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Evaluation of Xpert MTB/RIF assay performance in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis
( Suraj Kumar ),( Sawan Bopanna ),( Saurabh Kedia ),( Pratap Mouli ),( Rajan Dhingra ),( Rajesh Padhan ),( Mikashmi Kohli ),( Jigyasa Chaubey ),( Rohini Sharma ),( Prasenjit Das ),( S Dattagupta ),( G 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.2
Background/Aims: The use of genetic probes for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) has been well described. However, the role of these assays in the diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis is unclear. We therefore assessed the diagnostic utility of the Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis /rifampicin (MTB/RIF) assay, and estimated the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB in the Indian population . Methods: Of 99 patients recruited, 37 had intestinal TB; two control groups comprised 43 with Crohn`s disease (CD) and 19 with irritable bowel syndrome. Colonoscopy was performed before starting any therapy; mucosal biopsies were subjected to histopathology, acid-fast bacilli staining, Lowenstein-Jensen culture, and nucleic acid amplification testing using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Patients were followed up for 6 months to confirm the diagnosis and response to therapy. A composite reference standard was used for diagnosis of TB and assessment of the diagnostic utility of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Results: Of 37 intestinal TB patients, the Xpert MTB/RIF assay was positive in three of 37 (8.1%), but none had MDR-TB. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay was 8.1%, 100%, 100%, and, 64.2%, respectively. Conclusions: The Xpert MTB/RIF assay has low sensitivity but high specificity for intestinal TB, and may be helpful in endemic tuberculosis areas, when clinicians are faced with difficulty differentiating TB and CD. Based on the Xpert MTB/RIF assay, the prevalence of intestinal MDR-TB is low in the Indian population. (Intest Res 2017;15:187- 194)
( Lucky Kumar Attri ),( Harsh Nayyar ),( Ravinder Kumar Bhanwra ),( Suraj Prakash Vij ) 한국식물학회 2007 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.50 No.5
If left unpollinated, the flowers of Aerides multiflora (Roxb.) and Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Bl. can remain fresh for 17 and 24 d, respectively. However, they begin to wilt at 2 to 3 days after pollination (DAP) and 3 to 4 DAP, respectively, and become senescent at 5 DAP and 7 DAP, respectively. When measured at two developmental phases - Stage 1, start of wilting and Stage 2, progression to senescence - all the floral organs from pollinated flowers had higher contents of total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, and free amino acids than those from unpollinated flowers. A corresponding increase was noted in the activities of hydrolytic enzymes, i.e., α-amylase, β-amylase, and invertase, and proteolytic enzymes (proteases) in those organs. This indicated that signals related to pollination had up-regulated those activities, leading to a breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones for mobilization. The amounts of sugars and enzyme activity were relatively greater in the pollinated flowers of A. multiflora compared with R. retusa, and levels were always higher in the floral lips and perianths. When inhibitors of auxin (0.25mM TIBA) or ethylene (0.25 mM AgNO3) were applied to the pollinated flowers, their senescence was partially prevented, thus signifying hormonal involvement in governing the pollination-induced biochemical alterations normally found in those organs.
Tripathy, Suraj Kumar,Woo, Ju Yeon,Han, Chang-Soo American Chemical Society 2011 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.83 No.24
<P>We report a colorimetric system for the detection of HCl in aqueous environments using unlabeled gold nanoparticle (AuNP) probes. This nonaggregation-based detection system relies on the ability of chloro species to cause rapid leaching of AuNPs in an aqueous dispersion containing a strong oxidizing agent, such as HNO(3) or H(2)O(2). The leaching process leads to remarkable damping of the surface plasmon resonance peak of the AuNP dispersion. This method works only with AuNPs of a particular size (30 nm diameter). It is highly selective for HCl over several common mineral acids, salts, and anions. This simple and cost-effective sensing system provides rapid and simple detection of HCl at concentrations as low as 500 ppm (far below the hazard limit) in natural water systems.</P>
Suraj O. Lakhade,Ratnesh Kumar,Omprakash R. Jaiswal 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.62 No.2
Elevated water tanks are considered as important structures due to its post-earthquake requirements. Elevated water tank on reinforced concrete frame staging is widely used in India. Different response reduction factors depending on ductility of frame members are used in seismic design of frame staging. The study on appropriateness of response reduction factor for reinforced concrete tank staging is sparse in literature. In the present paper a systematic study on estimation of key components of response reduction factors is presented. By considering the various combinations of tank capacity, height of staging, seismic design level and design response reduction factors, forty-eight analytical models are developed and designed using relevant Indian codes. The minimum specified design cross section of column as per Indian code is found to be sufficient to accommodate the design steel. The strength factor and ductility factor are estimated using results of nonlinear static pushover analysis. It was observed that for seismic design category „high‟ the strength factor has lesser contribution than ductility factor, whereas, opposite trend is observed for seismic design category „low‟. Further, the effects of staging height and tank capacity on strength and ductility factors for two different seismic design categories are studied. For both seismic design categories, the response reduction factors obtained from the nonlinear static analysis is higher than the code specified response reduction factors. The minimum dimension restriction of column is observed as key parameter in achieving the desired performance of the elevated water tank on frame staging.
