Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs) Formation in Al/Mg Dissimilar Alloy Solid State Joining: Experimental Study and Phase Field Modeling

Kuijing Song,Xinquan Liu,Yukai Ji,Yong Wei,Junrui Luo,Fei Liu,Dashuang Liu,Zhihong Zhong 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.4

Aluminum/magnesium (Al/Mg) alloys have good metallurgical compatibility as well as similar melting and recrystallizationtemperatures. Therefore, the formation of deleterious IMCs is considered as a major problem in dissimilar Al/Mgalloys joining. In this paper, the metallurgical reaction behavior and atomic diffusion in Al/Mg solid state joining interfaceare studied. Based on the thermodynamic, kinetic and crystallographic characteristics of ordered phase transformation andatomic diffusion database, a phase field calculation framework of the polycrystalline β–Al3Mg2 and γ–Al12Mg17 evolutionis developed. Diffusivity, D and interface mobility, M, which significant kinetic parameters are defined as alloy compositionsand joining conditions dependent. By a series of simulation, it is proved the simulated interdiffusion microstructuralcharacteristics and element distribution across the joining interface are in coincidence with the corresponding experimentaldata. The thermally activated IMC evolution in diffusion bonding is in thermodynamic equilibrium, while accelerated IMCevolution in friction stir welding results from thermomechanically activated D and M. The present study contributes to theunderstanding of interfacial microstructures evolution in solid state joining of dissimilar alloys.

Supplementation of different fat sources affects growth performance and carcass composition of finishing pigs

Liu, Yanhong,Kil, Dong Yong,Perez-Mendoza, Victor G.,Song, Minho,Pettigrew, James E. BioMed Central 2018 Journal of animal science and biotechnology Vol.9 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>There are various fat sources with different energy values and fatty acid compositions that may affect growth performance and carcass composition of grow-finishing pigs. A higher net energy was recently reported in choice white grease compared with soybean oil. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to determine whether practical responses confirm that difference between choice white grease and soybean oil, and to extend the observations to other fat sources.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In Exp. 1, pigs fed fats had lower (<I>P</I> < 0.05) average daily feed intake in phase II and overall period, greater (<I>P</I> < 0.05) gain:feed in phase I, phase II, and overall period than pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed fats tended (<I>P</I> = 0.057) to have thicker backfat depth at the last rib than those fed control. Pigs fed 6% fats had greater (<I>P</I> < 0.01) gain:feed in phase II and overall period than pigs fed 3% fats. During phase I, pigs fed choice white grease grew faster (<I>P</I> < 0.05) than pigs fed soybean oil. In Exp. 2, pigs fed dietary fats (soybean oil, choice white grease, animal-vegetable blend, palm oil, or tallow) had greater (<I>P</I> < 0.01) gain:feed in each phase and overall period, greater (<I>P</I> < 0.01) average daily gain in phase I, but lower (<I>P</I> < 0.01) average daily feed intake in phase II an overall than pigs fed the control diets. The choice white grease also increased (<I>P</I> < 0.05) average daily gain during phase I compared with soybean oil. Pigs fed palm oil had thicker (<I>P</I> < 0.05) backfat depth at the 10<SUP>th</SUP> rib than those fed soybean oil, animal-vegetable blend, or tallow.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Inclusion of 6% dietary fat improved feed efficiency of finishing pigs, while different fats produced different practical results that may be consistent with their different energy values. Results from the early stage indicate that dietary fats with relatively more saturated fatty acids may provide greater energy than those with relatively more unsaturated fatty acids for growing pigs.</P>

Site-directed Mutagenesis of the Toxin from the Chinese Scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch (BmKAS): Insight into Sites Related to Analgesic Activity

Yong Cui,Yong-Bo Song,Lin Ma,Yan-Feng Liu,Guo-Dong Li,Chun-Fu Wu,Jing-Hai Zhang 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.10

This study utilized the E. coli expression system to investigate the role of amino acid residues in toxin from the Chinese scorpion - Buthus martensii Karsch (BmKAS). To evaluate the extent to which residues of the toxin core contribute to its analgesic activity, ten mutants of BmKAS were obtained by PCR. Using site-directed mutagenesis, all of these residues were substituted with different amino acids. This study represents a thorough mapping and elucidation of the epitopes that form the molecular basis of the toxin’s analgesic activity. Our results showed large mutant-dependent differences that emphasize the important roles of the studied residues.

