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Multiple System Atrophy: Genetic or Epigenetic?
Edith Sturm,Nadia Stefanova 한국뇌신경과학회 2014 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.23 No.4
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare, late-onset and fatal neurodegenerative disease including multisystem neurodegenerationand the formation of α-synuclein containing oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs), which present the hallmark of thedisease. MSA is considered to be a sporadic disease; however certain genetic aspects have been studied during the last years in orderto shed light on the largely unknown etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. Epidemiological studies focused on the possibleimpact of environmental factors on MSA disease development. This article gives an overview on the findings from genetic andepigenetic studies on MSA and discusses the role of genetic or epigenetic factors in disease pathogenesis.
Lertudomphonwanit Thamrong,Berry Chirag A.,Jain Viral V.,Sturm Peter F 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.3
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: To determine whether implant density impact three-dimensional deformity correction in posterior spinal fusion (PSF) without Ponte osteotomies (POs) for patients with Lenke 1 and 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Overview of Literature: Currently, the optimal pedicle screw (PS) density for flexible moderate-sized thoracic AIS curve correction is still controversial. There are limited data regarding the impact of implant density on three-dimensional correction in PSF without the use of PO for thoracic AIS surgery.Methods: A database of patients with AIS with Lenke 1 and 2 curves treated with PSF without PO and instrumented with PSs and ≥2-year follow-up was reviewed. The preoperative, immediate, and final follow-up postoperative radiographs were analyzed. The correlation between PS density and the following factors were determined: major curve correction (MCC), correction index (CI; MCC/curve flexibility), kyphosis angle change, and rib index (RI) correction. Then, patients were divided into low-density (LD) and high-density (HD) groups according to mean PS density for the entire cohort (1.5 PS per level). Demographics and radiographic and clinical outcomes were compared between groups.Results: The study included 99 patients with Lenke 1 and 23 patients with Lenke 2 AIS. The average MCC was 67.2%. There was no correlation between screw density and these parameters: MCC (r=0.10, p=0.26), CI (r=0.16, p=0.07), change in T2–T12 kyphosis angle (r=−0.13, p=0.14), and RI correction (r=−0.09, p=0.37). Demographic and preoperative radiographic parameters were similar between the LD and HD groups. At the latest follow-up, there were no differences between the two groups in regard to MCC, CI, change in T2–T12 kyphosis angle, RI correction, and Scoliosis Research Society-30 scores (all p>0.05).Conclusions: This study revealed no significant correlation between screw density and curve correction in any planes. HD construct may not provide better deformity correction in patients with flexible and moderate thoracic AIS undergoing PSF without PO.
Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film Transistors made on Clear Plastic at 300 ℃
Kunigunde H. Cherenack,Alex Z. Kattamis,Bahman Hekmatshoar,James C. Sturm,Sigurd Wagner 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.54 No.1
We have made a-Si:H TFTs at a process temperature of 300 ℃ on free-standing clear plastic foil substrates and have improved the large-area alignment of TFT device layers. The key to achieving at and crack-free samples is to design the mechanical stresses in the substrate passivation and transistor layers, allowing us to obtain functional transistors over the entire active surface. The TFT gate and the back-channel passivation were self-aligned. Back-channel passivated TFTs made at 300 ℃ on glass substrates and plastic substrate have identical electrical characteristics and gate bias stress stability. These results suggest that free-standing clear plastic foil can replace display glass as a substrate from the points of process temperature, substrate and device integrity and TFT performance and stability.
SUPERNOVA REMNANTS IN THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
BOZZETTO, LUKE M.,FILIPOVIC, MIROSLAV D.,HABERL, FRANK,SASAKI, MANAMI,KAVANAGH, PATRICK,MAGGI, PIERRE,UROSEVIC, DEJAN,STURM, RICHARD The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2
We present an ongoing study of the complete sample of supernova remnants (SNRs) and candidates in the Magellanic Clouds. 108 objects in both Clouds are considered to be either SNR or reliable candidates. This represents the most complete sample of all known SNRs in any galaxy. It therefore allows us to study SNR population properties such as the age-diameter (Age-D) relation. Here, we show that this Age-D relation is strongly dependant on the local environment in which SNRs are residing.