Association between Obesity and Bone Mineral Density by Gender and Menopausal Status

Mohammad Reza Salamat,Amir Hossein Salamat,Mohsen Janghorbani 대한내분비학회 2016 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.31 No.4

Background: We investigated whether there were gender differences in the effect of obesity on bone mineral density (BMD) basedon menopausal status. Methods: We assessed 5,892 consecutive patients 20 to 91 years old who were referred for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) scans. All subjects underwent a standard BMD scan of the hip (total hip and femoral neck) and lumbar spine (L1 to L4) usinga DXA scan and body size assessment. Body mass index was used to categorize the subjects as normal weight, overweight, andobese. Results: BMD was higher in obese and overweight versus normal weight men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. Compared to men ≥50 years and postmenopausal women with normal weight, the age-adjusted odds ratio of osteopenia was0.19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07 to 0.56) and 0.38 (95% CI, 0.29 to 0.51) for obese men ≥50 years and postmenopausalwomen. Corresponding summaries for osteoporosis were 0.26 (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.64) and 0.15 (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.20), respectively. Compared to men <50 years and premenopausal women with normal weight, the age-adjusted odds ratio of low bone mass was 0.22(95% CI, 0.11 to 0.45) and 0.16 (95% CI, 0.10 to 0.26) for obese men <50 years and premenopausal women, respectively. Conclusion: Obesity is associated with BMD of the hip and lumbar spine and overweight and obese individuals have similar degreesof osteoporosis. This result was not significantly different based on gender and menopausal status, which could be an importantissue for further investigation.

Accurate buckling analysis of rectangular thin plates by double finite sine integral transform method

Salamat Ullah,Jinghui Zhang,Yang Zhong 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.72 No.4

This paper explores the analytical buckling solution of rectangular thin plates by the finite integral transform method. Although several analytical and numerical developments have been made, a benchmark analytical solution is still very few due to the mathematical complexity of solving high order partial differential equations. In solution procedure, the governing high order partial differential equation with specified boundary conditions is converted into a system of linear algebraic equations and the analytical solution is obtained classically. The primary advantage of the present method is its simplicity and generality and does not need to pre-determine the deflection function which makes the solving procedure much reasonable. Another advantage of the method is that the analytical solutions obtained converge rapidly due to utilization of the sum functions. The application of the method is extensive and can also handle moderately thick and thick elastic plates as well as bending and vibration problems. The present results are validated by extensive numerical comparison with the FEA using (ABAQUS) software and the existing analytical solutions which show satisfactory agreement.

Temporal Variations of Dietary Habits in a High-Risk Area for Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers: a Population-Based Study from Northern Iran

Salamat, Faezeh,Semnani, Shahryar,Aboomardani, Maryam,Roshandel, Gholamreza Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

Background: Nutrition transition is a global health problem, especially in developing countries. It is known as an important factor for development of different types of health conditions including cancers. Objectives: We aimed to assess the pattern of nutrition transition in a high-risk area for upper gastrointestinal cancers in Northern Iran during the last decade. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on households of Golestan province, Iran. Data on household food consumption between 2001 and 2010 were obtained from the Statistical Center of Iran. The proportions of households with medium/high consumption of main foods were calculated for each year. Joint point software was used for assessing trends. Annual percent changes (APCs) and 95%CIs were calculated. Results: In total, 12,060 households were recruited. The APCs (95%CI) of the proportion of households medium/high consumption of cereals, vegetables, legumes, fish, dairy products and meats were -3.1 (-4.1 to -2.2), -2.9 (-3.8 to -2.1), -2.3 (-3.2 to -1.4), -2.8 (-3.3 to -2.4), -1.9 (-3.0 to -0.9) and 2.7 (1.2 to 4.3), respectively. Conclusions: We found significant increase in meat consumption among our population between 2001 and 2010. Our results also suggested significant decreasing trend in consumption of so-called healthy foods including, plant foods, fish, and dairy products. Regarding its correlation with health conditions including cancers, nutrition transition should be considered as a priority in health policy making in our region as well as other high-risk populations. It is recommended to conduct community level interventions to increase consumption of plant foods, fish, and dairy products.

Development of Growing House Control System Using Wireless Sensor Network

( Elaiza Nicole Salamat ) 한국농공학회 2020 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2020 No.-

Advancement of technology has led to the improvement of agricultural practices which results in the increase of agricultural production and aids in solving the global food shortage. Mushroom is one of the most popular cultivated agricultural products nowadays as its demand has been increasing due to population growth, market expansions, changing of consumer behavior. Its nutritional values and other health benefits are the main reason why mushroom has been popularizing. In this study, the intensive cultivation of mushroom will be automated by designing a microcontroller based system which will facilitate the constant conditioning inside the mushroom growing houses, especially during the fruiting stage. The system consists of two stations: sensors and actuators station and remote monitoring station. The sensors and actuators are placed in a structured model and they are controlled by the Arduino Mega boards. The arduino boards are programmed to enable reading of data from the sensors. Temperature, humidity and substrate moisture are controlled according to the desired conditions. The whole system is monitored and controlled through transmission of data recorded to the remote monitoring station using wireless sensor network (WSN).