Identification of Biologically Effective Dose-Volumetric Parameters That Predict Radiation-Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Patients Treated With Helical Tomotherapy for Unresectable Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Song, Jin Ho,Son, Seok Hyun,Kay, Chul Seung,Jang, Hong Seok,Liu., Yong Wolters Kluwer Health 2015 Medicine Vol.94 No.43

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The purpose of this study is to identify dose-volumetric parameters that predict radiation-induced hepatic toxicity (RIHT) by analyzing the relationship between the biologically effective dose (BED) delivered to the normal liver and RIHT.</P><P>The clinical and dosimetric data from 123 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with helical tomotherapy were analyzed. The median radiation dose was a 50 Gy in 4.5 Gy fractions (range, 30–60 Gy in 1.8–5.0 Gy fractions) to 95% of the planning target volume. RIHT was defined as a Child-Pugh score increase of at least 2 points within 3 months of helical tomotherapy completion.</P><P>RIHT developed in 60 patients (48.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that V<SUB>BED20</SUB> (percentage of nontarget normal liver volume that received more than a BED of 20 Gy) was a significant parameter (<I>P</I> < 0.001), and the cut-off value was 40.8% with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.833 and 0.698, respectively, according to the receiver operating characteristic curve (<I>P</I> < 0.001).</P><P>Maintaining a V<SUB>BED20</SUB> below 40.8% will reduce the risk of RIHT, and the proposed normal liver tolerance curve could be a useful guideline when treating unresectable HCC patients with various radiotherapy dose schedules.</P>

Short-course Versus Long-course Preoperative Radiotherapy plus Delayed Surgery in the Treatment of Rectal Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Liu, Shi-Xin,Zhou, Zhi-Rui,Chen, Ling-Xiao,Yang, Yong-Jing,Hu, Zhi-De,Zhang, Tian-Song Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Background: Short-course preoperative radiation (SCRT) with delayed surgery was found to increase pathologic complete response (pCR) rates in several trials. However, there was no clear answer on whether SCRT or long-course chemo-radiotherapy (LCRT) is more effective. Therefore we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SCRT versus LCRT, both with delayed surgery, for treatment of rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: The literature was searched from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and clinicaltrials.gov up to November, 2014. Quality of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was evaluated according to the Cochrane's risk of bias tool of RCT. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to rate the level of evidence. Review Manager 5.3 was employed for statistical analysis. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Three RCTs, with a total of 357 rectal cancer patients, were included in this systematic review. Metaanalysis results demonstrated there were no significantly differences in sphincter preservation rate, local recurrence rate, grade 3~4 acute toxicity, R0 resection rate and downstaging rate. Compared with SCRT, LCRT was associated with significant increase in the pCR rate [RR=0.49, 95%CI (0.31, 0.78), P=0.003]. Conclusions: In terms of sphincter preservation rate, local recurrence rate, grade 3~4 acute toxicity, R0 resection rate and downstaging rate, SCRT with delayed surgery is as effective as LCRT with delayed surgery for management of rectal cancer. LCRT significantly increased pCR rate compared with SCRT. Due to risk of bias and imprecision, further multi-center large sample RCTs were needed to confirm this conclusion.

Development and Evaluation of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Tylenchulus semipenetrans Using DNA Extracted from Soil

Song, Zhi-Qiang,Cheng, Ju-E,Cheng, Fei-Xue,Zhang, De-Yong,Liu, Yong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.2

Tylenchulus semipenetrans is an important and widespread plant-parasitic nematode of citrus worldwide and can cause citrus slow decline disease leading to significant reduction in tree growth and yield. Rapid and accurate detection of T. semipenetrans in soil is important for the disease forecasting and management. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed to detect T. semipenetrans using DNA extracted from soil. A set of five primers was designed from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) of rDNA, and was highly specific to T. semipenetrans. The LAMP reaction was performed at $63^{\circ}C$ for 60 min. The LAMP product was visualized directly in one reaction tube by adding SYBR Green I. The detection limit of the LAMP assay was $10^{-2}J2/0.5g$ of soil, which was 10 times more sensitive than conventional PCR ($10^{-1}J2/0.5g$ of soil). Examination of 24 field soil samples revealed that the LAMP assay was applicable to a range of soils infested naturally with T. semipenetrans, and the total assay time was less than 2.5 h. These results indicated that the developed LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, sensitive, specific and accurate technique for detection of T. semipenetrans in field soil, and contributes to the effective management of citrus slow decline disease.

