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Shinji Matsumoto,Hideki Shimada,Takashi Sasaoka 한국지질과학협의회 2017 Geosciences Journal Vol.21 No.3
The disintegration of rocks by weathering plays an important role in the occurrence of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), which is the environmental problem caused by the exposure of sulfide minerals to water and oxygen. The weathering of rocks is, generally, classified into physical or chemical weathering. However, there are few studies that focus on the complex interaction between physical and chemical weathering of rocks and on the effects of the interaction on the occurrence of AMD. This paper elucidates the complex interrelation between physical and chemical weathering of rocks as well as the progress of AMD through leaching test and weathering test with argillaceous rocks taken in open-cast coal mine in Indonesia in addition to sample analysis before and after the wetting and drying cycle: the rock samples were exposed to oxygen and water during the cycle. The results indicated that the argillaceous rocks which consist of sulfide and/or sulfate caused chemical weathering with micro-cracks on the surface of rocks through the dissolution of soluble iron and sulfur during the occurrence of AMD. Additionally, physical weathering of rocks due to clay minerals was accelerated by chemical weathering with the development of cracks with the occurrence of AMD in the argillaceous rocks containing kaolinite and pyrite. Although weathering of rocks also accelerated AMD, it was concluded that the sulfur content, the form of sulfur and iron in rocks, and the supply of oxygen significantly contributed to the occurrence of AMD.
Sofue Keitaro,Shimada Ryuji,Ueshima Eisuke,Komatsu Shohei,Yamaguchi Takeru,Yabe Shinji,Ueno Yoshiko,Hori Masatoshi,Murakami Takamichi 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.1
Despite improvements in operative techniques and perioperative care, post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) remains the most serious cause of morbidity and mortality after surgery, and several risk factors have been identified to predict PHLF. Although volumetric assessment using imaging contributes to surgical simulation by estimating the function of future liver remnants in predicting PHLF, liver function is assumed to be homogeneous throughout the liver. The combination of volumetric and functional analyses may be more useful for an accurate evaluation of liver function and prediction of PHLF than only volumetric analysis. Gadoxetic acid is a hepatocyte-specific magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent that is taken up by hepatocytes via the OATP1 transporter after intravenous administration. Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging (MRI) offers information regarding both global and regional functions, leading to a more precise evaluation even in cases with heterogeneous liver function. Various indices, including signal intensity-based methods and MR relaxometry, have been proposed for the estimation of liver function and prediction of PHLF using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. Recent developments in MR techniques, including high-resolution hepatobiliary phase images using deep learning image reconstruction and whole-liver T1 map acquisition, have enabled a more detailed and accurate estimation of liver function in gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.
Jong-Tag Youn,반규정,Yong-Hwan Ryu,Shinji Shimada,Choon-Ki Lee,김선림,Sea-Jung Seo,이석하 한국작물학회 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.1
Improvement of N2 fixation by symbiotic rhizobia is considered an effective means for enhancing its productivity without high input of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Several methods to improve N2 fixation have been proposed including the use of supernodulating mutants. The objective of this research was to identify the varietal difference in N and N2-fixation ability among the soybean supernodulating mutants, SS2-2 and Sakukei 4, with different nodulation abilities using 15N in field conditions in both Korea and Japan. The dry weight (DW) was higher in wild-type soybeans. The distribution rate of DW in each plant part was high in seeds of supernoduating and wild-type soybeans but high in stems and leaves of non-nodulating mutants. Although the supernodulating mutants had a low DW rate at maturity, they showed a similar N2 fixation ability compared with wild-type. Supernodulating mutant plants mainly obtained N from N2 fixation, while soil N was the main resource for obtaining N in non-nodulating mutants. The percentage of N derived from atmospheric dinitrogen (Ndfa) was higher in supernodulating mutants than in wild-type and relatively high in seeds between plant parts at maturity. In particular, supernodulating mutants showed higher N content in roots than those of wild-type and non-nodulating mutants. It was considered that supernodulating mutants have the advantage of saving nitrate in soil and being beneficial for N absorption of subsequent crops due to their conserving more N in the field and releasing considerable amounts of N from roots and leaves fallen to the soil.
