韓國에서의 臨床藥學展望

Sands, Charles D. 한국병원약사회 1987 병원약사회지 Vol.4 No.2

Ⅰ. Historical Development and Definition ; A number of factors have spurred the development of clinical pharmacy. These include : (1) disregard of public needs by the health care system, (2) the absence of a single group with responsibility for drug use control, (3) overeducated and under-utilized pharmacists, (4) diminished demand for compounding of drugs, and (5) inadequate drug knowledge by health professionals and patients. Clinical pharmacy can be defined as a health science speciality whose responsibility is to assure the safe and appropriate use of drugs in patients through the application of specialized knowledge and functions in patient care. Ⅱ. Functions and Services of Clinical Pharmacy ; The scope of pharmacy includes drug development, drug control and drug use. Clinical pharmacy deals primarily with drug use and involves providing drug information, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic specialization and patient specific managment/consultation. Ⅲ. Development of Clinical Pharmacy in Korea ; In my opinion, the initial stimulation for the development of Clinical Pharmacy in Korea began with the efforts of Dr. Yun Sung Chough of the College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University. Ⅳ. Problems and Challenges for the Future ; In promoting the continued growth of clinical pharmacy in Korea, there are many obstacles to overcome. Probably the greatest challenge lies in the area of the promotion of the concept of rational drug therapy. There is much that is not rational about drug therapy in Korea. and it will take the combined efforts of all health care professionals to overcome this problem. Pharmacists must play a leading role in this effort. V. The Future of Clinical Pharmacy in Korea ; In my opinion, the future of clinical pharmacy in Korea is very bright. Korea has the opportunity to become one of the leading countries where clinical pharmacy is practiced. Clinical pharmacy services should and can be provided in all hospital and community pharmacies in Korea. To accomplish this, it will take much effort and sacrifice on the part of all pharmacists but the rewards to the profession and to the patient will be great.

Performing in the “Cultural Borderlands”: Gender, Trauma, and Performance Practices of a North Korean Women’s Musical Troupe in South Korea

Iain Sands 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2018 Cross-Currents Vol.0 No.29

North Korean women encounter traumatic experiences escaping from North Korea. Upon arriving in South Korea, despite being officially welcomed as co-ethnics, many North Korean migrants find that their hopes for a better life are not realized. On the one hand, women arriving from the North are ethnic Koreans and speak the same language as South Koreans. On the other hand, they are in a territory whose culture and society are entirely foreign to them. Against this background, women from North Korea experience considerable trauma in South Korea as they struggle to negotiate new identities as gendered, liminal subjects in a cultural borderland. This article discusses a dance performance by an all-female performing arts troupe, P’yŏngyang Minsok Yesultan, to answer the following questions: How does the performance articulate traumatic and gendered migration experiences? To what extent might performance restore agency for North Korean trauma subjects? By closely engaging with North Korean women’s migration experiences and their performance practices in South Korea, the author shows that performance practices represent potentially empowering, affective sites that may open a space for restoration of North Korean women’s agency.

Special Lecture : Recent trends in HRT: tissue specific approach

( Robert H. Sands ) 대한산부인과학회 1999 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.83 No.-

한국소아 기관지 천식 환아에서 연령에 따른 Theophylline 의 대사에 관한 연구

(Charles D . Sands),이희정,조혜영,윤운기,오지섭,류환선,손기호 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회 1995 Supplement Vol.5 No.1

N/A

Clinical Application of Pharmacogenetics: What is the future?

Charles D. Sands 한국임상약학회 2004 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.1

浸禮病院에서의 臨床藥物動態學的 諮問業務의 現況과 Case Report 一例

朴姸珠,孫基鎬,Sands, Charles D. 한국병원약사회 1987 병원약사회지 Vol.4 No.1

A Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) program was begun at the Baptist Hospital in November, 1985. Since that time over 1,700 requests for serum drug concentration(SDC) determination, analysis, and interpretation have been received. This program is supervised by the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Committee, a sub-committee of the Drug Committee. Members of the committee include Dr. Kenneth Chang (clinical pathology), Dr. Soon Chul Hwang(internal medicine), Dr. Hong Bae Kim(pediatrice), Dr. Kwang Soeb Park(neurosurgery) and Dr. Charles Sands(pharmacy). Therapeutic Drug Monitoring(TDM) is an effective aid to clinicians in achieving optimal treatment with selected therapeutic agents. A serum drug determination, collected at the proper time and interpreted in the proper pharmacokinetic and clinical context, is a major step toward individualizing dosages for many drugs. Many factors must be considered when interpreting serum drug concentrations, since each patient has specific characteristics(e.g., genotype, coexisting disease, concomitant drug therapy, etc.) that may affect drug levels. The relationship between drug dosage and resulting concentrations in serum will also be influenced by such factors as the bioavailability of the dosage form used, patient body size, distribution through fluid compartments, and individual metabolic and excretion rates.

