A Survey on Differences of Preferred Locations of In-vehicle Controls between Korean and American Drivers

Seungwoo Hong,Jongyong Nam,Sungjoon Park,Eui S. Jung,Woojin Park,Jaeho Choe 대한인간공학회 2007 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

The purpose of this study is to determine preferred locations for various in-vehicle controls that require manipulation during vehicle operation and to analyze differences of customer’s preference between Korean drivers and American drivers. 23 in-vehicle controls that are related to the interior design of vehicles were considered in terms of the frequency of use and the need for quick operation. They are switches for outside rearview mirrors, cruise controls, etc. Frequency of use means how often this control is operated while staying in a vehicle, either stationary or moving and the need for quick operation means how important it is to be able to operate this control quickly when needed. For each of the listed controls, Korean drivers and American drivers evaluated preferred locations according to the frequency of use and the need for quick operation by subjective ratings in 9-point scales. Among 8 predefined zones inside a vehicle, Korean drivers and American drivers were asked to select at least one choice for locating each of the controls. 8 zones inside vehicle defined for this survey were door trim, center fascia and so on. 30 Korean drivers with driving experiences of 9 years on the average and 30 American drivers with driving experiences of 21 years on the average participated in the survey as subjects. The survey suggests that there exist certain perceptual differences between Korean and American drivers regarding the frequency of use and the need for quick operation. Also, there are differences in determining preferred locations for various in-vehicle controls. The results also indicated that Korean drivers are different from American drivers such as culture patterns, mental propensity, a way of thinking in subjective preference. Therefore, various in-vehicle controls must be properly researched before the design is determined the location of.

Achieving One-Electron Oxidation of a Mononuclear Nonheme Iron(V)-Imido Complex

Hong, Seungwoo,Lu, Xiaoyan,Lee, Yong-Min,Seo, Mi Sook,Ohta, Takehiro,Ogura, Takashi,Clé,mancey, Martin,Maldivi, Pascale,Latour, Jean-Marc,Sarangi, Ritimukta,Nam, Wonwoo American Chemical Society 2017 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.139 No.41

<P>A mononuclear nonheme iron(V)-imido complex bearing a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (TAML), [Fe<SUP>V</SUP>(NTs)(TAML)]<SUP>−</SUP> (<B>1</B>), was oxidized by one-electron oxidants, affording formation of an iron(V)-imido TAML cation radical species, [Fe<SUP>V</SUP>(NTs)(TAML<SUP>+•</SUP>)] (<B>2</B>); <B>2</B> is a diamagnetic (<I>S</I> = 0) complex, resulting from the antiferromagnetic coupling of the low-spin iron(V) ion (<I>S</I> = 1/2) with the one-electron oxidized ligand (TAML<SUP>+•</SUP>). <B>2</B> is a competent oxidant in C–H bond functionalization and nitrene transfer reaction, showing that the reactivity of <B>2</B> is greater than that of <B>1</B>.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2017/jacsat.2017.139.issue-41/jacs.7b08161/production/images/medium/ja-2017-081612_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja7b08161'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Model-Based Gain Scheduling Strategy for an Internal Model Control-Based Boost Pressure Controller in Variable Geometric Turbocharger System of Diesel Engines

Hong, Seungwoo,Park, Inseok,Sunwoo, Myoungho ASME International 2016 Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Contro Vol.138 No.3

Electric power generation strategy based on model predictive control for conventional internal combustion engine vehicles

Seungwoo Hong,Inseok Park,Jeongwon Sohn,Yeongseop Park,Kangyoon Lee,Myoungho Sunwoo 한국자동차공학회 2010 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2010 No.11

With the increasing demand for fuel efficient vehicles, an electric power generation strategy is required in order to generate electric energy efficiently in conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. The electric power generation strategy is available with a voltage controlled alternator, and it determines the amount of the generated electric energy. In this paper, the power generation strategy for ICE vehicles is proposed with the model predictive control (MPC) method in order to improve fuel efficiency of vehicles. The proposed MPC based approach is composed of two parts: prediction of battery states and optimization of the electric power generation. In the first part, the battery state of charge (SOC) is predicted with the powertrain model. Based on this predicted information, the optimal trajectory of the alternator command input is obtained by using the quadratic programming (QP) optimization method. The proposed algorithm is validated through simulation and compared with other conventional strategies used in commercial software. It is proven that the MPC based electric power generation strategy can improve the fuel efficiency.