Temperature Parameter Control of Q value-based Dynamic Programming with Boltzmann Distribution
Shanqing Yu,Shingo Mabu,Manoj Kanta Mainali,Shinji Eto,Kaoru Shimada,Kotaro Hirasawa 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In order to improve the efficiency of traffic systems in the global perspective, we proposed a dynamic routing strategy, where the optimal traveling time for each Origin-Destination (OD) pair is calculated by extended Q value-based Dynamic Programming and the global optimum routes are produced by adjusting the temperature parameter in Boltzmann distribution. In this paper, how to control the temperature parameter is discussed in detail depending on the dynamic traffic conditions. What’s more, various temperature parameter control strategies of the Q value-based Dynamic Programming with Botzmann distribution are tested in the simulations. The results show that adopting suitable temperature parameter control strategy could improve the efficiency of the traffic systems effectively.
Youn, Jong-Tag,Van, Kyu-Jung,Ryu, Yong-Hwan,Shimada, Shinji,Lee, Choon-Ki,Kim, Sun-Lim,Seo, Sea-Jung,Lee, Suk-Ha The Korean Society of Crop Science 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.1
Improvement of $N_2$ fixation by symbiotic rhizobia is considered an effective means for enhancing its productivity without high input of nitrogen(N) fertilizer. Several methods to improve $N_2$ fixation have been proposed including the use of supernodulating mutants. The objective of this research was to identify the varietal difference in N and $N_2$-fixation ability among the soybean supernodulating mutants, SS2-2 and Sakukei 4, with different nodulation abilities using $^{15}N$ in field conditions in both Korea and Japan. The dry weight(DW) was higher in wild-type soybeans. The distribution rate of DW in each plant part was high in seeds of supernoduating and wild-type soybeans but high in stems and leaves of non-nodulating mutants. Although the supernodulating mutants had a low DW rate at maturity, they showed a similar $N_2$ fixation ability compared with wild-type. Supernodulating mutant plants mainly obtained N from $N_2$ fixation, while soil N was the main resource for obtaining N in non-nodulating mutants. The percentage of N derived from atmospheric dinitrogen(Ndfa) was higher in supernodulating mutants than in wild-type and relatively high in seeds between plant parts at maturity. In particular, supernodulating mutants showed higher N content in roots than those of wild-type and non-nodulating mutants. It was considered that supernodulating mutants have the advantage of saving nitrate in soil and being beneficial for N absorption of subsequent crops due to their conserving more N in the field and releasing considerable amounts of N from roots and leaves fallen to the soil.
Most Highly Cytokinergic IgEs Have Polyreactivity to Autoantigens
Jun-ichi Kashiwakura,Yoshimichi Okayama,Masutaka Furue,Kenji Kabashima,Shinji Shimada,Chisei Ra,Reuben P. Siraganian,Yuko Kawakami,Toshiaki Kawakami 대한천식알레르기학회 2012 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.4 No.6
Purpose Monomeric IgE molecules, when bound to the high-affinity receptor, exhibit a vast heterogeneity in their ability to induce survival promotion and cytokine production in mast cells. At one end of this spectrum, highly cytokinergic (HC) IgEs can induce potent survival promotion, degranulation, cytokine production, migration, etc., whereas at the other end, poorly cytokinergic (PC) IgEs can do so inefficiently. In this study, we investigated whether IgEs recognize autoantigens and whether IgEs' binding of autoantigens correlates with difference s in HC versus PC properties. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to test whether IgEs bind antigens. Histamine-releasing factor in human sera was quantified by western blotting. Cultured mast cells derived from human cord blood were used to test the effects of human sera on cytokine production. Results Most (7/8) of mouse monoclonal HC IgEs exhibited polyreactivity to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), β-galactosidase, thyroglobulin and/or histamine-releasing factor. By contrast, mouse PC IgEs failed to react with these antigens. A human monoclonal HC IgE also showed polyreactivity to histamine-releasing factor, dsDNA and ssDNA. Interestingly, sera from atopic dermatitis patients showed increased reactivity to ssDNA and β-galactosidase and increased levels of histamine-releasing factor. Some atopic dermatitis patients, but not healthy individuals, had substantial serum levels of HRF-reactive IgE. Sera from atopic dermatitis patients with high titers of DNA-reactive IgE could induce several fold more IL-8 secretion in human mast cells than sera from healthy individuals. Conclusions The results show that most HC, but not PC, IgEs exhibit polyreactivity to autoantigens, supporting the autoimmune mechanism in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.