Not Voice but Case Match Matters in VP Ellipsis and Pseudogapping of English

Myung-Kwan Park,Sunjoo Choi 한국언어학회 2015 언어 Vol.40 No.2

Park, Myung-Kwan & Choi, Sunjoo. 2015. Not Voice but Case Match Matters in VP Ellipsis and Pseudogapping of English. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 40-2, 000-000. This paper develops a Case/case-theoretic account for what Merchant (2008) calls voice mismatch in ellipsis constructions of English. Merchant (ibid.) reports that VP ellipsis as an elision of smaller size VP allows voice mismatch, but Pseudogapping and Sluicing as an elision of bigger size vP/TP do not. However, Tanaka (2011) argues against Merchant's dichotomy in voice mismatch between VP ellipsis and Pseudogapping, reporting that voice mismatch in both types of ellipsis is permissible or not while interacting with what Kehler (2000) calls discourse coherence relations between ellipsis and antecedent clauses. Departing from Kehler's (2000) insight, we suggest that vP undergoes ellipsis in a resemblance discourse relation, but VP does so in a cause/effect discourse relation. Given the asymmetry in the size of ellipsis in tandem with discours relations, we argue that since Accusative as well as Nominative Case is checked outside VP, the VP to be elided can meet the identity condition on ellipsis with its antecedent VP as the object element in the former and the subject one in the latter or vice versus have not been Case-checked yet, thus being identical in terms of Case-feature at the point of derivation building a VP. (Dongguk University)

On English Verbal Anaphor: VP Replacement and VP Ellipsis

Myung-Kwan Park,Sunjoo Choi 현대문법학회 2017 현대문법연구 Vol.96 No.-

Myung-Kwan Park and Sunjoo Choi. 2017. On English Verbal Anaphor: VP Replacement and VP Ellipsis. Studies in Modern Grammar 96, 89-107. It has been noted that VP replacement do so is not allowed with verbal passives, though it is with unaccusatives (Hallman 2013). This paper develops an identity-based account for this contrast. Bruening (2016) recently reports that VP replacement is permitted even with passives in some restricted environments. Reformulating Miller's (2011) three options for VP anaphor (i.e., VP replacement and VP ellipsis), Bruening (2016) suggests two factors governing the choice of VP anaphor. Departing from Bruening (2016), however, this paper provides an identity-based account for the issue concerned, by demonstrating that VP replacement and VP ellipsis are derived in a similar way but they require different operational domains in tandem with the identity domain for VP replacement or ellipsis. Grounded on some key representative examples, we suggest that passives as well as unaccusatives require syntactic identity, but that they are distinguished in terms of the category where VP replacement or ellipsis applies. Furthermore, the difference between VP replacement and VP ellipsis concerning the size of operational domain can be extended to account for causative-inchoative alternations. In doing so, we argue that meeting the identity condition is crucial for VP replacement as well as VP ellipsis.

Influence of electron-donating and accepting functionalization of fullerene-based photosensitizers on the charge-generation efficiency of polymer composites

Choi, Jongwan,Kim, Nakjoong,Oh, Jin-Woo,Song, Heeseok,Choi, Moonhyun,Hong, Jinkee,Kim, Felix Sunjoo Korean Physical Society 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.11

<P>We studied a series of fullerene derivatives, which had been functionalized by an electron-donating group (triphenylamine) or an electron-accepting group (cyanobenzene), for use as photosensitizers in photoconducting polymer composites. The functionalized fullerenes were synthesized via the Prato reaction. The electronic energy levels of the fullerene derivatives and photo-charge-generation efficiencies of charge-transfer complex between the photoconducting polymer and the dopant were investigated by using density functional theory calculations, optical absorption spectroscopy, and xerographic discharge methods.</P>

On Pronoun Prediction in the L2 Neural Language Model

Sunjoo Choi,Myung-Kwan Park 한국영어학회 2023 영어학 Vol.23 No.-

In recent years, artificial neural(-network) language models (LMs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks involving sentence processing. However, despite leveraging the advantages of pre-trained neural LMs, our understanding of the specific syntactic knowledge acquired by these models during processing remains limited. This study aims to investigate whether L2 neural LMs trained on L2 English leaners’ textbooks can acquire syntactic knowledge similar to that of humans. Specifically, we examine the L2 LM’s ability to predict pronouns within the framework of previous experiments conducted with L1 humans and L1 LMs. Our focus is on pronominal coreference, a well-studied linguistic phenomenon in psycholinguistics that has been extensively investigated. This research expands on existing studies by exploring whether the L2 LM can learn Binding Condition B, a fundamental aspect of pronominal agreement. We replicate several previous experiments and examine the L2 LM’s capacity to exhibit human-like behavior in pronominal agreement effects. Consistent with the findings of Davis (2022), we provide further evidence that, like L1 LMs, the L2 LM fails to fully capture the range of behaviors associated with Binding Condition B, in comparison to L1 humans. Overall, neural LMs face challenges in recognizing the complete spectrum of Binding Condition B and are limited to capturing aspects of it only in specific contexts.