ADAPTATION STRATEGY FOR EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION AND COMMON RAIL PRESSURE TO IMPROVE TRANSIENT TORQUE RESPONSE IN DIESEL ENGINES

Seungwoo Hong,Donghyuk Jung,선우명호 한국자동차공학회 2018 International journal of automotive technology Vol.19 No.4

Fuel injection limitation algorithms are widely used to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions under transient states in diesel engines. However, the limited injection quantity leads to a decrease in the engine torque response under transient states. To overcome this issue, this study proposes an adaptation strategy for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and common rail pressure combined with a fuel injection limitation algorithm. The proposed control algorithm consists of three parts: fuel injection limitation, EGR adaptation, and rail pressure adaptation. The fuel injection quantity is limited by adjusting the exhaust burned gas rate, which is predicted based on various intake air states like air mass flow and EGR mass flow. The control algorithm for EGR and rail pressure was designed to manipulate the set-points of the EGR and rail pressure when the fuel injection limitation is activated. The EGR controller decreases the EGR gas flow rate to rapidly supply fresh air under transient states. The rail pressure controller increases the rail pressure set-point to generate a well-mixed air-fuel mixture, resulting in an enhancement in engine torque under transient states. The proposed adaptation strategy was validated through engine experiments. These experiments showed that PM emissions were reduced by up to 11.2 %, and the engine torque was enhanced by 5.4 % under transient states compared to the injection limitation strategy without adaptation.

A mononuclear nonheme {FeNO} ⁶ complex: synthesis and structural and spectroscopic characterization

Hong, Seungwoo,Yan, James J.,Karmalkar, Deepika G.,Sutherlin, Kyle D.,Kim, Jin,Lee, Yong-Min,Goo, Yire,Mascharak, Pradip K.,Hedman, Britt,Hodgson, Keith O.,Karlin, Kenneth D.,Solomon, Edward I.,Nam, W Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Chemical science Vol.9 No.34

<▼1><P>X-ray structures of nonheme {FeNO}<SUP>6</SUP> and iron(<SMALL>III</SMALL>)-nitrito complexes bearing a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand are reported along with three different generation pathways.</P></▼1><▼2><P>While the synthesis and characterization of {FeNO}<SUP>7,8,9</SUP> complexes have been well documented in heme and nonheme iron models, {FeNO}<SUP>6</SUP> complexes have been less clearly understood. Herein, we report the synthesis and structural and spectroscopic characterization of mononuclear nonheme {FeNO}<SUP>6</SUP> and iron(<SMALL>III</SMALL>)–nitrito complexes bearing a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (TAML), such as [(TAML)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>(NO)]<SUP>–</SUP> and [(TAML)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>(NO<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUP>2–</SUP>, respectively. First, direct addition of NO<SUB>(g)</SUB> to [Fe<SUP>III</SUP>(TAML)]<SUP>–</SUP> results in the formation of [(TAML)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>(NO)]<SUP>–</SUP>, which is sensitive to moisture and air. The spectroscopic data of [(TAML)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>(NO)]<SUP>–</SUP>, such as <SUP>1</SUP>H nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray absorption spectroscopies, combined with computational study suggest the neutral nature of nitric oxide with a diamagnetic Fe center (<I>S</I> = 0). We also provide alternative pathways for the generation of [(TAML)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>(NO)]<SUP>–</SUP>, such as the iron–nitrite reduction triggered by protonation in the presence of ferrocene, which acts as an electron donor, and the photochemical iron–nitrite reduction. To the best of our knowledge, the present study reports the first photochemical nitrite reduction in nonheme iron models.</P></▼2>

Experimental Transverse Beam Emittance Measurement Using Solenoid Magnet Strength Variation in AB-BNCT

Hong Bong-Hwan,Cho Ilsung,Min Sun-Hong,Park Seungwoo,Kim Minho,Jung Hyunwoo,박차원 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.12

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a more efficient cancer treatment method compared to direct radiation therapy using charged particles such as protons or carbon beams. Particularly, accelerator-based BNCT (AB-BNCT) is attracting attention due to easy construction in a hospital. The Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences (KIRAMS) has constructed an injection system for an electrostatic AB-BNCT accelerator and commissioned 30 keV H- and 5 keV D- ion beam facilities. The beam characteristic parameters and Twiss parameters should be confirmed experimentally, and various methods have to be applied for the related measurements. In this study, the linear matrix formalism is used as a technique to measure the beam characteristic and Twiss parameters by varying the magnetic field strength of a solenoid in the beam line. To confirm the validity of this method, a multi-particle tracking code was executed. The simulation results confirm that the proposed method is effective for extracting Twiss parameters. After verification via the multi-particle tracking code, the method was applied to perform experimental measurements. Notably, the method accurately obtains the transverse beam emittance within reasonable uncertainty levels. Thus, our results show that the proposed method is a convenient technique for extracting the Twiss parameters indirectly. The results of the Twiss parameter measurement can potentially be more precise if other aspects, such as the quadrupole magnetic field strength, are incorporated.

