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Transcriptome Analysis of a Spontaneous Reddish Mutant in Miyagawa Wase Satsuma Mandarin
Su Jeoung Suh,김인중,Seong-Hun Lee,이동훈 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.4
Color is one of the main characteristics determining the fruit quality of Citrus. A spontaneous mutant of Miyagawa Wase Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) was selected for its reddish coloration. At the start of ripening, color development of the mutant fruit was faster than that in wild-type fruit. At the mature stage, the intensity of red color in the peel was higher in the mutant without other changes in fruit characteristics. To understand the molecular basis of the mutant phenotype,microarray analysis was performed to observe genome-wide transcriptomic alterations in the mutant compared to the wild-type fruit. In the mutant, the expression levels of 582 genes were altered by more than 2-fold (p <0.05). Up-regulated genes were predominantly classified as genes involved in metabolism, cellular processing, and signaling. The expression levels of enzymes involved in carotenoid and flavonoid metabolisms, which are responsible for pigmentation in plants, were increased in the mutant, whereas enzymes involved in carotenoid degradation also were up-regulated. Confirming the microarray results, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction data showed that expression of genes for carotenoid and flavonoid metabolism was strongly increased in the mutant. These results suggest that the changes of gene expression involved in carotenoid and/or flavonoid metabolism could responsible for the red-coloration in mutant.
Transcriptome Analysis of a Spontaneous Reddish Mutant in Miyagawa Wase Satsuma Mandarin
Suh, Su Jeoung,Lee, Seong-Hun,Lee, Dong-Hoon,Kim, In-Jung The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.4
Color is one of the main characteristics determining the fruit quality of Citrus. A spontaneous mutant of Miyagawa Wase Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) was selected for its reddish coloration. At the start of ripening, color development of the mutant fruit was faster than that in wild-type fruit. At the mature stage, the intensity of red color in the peel was higher in the mutant without other changes in fruit characteristics. To understand the molecular basis of the mutant phenotype, microarray analysis was performed to observe genome-wide transcriptomic alterations in the mutant compared to the wild-type fruit. In the mutant, the expression levels of 582 genes were altered by more than 2-fold (p <0.05). Up-regulated genes were predominantly classified as genes involved in metabolism, cellular processing, and signaling. The expression levels of enzymes involved in carotenoid and flavonoid metabolisms, which are responsible for pigmentation in plants, were increased in the mutant, whereas enzymes involved in carotenoid degradation also were up-regulated. Confirming the microarray results, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction data showed that expression of genes for carotenoid and flavonoid metabolism was strongly increased in the mutant. These results suggest that the changes of gene expression involved in carotenoid and/or flavonoid metabolism could responsible for the red-coloration in mutant.
Suh Su Jeoung,Kim Seong Woo,Hoon Seok Yoon,In-Jung Kim 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07
Carotenoids are major secondary compounds in Citrus determining the color of fruit and nutritional values. Carotenoids are isoprenoic compounds, and function as color pigments in the flower and fruit to attract pollinators and seed-dispersing animal and chromophore for light harvest and photoprotectant during photosynthesis. In the aim of developing new cultivars with high value using molecular breeding technology, we had performed screening of flesh and peel specific genes by differentially expressed gene screening in Citrus unshiu fruits. From the screening, carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO)1, which converts pro-lycopene to all-trans-lycopene, was identified as peel-specifically expressed gene. In this study, the gene encoding the CRTISO1 was cloned, sequenced, and compared to the CRTISOs in other plant species. Comparison of the cds sequence to other plant species revealed 75% and 78% identity with CRTISO1 of Zea maize and CRTISO2 of Arabidopsis thaliana respectively. We also cloned CRTISO2 from C. unshiu which declines the expression while maturation (Kato et al., 2004), and the gene structure was analyzed. This is the first work reporting the full sequence and gene structure of CRTISOs in C. unshiu, and would give important information in understanding the carotenoid synthesis in the Citrus fruit.