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Sudhakar M. Rao,K. Asha,S. Shivachidambaram 한국지질과학협의회 2013 Geosciences Journal Vol.17 No.1
Geochemical studies are performed to examine the impact of leachate infiltration from on-site sewage disposal systems on the groundwater chemistry in Mulbagal town, Kolar District, Karnataka State, India. The leachate infiltration imposed nitrate concentrations ranging from 4 mg/L to 388 mg/L in the groundwater samples; it was observed that 79% of the samples exhibited nitrate concentrations in excess of drinking water permissible limit (45 mg/L). The average (of 43 measurements) E. coli levels in the groundwater samples corresponded to 189 MPN/100 mL and 55% of the samples tested exhibit pathogen contamination. Results also showed that the groundwater in the study area is characterized by acidic pH, large calcium + magnesium ion and Na/Cl ratios of <unity causing majority of the ground water samples to classify as Ca-Mg-Cl type and Na-Cl type. Saturation index (SI) computation using Visual MINTEQ program showed that the groundwater samples are under-saturated with respect to calcite. The theoretical SI values (of calcite) however suggested that the groundwater samples ought to be over-saturated with calcite. Under-saturation of the groundwater samples with calcite is attributed to increased dissolution of the mineral in the acidic environment of the groundwater.
Zi Qin Ng,Arul Edward Suthananthan,Sudhakar Rao 한국간담췌외과학회 2017 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.21 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: The impact of pre-operative biliary stenting (PBS) in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy on post-operative infectious complications is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between PBS and post-operative infectious complications, to determine the effect of PBS on bile bacteriology, and to correlate the bacteriology of bile and bacteria cultured from post-operative infectious complications in our institute. Methods: Details of 51 patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy January 2011-April 2015 were reviewed. Of 51 patients, 30 patients underwent pre-operative biliary stenting (PBS group) and 21 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy without pre-operative biliary stenting. Post-operative infectious complications were compared between the two groups. Results: Overall post-operative infectious complication rate was 77% and 67% in the PBS and non-PBS groups respectively. Wound infection was the main infectious complication followed by intraabdominal abscess. The rate of wound infection doubled in the PBS group (50% vs 28%). There was slight increase in incidence of intraabdominal abscess in PBS group (53% vs 46%). 80% of PBS patients had positive intraoperative bile culture as compared to 20% in non-PBS group. Conclusions: Preoperative biliary drainage prior to pancreaticoduodenectomy increases risk of developing post-operative wound infections and intra-abdominal collections.
Evolution of trauma care and the trauma registry in the West Australian health system
( Mayura Thilanka Iddagoda ),( Maxine Burrell ),( Sudhakar Rao ),( Leon Flicker ) 대한외상학회 2022 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.35 No.2
Trauma care is evolving throughout the world to meet the demand resulting from rapidly increasing rates of mortality and morbidity related to external injuries. The State Major Trauma Service was designated to Royal Perth Hospital in 2004 to provide comprehensive care for trauma patients in Western Australia (WA), which is the largest state by area in the country. The State Major Trauma Unit, which was established in 2008, functions as a level I center and admits over 1,000 major trauma patients per year, making it the second busiest trauma center in Australia. The importance of recording data related to trauma was identified by the trauma service in WA to inspire higher standards of patient care and injury prevention. In 1994, the service established a trauma registry, which has undergone significant changes over the last two decades. The current State Trauma Registry is linked to a statewide database called the Data Linkage System. The linked data are available for policy development, quality assurance, and research. This article discusses the evolution of the trauma service and the registry database in the WA health system. The State Trauma Registry has enormous potential to contribute to research and quality improvement studies along with its ability to link with other databases.
Dae-Kee, Kim,Hua Jin, Chung,Krishnaiah, Maddeboina,Sreenu, Domalapally,Kota Sudhakar, Rao,Subrahmanyam, Vura BaJa,Chui-Yong, Park,jee-Yeon, Son,Yhun Yhong, Sheen 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2012 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.22
A series of 1-substituted-3(5)-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)pyrazoles 14a-d, 15a-d, 17a, 17b, 18a-d, 19a, and 19b has been synthesized and evaluated for their ALK5 inhibitory activity in an enzyme assay and in a cell-based luciferase reporter assay. The 2-[3-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-N-phenylethanethioamide (18a) inhibited ALK5 phosphorylation with an IC(50) value of 0.013 μM and showed 80% inhibition at 0.1 μM in a luciferase reporter assay using HaCaT cells permanently transfected with p3TP-luc reporter construct.