Importance of Critical Molecular Weight of Semicrystalline n-Type Polymers for Mechanically Robust, Efficient Electroactive Thin Films

Choi, Joonhyeong,Kim, Wansun,Kim, Donguk,Kim, Seonha,Chae, Junsu,Choi, Siyoung Q.,Kim, Felix Sunjoo,Kim, Taek-Soo,Kim, Bumjoon J. American Chemical Society 2019 Chemistry of materials Vol.31 No.9

<P>Mechanical properties of conducting polymers are an essential consideration in the design of flexible and stretchable electronics, but the guidelines for the material design having both high mechanical and electrical properties remain limited. Here we provide an important guideline for the design of mechanically robust, electroactive polymer thin films in terms of the molecular weight of the polymers. These studies based on a highly efficient, representative n-type conjugated polymer (P(NDI2OD-T2)) revealed a marked enhancement in mechanical properties across a narrow molecular weight range, highlighting the existence of a critical molecular weight that can be exploited to engineer films that balance processability and mechanical and electronic properties. We found the thin films formed from high molecular weight polymers (i.e., number-average molecular weight (<I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB>) ∼ 163 kg mol<SUP>-1</SUP>) to exhibit superior mechanical compliance and robustness, with a 114-fold enhanced strain at fracture and a 2820-fold enhanced toughness, as compared to those of low molecular weight polymer films (<I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB> = 15 kg mol<SUP>-1</SUP>). In particular, we observed a jump in the mechanical properties between the <I>M</I><SUB>n</SUB> = 48 and 103 kg mol<SUP><B>-</B>1</SUP>, yielding a 26-fold enhanced strain at fracture and a 160-fold enhanced toughness. The significant improvement of tensile properties indicates the presence of a critical molecular weight at which entangled polymer networks start to form, as supported by the analysis of the thermal and crystalline properties, specific viscosity, and microstructure. Our work provides useful guidelines for the design of conjugated polymers with recommendations for the best combinations of mechanical robustness and electrical performance for flexible and stretchable electronics.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

How are Korean Neural Language Models ‘surprised’ Layerwisely?

Sunjoo Choi,Myung-Kwan Park,Euhee Kim 한국언어과학회 2021 언어과학 Vol.28 No.4

MaxElide in English Ellipsis Constructions

Sunjoo Choi 한국생성문법학회 2017 한국생성문법학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.1

When VP Ellipsis is Bled: Locative Inversion and Specificational Copulars

Sunjoo Choi,Myung-Kwan Park 한국영어학회 2021 영어학 Vol.21 No.-

Enhanced photorefractive performance of polymeric composites through surface plasmon effects of gold nanoparticles.

Choi, Jongwan,Ji, Seok-Hwan,Choi, Chil-Sung,Oh, Jin-Woo,Kim, Felix Sunjoo,Kim, Nakjoong Optical Society of America 2014 Optics letters Vol.39 No.15

<P>We investigated the photorefractivity enhancement of polymeric composites by introducing gold nanoparticles (NPs). The gold NPs enhance the photocharge generation rate of sensitizers through plasmon resonance coupling achieved between NPs and sensitizers. Systematic studies show that the presence of gold NPs has increased photocharge generation efficiency, photoconductivity, diffraction efficiency, refractive index modulation, and photorefractive (PR) grating formation rate. The gold-NP-doped PR sample exhibits 2 times larger photocharge generation efficiency and photoconductivity, and 2.5 times faster PR grating formation rate compared to the control sample without the NPs.</P>

PI3-Kinase and PDK-1 Regulate HDAC1-mediated Transcriptional Repression of Transcription Factor NF-κB

Sunjoo Jeong,Yong Seok Choi 한국분자세포생물학회 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.20 No.2

PDK-1 activates PI3-kinase/Akt signaling and regulates fundamental cellular functions, such as growth and survival. NF-κB is involved in the induction of a variety of cellular genes affecting immunity, inflammation and the resistance to apoptosis induced by some anti-cancer drugs. Even though the crucial involvement of the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway in the anti-apoptotic activation of NF-κB is well known, the exact role of PDK-1 as well as PI3-kinase/Akt in NF-κB activation is not understood. Here we demonstrate that PDK-1 plays a pivotal role in transcriptional activation of NF-κB by dissociating the transcriptional co-repressor HDAC1 from the p65 subunit of NF-κB. The association of CBP with p65 was not directly modulated by PDK-1 or by PI3-kinase. Etoposide activated NF-κB through PI3-kinase/Akt, and the transcription activation domain (TAD) of p65 was further activated by wild-type PDK-1. Overexpression of a dominant negative PDK-1 mutant decreased etoposide-induced NF-κB transcription and further downregulated the ectopic HDAC1-mediated decrease in NF-κB transcriptional activity. Thus activation of PDK-1 relieves the HDAC1-mediated repression of NF-κB that may be related to basal as well as activated transcription by NF-κB. This effect may also explain the role of the PI3-kinase/PDK-1 pathway in the anti-apoptotic function of NF-κB associated with the chemoresistance of cancer cells.