Damage states of yielding and collapse for elevated water tanks supported on RC frame staging
Suraj O. Lakhade,Ratnesh Kumar,Omprakash R. Jaiswal 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.67 No.6
Elevated water tanks are inverted pendulum type structures where drift limit is an important criterion for seismic design and performance evaluation. Explicit drift criteria for elevated water tanks are not available in the literature. In this study, probabilistic approach is used to determine maximum drift limit for damage state of yielding and damage state of collapse for the elevated water tanks supported on RC frame staging. The two damage states are defined using results of incremental dynamic analysis wherein a total of 2160 nonlinear time history analyses are performed using twelve artificial spectrum compatible ground motions. Analytical fragility curves are developed using two-parameter lognormal distribution. The maximum allowable drifts corresponding to yield and collapse level requirements are estimated for different tank capacities. Finally, a single fragility curve is developed which provides maximum drift values for the different probability of damage. Further, for rational consideration of the uncertainties in design, three confidence levels are selected and corresponding drift limits for damage states of yielding and collapse are proposed. These values of maximum drift can be used in performance-based seismic design for a particular damage state depending on the level of confidence.
Damage states of yielding and collapse for elevated water tanks supported on RC frame staging
Lakhade, Suraj O.,Kumar, Ratnesh,Jaiswal, mprakash R. Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.67 No.6
Elevated water tanks are inverted pendulum type structures where drift limit is an important criterion for seismic design and performance evaluation. Explicit drift criteria for elevated water tanks are not available in the literature. In this study, probabilistic approach is used to determine maximum drift limit for damage state of yielding and damage state of collapse for the elevated water tanks supported on RC frame staging. The two damage states are defined using results of incremental dynamic analysis wherein a total of 2160 nonlinear time history analyses are performed using twelve artificial spectrum compatible ground motions. Analytical fragility curves are developed using two-parameter lognormal distribution. The maximum allowable drifts corresponding to yield and collapse level requirements are estimated for different tank capacities. Finally, a single fragility curve is developed which provides maximum drift values for the different probability of damage. Further, for rational consideration of the uncertainties in design, three confidence levels are selected and corresponding drift limits for damage states of yielding and collapse are proposed. These values of maximum drift can be used in performance-based seismic design for a particular damage state depending on the level of confidence.
Exploration of ready-to-eat soft Bora rice genotypes of Assam for submergence tolerance
Panja Suraj,Mondal Kongkong,Kar Rup Kumar,Dey Pradip Chandra,Dey Narottam 한국작물학회 2023 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1
Assamese Bora rice lines are valuable genetic resource for their socio-economic importance and traditional usage. Being lowland rice lines of upper Brahmaputra basin, this group of genotypes also carries genetic potentiality for submergence tolerance which is another valuable aspect of Bora rice. Though a number attempts have been made to investigate their grain quality (softness and ready-to-eat properties), limited studies have recorded for their submergence tolerance. Thus, present study was undertaken to explore submergence tolerance potentiality of a collection of fve popular Bora rice lines with reference to the FR13A, the one and only rice genotype that has been utilized for submergence tolerance. Screening for submergence tolerance was done in standard experimental set up keeping the young seedlings of these lines in two subsequent phases (10 days and 20 days) of submergence followed by physio-biochemical analyses and conformation through RT-PCR-based expression study. Further, to unequivocally identify the rice genotypes at molecular level, the genomic DNA of the rice genotypes were amplifed for Sub1A loci to detect the associated allelic forms in form of diferent molecular weight of the amplifed products. Almost all the physio-biochemical parameters studied for the test plants in both the phases of submergence showed statistically signifcant diferences from the respective control plants. Among the fve rice genotypes, Saudang Bora showed best performance for most of the screening parameters with distinct allelic forms detected for the Sub1A loci
Trilochan Sahoo,Suraj Kumar Tripathy,Hwa-Soo Kim,전주원,Vasudevan Kannan,Myoung Kim,Mi-Hee Lee,유연태,이인환 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1
Epitaxial ZnO thin film was grown on spinel (111) substrates by using a hydrothermal technique. The phase and the surface morphology of the ZnO thin fllms were studied by using X-ray diffaction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The as-grown film was c-axis oriented and had a rough pitted surface morphology. The thickness of the film was found to depend greatly on the initial precursor concentration. Room-temperature photoluminescence measurements were carried out to study the optical properties of the as-grown epitaxial ZnO thin films. Band edge luminescence due to excitonic recombination and deep-level emission peaks were observed.