Linkage Mapping of Interspecific Population between Malus domestica cv. Fuji and M. baccata Based on RAPD Markers

Liu Meng Jun(劉孟軍),Shin Yong-Uk(신용억),Yae Byeong-Woo(예병우),Hwang Jeong-Hwan(황정환),Song Kwan-Jeong(송관정),Suh Eun-Jung(서은정) 한국원예학회 1998 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.39 No.3

Xylaroisopimaranin A, a New Isopimarane Derivative from an Endophytic Fungus Xylaralyce sp.

Shang-Song Bao,Hui-Hui Liu,Xue-Qing Zhang,Cheng-Xiong Liu,Xiao-Cong Li,Zhi-Yong Guo 한국생약학회 2019 Natural Product Sciences Vol.25 No.3

Five secondary metabolites, including a new isopimarane derivative xylaroisopimaranin A (1), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaralyce sp. (HM-1), and their structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR, MS and CD spectra. Their bioactivities were performed to antibacterial, Hep G2 cells cytotoxicity and brine shrimp inhibition. The biological evaluation results showed that the xylaroisopimaranin A (1), xylabisboein B (2), griseofulvin (3) , 5-methylmellein (4) and mellein-5-carboxlic acid (5) displayed no significant Hep G2 cells cytotoxicity and antibacterial acitivity, but they inhibited the brine shrimp with IC50 from 0.5 to 25 μmol/mL.

Land and Sea Engineering Geological Model and Division of the Laizhou Bay Coast, China

( Xiaoshuai Song ),( Yonggang Jia ),( Hongxian Shan ),( Xiaolei Liu ),( Yong Zhang ),( Xianghuai Kong ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

In order to meet the development demands of Laizhou Bay Coastal Zone, there has carried out, including engineering survey, engineering geological drilling, in-situ test (standard penetration test), laboratory test, theoretical analysis and other research methods, in line with the layout of geo-spatial development and its geological environment characteristics. Through the analysis of the essential data, the stratigraphic structure, topography, geological structure and hydrogeological conditions of the study area were obtained. Based on the measured data of 24 engineering geological boreholes and the collected data of 202 boreholes, nine engineering geological layers were determined. And the types of rock and soil, the distribution of poor geological bodies and the engineering geology structural features have been understood. Based on that, the three-dimensional engineering geological model of Laizhou Bay coastal zone was established by using the software Mapgis K9. The image of the model objectively reflected the engineering stratigraphic structure and geological characteristics of the study area. Finally, the land area of the study area was divided into three major engineering geological areas and eight engineering geological sub-areas. Similarly, the sea area was divided into three major areas and six geological sub-areas. This work can provide local government with detailed and reliable basic data for development planning, provide scientific basis for coastal economic construction and sustainable development, and serve land and resources utilization, coastal zone development and management and planning.

Epitaxial growth of <010>-oriented MoO2 nanorods on m-sapphire

Jinxin Liu,Jiao Shi,Di Wu,Xiaoming Zheng,Fengming Chen,Junting Xiao,Youzhen Li,Fei Song,Yongli Gao,Han Huang 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.10

Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) materials have attracted considerable interests due to their superduper properties and potential applications, relating to the growth directions and exposed surfaces. Here, we reported as the substrate changes from c-to m-sapphire, the growth direction of epitaxial MoO2 nanorods via an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition approach changes along from <001> to <010> of bulk monoclinic MoO2 accompanied by exposing different surfaces. Optical microscopy (OM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) measurements reveal these MoO2 nanorods are epitaxially grown on m-sapphire substrates with the orientation of MoO2 (101)//sapphire (1010) and MoO2 <010> in line with sapphire <0001>. The electrical conductivity significantly depends on the crystallographic direction of MoO2 nanorods. The method to control the growth directions of 1D MoO2 nanorods has potential applications in nanoelectronic devices.