Tapia Syndrome after Cervical Laminoplasty: A Case Report and Literature Review

Hong Seungwoo,Kim Keung Nyun,Yi Seong 대한말초신경학회 2021 The Nerve Vol.7 No.2

We present a case report of very rare and unfamiliar disease named Tapia syndrome characterized by concomitant unilateral paralysis of the 10th and 12th cranial nerves. Symptoms include dysphonia, dysphagia, tongue deviation toward affected side. The syndrome occurs after orotracheal intubation. A case report of the patient; A 48-year-old Asian man, presented with both arm numbness and gait disturbance for 1 year. We planned laminoplasty of cervical 4, 5, 6, and 7. After the operation, he complained of hoarseness and difficulty in swelling. On his physical examinations, uvula and tongue deviation to right is detected. At 8 months after the surgery, his clinical symptoms and chief compliant about surgery had disappeared. The mechanism of the disease is unclear. Though the progress of the disease is benign, further evaluation to rule out other desperate disease like cerebral infarction is evitable.

Highly Reactive Nonheme Iron(III) Iodosylarene Complexes in Alkane Hydroxylation and Sulfoxidation Reactions

Hong, Seungwoo,Wang, Bin,Seo, Mi Sook,Lee, Yong‐,Min,Kim, Myoung Jin,Kim, Hyung Rok,Ogura, Takashi,Garcia‐,Serres, Ricardo,Clé,mancey, Martin,Latour, Jean‐,Marc,Nam, Wonwoo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2014 Angewandte Chemie Vol.126 No.25

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>High‐spin iron(III) iodosylarene complexes bearing an N‐methylated cyclam ligand are synthesized and characterized using various spectroscopic methods. The nonheme high‐spin iron(III) iodosylarene intermediates are highly reactive oxidants capable of activating strong CH bonds of alkanes; the reactivity of the iron(III) iodosylarene intermediates is much greater than that of the corresponding iron(IV) oxo complex. The electrophilic character of the iron(III) iodosylarene complexes is demonstrated in sulfoxidation reactions.</P>

Ligand Topology Effect on the Reactivity of a Mononuclear Nonheme Iron(IV)-Oxo Complex in Oxygenation Reactions

Hong, Seungwoo,Lee, Yong-Min,Cho, Kyung-Bin,Sundaravel, Karuppasamy,Cho, Jaeheung,Kim, Myoung Jin,Shin, Woonsup,Nam, Wonwoo American Chemical Society 2011 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.133 No.31

<P>Mononuclear nonheme iron(IV)-oxo complexes with two different topologies, <I>cis</I>-α-[Fe<SUP>IV</SUP>(O)(BQCN)]<SUP>2+</SUP> and <I>cis</I>-β-[Fe<SUP>IV</SUP>(O)(BQCN)]<SUP>2+</SUP>, were synthesized and characterized with various spectroscopic methods. The effect of ligand topology on the reactivities of nonheme iron(IV)-oxo complexes was investigated in C–H bond activation and oxygen atom-transfer reactions; <I>cis</I>-α-[Fe<SUP>IV</SUP>(O)(BQCN)]<SUP>2+</SUP> was more reactive than <I>cis</I>-β-[Fe<SUP>IV</SUP>(O)(BQCN)]<SUP>2+</SUP> in the oxidation reactions. The reactivity difference between the <I>cis</I>-α and <I>cis</I>-β isomers of [Fe<SUP>IV</SUP>(O)(BQCN)]<SUP>2+</SUP> was rationalized with the Fe<SUP>IV/III</SUP> redox potentials of the iron(IV)-oxo complexes: the Fe<SUP>IV/III</SUP> redox potential of the <I>cis</I>-α isomer was 0.11 V higher than that of the <I>cis</I>-β isomer.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2011/jacsat.2011.133.issue-31/ja204008u/production/images/medium/ja-2011-04008u_0004.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja204008u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja204008u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja204008u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja204008u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>