the absence of contextual cues increases the cognitive load. Therefore, higher working memory capacity might aid in native phone identification in difficult situations. This study reveals the top down influence of cognition on native speech perception.

Interaction of Resveratrol and Genistein with Nucleic Acids

Usha, Subbiah,Johnson, Irudayam Maria,Malathi, Raghunathan Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2005 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.38 No.2

Resveratrol (RES) and genistein (GEN) are the dietary natural products known to possess chemopreventive property and also the ability to repair DNA damage induced by mutagens/carcinogens. It is believed that the therapeutic activity of these compounds could be primarily due to their interaction with nucleic acids but detailed reports are not available. We here explore the interaction of these drugs with nucleic acids considering DNA and RNA as a potential therapeutic target. The interaction of RES and GEN has been analysed in buffered solution with DNA [saline sodium citrate (SSC)] and RNA [tris ethylene diammine tetra acetic acid (TE)] using UV-absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The UV analysis revealed lesser binding affinity with nucleic acids at lower concentration of RES (P/D = 5.00 and 10.00), while at higher drug concentration (P/D = 0.75, 1.00 and 2.50) hyperchromic effect with shift in the ${\lambda}_{max}$ is noted for DNA and RNA. A major RES-nucleic acids complexes was observed through base pairs and phosphate backbone groups with K = $35.782\;M^{-1}$ and K = $34.25\;M^{-1}$ for DNA-RES and RNA-RES complexes respectively. At various concentrations of GEN (P/D = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 2.50) hyperchromicity with shift in the ${\lambda}_{max}$ from 260 $\rightarrow$ 263 om and 260 $\rightarrow$ 270 nm is observed for DNA-GEN and RNA-GEN complexes respectively. The binding constant (from UV analysis) for GEN-nucleic acids complexes could not be obtained due to GEN absorbance overlap with that of nucleic acids at 260 nm. Nevertheless a detailed analysis with regard to the interaction of these drugs (RES/GEN) with DNA and RNA could feasibly be understood by FTIR spectroscopy. The NH band of free DNA and RNA which appeared at $3550-3100\;cm^{-1}$ and $3650-2700\;cm^{-1}$ shifted to $3450-2950\;cm^{-1}$ and $3550-3000\;cm^{-1}$ in DNA-RES and RNA-RES complexes respectively. Similarly shifts corresponding to $3650-3100\;cm^{-1}$ and $3420-3000\;cm^{-1}$ have been observed in DNA-GEN and RNA-GEN complexes respectively. The observed reduction in NH band of free nucleic acids upon complexation of these drugs is an indication of the involvement of the hydroxyl (OH) and imino (NH) group during the interaction of the drugs and nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) through H-bonded formation. The interaction of RES and GEN with bases appears in the order of G $\geq$ T > C > A and A > C $\geq$ T > G. Further interaction of these natural compounds with DNA and RNA is also supported by changes in the vibrational frequency (shift/intensity) in symmetrical and asymmetrical stretching of aromatic rings of drugs in the complex spectra. No appreciable shift is observed in the DNA and RNA marker bands, indicating that the B-DNA form and A-family conformation of RNA are not altered during their interaction with RES and GEN.

Assessment of Low Intensity Solar Radiation Susceptibility in 20 Wheat Varieties under Field Conditions Grown in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Usha Mina,S.D. Singh,B. Singh,Deepak Singh,S. Tiwari,Pranav Kumar 한국작물학회 2019 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.22 No.3

Wheat productivity declines under agro-ecosystems and areas exposed to aerosols due to decline in quality and quantity of solar radiation. Identification of low light-tolerant wheat varieties (Triticum sps.) will help in enhancing the sustainability and productivity of the agroforestry systems as well as areas exposed to aerosol pollution. The field study was conducted to assess the effects of low intensity solar radiation (LR) on 20 wheat varieties in terms of growth, stay green, gaseous exchange, yield attributes, and tolerance indices. Results indicate the increase in plant height and leaf area, reduction in photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration (Tr) in all the varieties grown under LR compared to normal radiation. The varieties, K68 and HD2643, exhibited maximum stay green compared to other varieties. LR caused reduction in biological (35%) and economic (46%) yield of wheat. Among the indices, mean productivity (MP), geometric mean (GM), stress tolerance index (STI), and yield index (YI) were positively correlated with grain yield under LR (Ys) and NR (Yp). Cluster analysis indicated that varieties-HD2643, K68, Kalyansona, and C306 varieties were most LR tolerant, while DL1266-1, DL1266-2, and Moti were moderately tolerant and rest of the varieties exhibited LR susceptibility.

Effects of 12 weeks competitive phase specific training on selected biochemical and haematological parameters of male Taekwondo players

Usha Sri Kaniganti,Pralay Majumdar,Goutam Singh Virdi,Mary Rani 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2018 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.30 No.2

The aim of the present study was to find out the effects of 12 weeks of competitive phase specific training on basal levels of selected biochemical and haematological variables in male Taekwondo players. A total of 15 Indian male Taekwondo players (Age: 16.9±1.4 years; Height: 173.5±0.81 cm; Weight: 60.92±11.79 kg, BMI: 20.04±2.44 kg/m2) were volunteered for this study. Twelve weeks of competitive phase specific Taekwondo training was given to the participants for the perfection of technical skills and for the improvement of general physical conditioning abilities. Blood samples were collected from antecubital vein in the morning after overnight fasting and 24 hours of rest, both before and after training. The samples were analyzed for the selected biochemical and haematological parameters such as Lipid profile, Iron Profile, Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Complete Blood Picture (CBP). Data were analyzed by paired-t test by using SPSS software. A significant increase (P<0.05) of Serum Iron, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, Hematocrit, and Mean Corpuscular Volume were observed after training. Also a significant reduction (P<0.05) in total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol Ratio, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) were noted after the training. From this study it is concluded that the competitive phase specific Taekwondo training is effective for improving lipid profile and some of the biochemical parameters in national level male Taekwondo players and biochemical monitoring will be helpful for the evaluation of training effects and training related adaptations at molecular level.