Evaluating the Necessity of Routine Monitoring of Netilmicin Serum Concentrations in Korean Pediatric Patients with Normal Renal Fuction

Choi, Yun Ji,Lee, Dong Il,Kim, Hong Bae,Park, Yun JU,Charles D., Sands 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

목적:정상 신기능을 가진 소아 환자에서의 아미노글리코사이드의 추천된 유지용량을 사용했을 때 정기적인 혈중농도의 검사 없이 신독성을 나타내지 않으면서 임상증상의 호전이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 국내 소아 환자에서도 아미노글리코사이드 사용으로 혈청 크레아티닌이 임상적으로 의미 있게 증가하는지 용량 조절 없이 약물 최고와 최하 농도에 도달하는지 감염에 대한 증상과 검사 결과의 호전이 있는지 알기 위해 netilmicin을 사용한 환자를 대상으로 본 연구를 하게 되었다. 방법:3개월에서 14세 사이 연령의 16명의 환자에서 2mg/kg/dose의 netilmicin을 8시간 간격으로 정맥주사 하여 치료시작 24∼32시간내에 약물 최고농도는 주사 30분 후에, 최저농도는 다음 주사 직전에 채취아였다. 혈청 크레아티닌은 치료 시작과 종료시 측정하였으며 약물 혈중농도의 측정은 TDX system으로 하였고 이 결과의 pharmacokinetic parameter는 Simkin PC Clinical Database System으로 계산하였다. 환자의 임상 호전의 결과를 보기 위하여 백혈구 수치와 체온은 치료 72시간 후에 구해졌다. 통계 분석은 paired t-test를 사용하여 시행되었다. 결과:16명의 환자에서 평균연령 3.5±3.2세, 평균체중 15.2±8.5 kg이며, 백혈구 수치는 초기 14.9±6.6×103/mm3, 치료 72시간 후 6.6±1.gx103/mm3, 펑균 체온은 37.7±1℃에서 36.3±0.4℃로 떨어졌다. 투약된 환자 평균약물용량은 2.06±0.4이며 펑균 치료 기간은 7.6±2.3일이고 약물의 최고 혈중 농도는 5.5±1.7 mg/mL, 최저농도는 0.5±0.3 mg/mL 펑균 혈청 크레아티닌은 치료 초기는 0.52±0.19 mg/dL, 치료 종료시 0.46±0.11 mg/dL (P=0.209)였다. 약물 최저농도는 2 mcg/mL 이상 없었으며 혈청 크레아티닌은 0.5 mg/dL (P=0.201)로 증가하지 않았다. 결론:본원 소아 환자에서 Netilmicin의 약물농도 검사결과, 백혈구 수치와 체온의 감소로 임상 증상의 호전을 볼 수 있었다. 혈청 크레아티닌의 변화가 없어 치료 시작에서 끝까지 약물 용량을 조절할 필요가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 정상적인 신기능을 가진 한국 소아 환자에서 아미노글리코사이드의 정기적인 약물 농도 검사가 필요하지 않음을 알 수 있다. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:285∼291, 2001)

活性炭 數回 經口投與에 의한 Theophylline의 藥物動態에 미치는 影響

孫基鎬,Sands, Charles D.,Jones, Daniel,Robinson, J. Daniel 한국병원약사회 1987 병원약사회지 Vol.4 No.2

The effect of multiple dose oral activated charcoal on theophylline pharmacokinetics was studied in five healthy, non-smoking, Caucasian adults in a randomized crossover clinical trial. Following an intravenous infusion of aminophylline(6 ㎎/㎏) subjects received either ⑴ activated charcoal 140gm in divided dosed over 12 hours(treatment group) or ⑵ water (control group). Serum theophylline concentrations were measured from 0 to 24 hours after the aminophylline infusion. Pharmacokinetic parameters were derived by fitting data points to a two compartment model using a non-linear least squares regression computer program. Treatment with activated charcoal decreased serum theophylline 1/2 from 10.3 to 5.6 hours and the serum AUC from 189.2 to 94.5mcg/㎖·hr, and increased total body clearance of theophylline from 0.590 to 1.099㎖/min/㎏. These results confirm previous reports that multiple dose activated charcoal increased the total body clearance of theophylline in healthy subject, and suggests that this treatment may prove be efficacious in the treatment of theophylline poisoning. Especially in areas where hemodialysis and hemoperfusion are not available.

Effect of Dupilumab on Sleep Apnea Severity in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis

김상욱,Sands Scott A.,Vena Daniel,Hess Lauren B.,Calianese Nicole A.,Konefal Robert James,Taranto-Montemurro Luigi,Azarbarzin Ali,Czeisler Charles A.,Laidlaw Tanya M.,Wellman Andrew 대한수면학회 2023 sleep medicine research Vol.14 No.2

Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) report improved sleep quality after dupilumab, an anti IL4/13 therapy. Concurrent CRS and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) cases are not rare, and CRS seemingly raises nasal resistance. Thus, we hypothesized that improved sleep quality by dupilumab therapy in CRS patients might be due to lowered nasal resistance and subsequent improvement of unrecognized comorbid OSA. Patients with concurrent CRS and OSA were recruited. Nasal resistance was measured invasively with transnasal pressure and flow data collected during normal respiration in the supine position. Results from the first five participants did not support our hypothesis. Subjective and objective measures for CRS and nasal resistance values were improved with dupilumab therapy in CRS patients with nasal polyps. However, apnea severity and sleep-related subjective parameters did not change. In the patients with CRS without nasal polyps, no significant changes in either CRS or OSA-related measures were observed.

The Total Nutrient Additive (TNA) System

류환선,Sands, Charles D.,변순옥 한국병원약사회 1990 병원약사회지 Vol.7 No.1