Identification of Anti-Cancer Targets of Eco-Friendly Waste Punica granatum Peel by Dual Reverse Virtual Screening and Binding Analysis

Usha, Talambedu,Goyal, Arvind Kumar,Lubna, Syed,Prashanth, H.P.,Mohan, T. Madhan,Pande, Veena,Middha, Sushil Kumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Background: Punica granatum (family: Lythraceae) is mainly found in Iran, which is considered to be its primary centre of origin. Studies on pomegranate peel have revealed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis activities, with prevention of premature aging and reducing inflammation. In addition to this it is also useful in treating various diseases like diabetes, maintaining blood pressure and treatment of neoplasms such as prostate and breast cancer. Objectives: In this study we identified anti-cancer targets of active compounds like corilagin (tannins), quercetin (flavonoids) and pseudopelletierine (alkaloids) present in pomegranate peel by employing dual reverse screening and binding analysis. Materials and Methods: The potent targets of the pomegranate peel were annotated by the PharmMapper and ReverseScreen 3D, then compared with targets identified from different Bioassay databases (NPACT and HIT's). Docking was then further employed using AutoDock pyrx and validated through discovery studio for studying molecular interactions. Results: A number of potent anti-cancerous targets were attained from the PharmMapper server according to their fit score and from ReverseScreen 3D server according to decreasing 3D scores. Conclusion: The identified targets now need to be further validated through in vitro and in vivo studies.

Enhanced Production of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid, Bilipigments, and Antioxidants from Tropical Algae of India

Usha Pandey1,Jitendra Pandey 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.3

We studied the enhanced production of high quality biomass, δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA), bilipigments, and antioxidants from five tropical blue green algae (cyanobacteria) in a full factorial design using free and immobilized cells in batch culture. Production of nutraceuticals was high in spray dried powder prepared from immobilized cell cultures. Notochopsis lobatus showed superiority over rest of the species with respect to bilipigments, δ-ALA, nutritive value, antioxidant capacity, and ascorbate oxidase (APX) activity. Antioxidative capacity of phycobiliproteins extracted from these cyanobacteria (121.15 μM TE/g, Nostoc verrucosum to 217.62 μM TE/g, Nostochopsis lobatus) was invariably higher than those observed for higher plant sources and substantially increased under immobilized cell culture condition. Antioxidative enzyme, ascorbate oxidase remained stable in dry food preparations with considerably high activity under immobilized cell preparations (APXmax, 3.40 μmol/min/mg chlorophyll). These observations have important connotations in light of upcoming food and nutraceutical industries in the global market. Use of immobilized cells in batch culture could be an effective approach for scaling up production for commercial use We studied the enhanced production of high quality biomass, δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA), bilipigments, and antioxidants from five tropical blue green algae (cyanobacteria) in a full factorial design using free and immobilized cells in batch culture. Production of nutraceuticals was high in spray dried powder prepared from immobilized cell cultures. Notochopsis lobatus showed superiority over rest of the species with respect to bilipigments, δ-ALA, nutritive value, antioxidant capacity, and ascorbate oxidase (APX) activity. Antioxidative capacity of phycobiliproteins extracted from these cyanobacteria (121.15 μM TE/g, Nostoc verrucosum to 217.62 μM TE/g, Nostochopsis lobatus) was invariably higher than those observed for higher plant sources and substantially increased under immobilized cell culture condition. Antioxidative enzyme, ascorbate oxidase remained stable in dry food preparations with considerably high activity under immobilized cell preparations (APXmax, 3.40 μmol/min/mg chlorophyll). These observations have important connotations in light of upcoming food and nutraceutical industries in the global market. Use of immobilized cells in batch culture could be an effective approach for scaling up production for commercial use

An Experimental Fault Analysis and Speed Control of an Induction Motor using Motor Solver

Usha Sengamalai,Subramani Chinnamuthu 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

This paper deals with the performance analysis of three phase induction motor considering its stator side faults and operating thermal limits. The speed control of induction motor using three phase boost converter operated by a MOSFET switch and a PI controller is demonstrated and presented in this article. IGBTs switches are used for inverter drive mechanism .The experimental result of speed control of induction motor using voltage control technique clearly shows better accuracy than conventional methods of speed control. A three phase 1HP 415V 0.78 kW 4 Pole induction motor is designed using motor solver software. Based on the parameters used in the software thermal analysis of induction motor is done and torque variation with conductor area, efficiency, output curve, losses in different parts of motor has been obtained. Also different types of faults namely under voltage, over voltage, stator imbalanced voltage, turn to turn, locked rotor bar, wrong alignment of rotor bar with respect to stator are studied and fault analysis is performed. Hence comparison is made based upon the results obtained before and after faults.

Trees, unicyclic graphs extremal with respect to Kekule index

Usha.A,P. S. Ranjini,V.Lokesha 장전수학회 2014 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.24 No.3

For a molecular graph G with vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G), recently Lavanya, [1] introduced a new topologial index, the Kekule index is defined as (formula) where, (formula) and i and j are the degrees of the vertices u and v respectively. In this paper, we characterize the trees and unicyclic graphs extremal with respect to Kekule index.