Development of Growing House Control System using Wireless Sensor Network

Elaiza Nicole Salamat,Jaehyun Yoo 제어로봇시스템학회 2020 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

Adjustable Drawing Table and T-Square Rack with Lock

Reynaldo G. Salamat,Allen N. Maroma ASCONS 2020 IJASC Vol.2 No.1

Background/Objectives: The focus of this paper is to develop an Adjustable Drawing Table and T-square Rack with Lock that can secure the t-squares, triangles and other drawing materials that draftsman, architects, and engineers used in making plates and plans. Methods/Statistical analysis: The rack’s structure consists of 40 sets of bended plain sheet panels. The first 20 panels have a length of 0.80m while the remaining 20 has a length of 0.50m. All panels have the same width which is 0.20m. It has a frame with length of 2.30m. The T-square rack can be converted into a table. The table is made up of ply board with a thickness of ¾ and 1.10x0.78m in size. There are two tables located behind the rack. Findings: It has two drawers that can accommodate 40 pcs. triangle. It has a wing nut that serves as a lock when rotating the table at different angle. Improvements/Applications: A removable table top when it is not needed and detachable second rack from its main rack.

Analysis of orthotropic plates by the two-dimensional generalized FIT method

Jinghui Zhang,Salamat Ullah,Yuanyuan Gao,Mehmet Avcar,Ömer Civalek 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2020 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.26 No.5

In this study, the two-dimensional generalized finite integral transform(FIT) approach was extended for new accurate thermal buckling analysis of fully clamped orthotropic thin plates. Clamped-clamped beam functions, which can automatically satisfy boundary conditions of the plate and orthogonality as an integral kernel to construct generalized integral transform pairs, are adopted. Through performing the transformation, the governing thermal buckling equation can be directly changed into solving linear algebraic equations, which reduces the complexity of the encountered mathematical problems and provides a more efficient solution. The obtained analytical thermal buckling solutions, including critical temperatures and mode shapes, match well with the finite element method (FEM) results, which verifies the precision and validity of the employed approach.

The Impact of Social Capital on Consumer Attitudinal Evaluations: An Empirical Study in Pakistan

Zhengmeng CHAI,Muhammad MALIK,Salamat HUSSAIN,Sher ABBAS,Najabat ALI,Zaheer ABBAS,Nousheen MUNAWAR 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3

The primary goal of this study is to investigate the impact of social capital on consumer attitudinal evaluations. We propose a hypothetical receptacle, thereby applying a mediation framework because of social capital. We expect that increasing social capital would improve brand image and consumer-company (C-C) identification, resulting in positive in-role and extra-role customer behavior toward the brand. Data was collected from 425 respondents primarily from Karachi’s five zones (East, West, North, South, and Central) and analyzed using confirmatory component analysis and structural equation design. The findings showed that social capital had a positive and significant relationship with customer extra-role behavior, as well as two mediators, brand image and consumer business identity. Furthermore, both mediators have a significant impact on both in-role and extra-role behavior. However, there is no evidence that social capital has a direct impact on in-role behavior. This study will help businesses in gaining a competitive advantage by concentrating on social capital to improve their brand image and customer relationship.

Free vibration analysis of thin rectangular plates with two adjacent edges rotationally-restrained and the others free using finite Fourier integral transform method

Jinghui Zhang,Jiale Lu,Salamat Ullah,Yuanyuan Gao,Dahai Zhao,Arshad Jamal,Ömer Civalek 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.80 No.4

For the first time, the finite Fourier integral transform approach is extended to analytically solve the free vibration problem of rectangular thin plates with two adjacent edges rotationally-restrained and others free. Based on the fundamental transform theory, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) of the plate is converted to ordinary linear algebraic simultaneous equations without assuming trial function for deflection, which reduces the mathematical complexity caused by both the free corner and rotationally-restrained edges. By coupling with mathematical manipulation, the analytical solutions are elegantly achieved in a straightforward procedure. In addition, the vibration characteristics of plates under classical boundary conditions are also studied by choosing different rotating fixed coefficients. Finally, more than 400 comprehensive analytical solutions were well validated by finite element method (FEM) results, which can be served as reference data for further studies. The advantages of the present method are that it does not need to preselect the deformation function, and it has general applicability to various boundary conditions. The presented approach is promising to be further extended to solve the static and dynamic problems of moderately thick plates and thick plates.

Utility of the Visceral Adiposity Index and Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype for Predicting Incident Hypertension

Mohsen Janghorbani,Mohammad Reza Salamat,Ashraf Aminorroaya,Masoud Amini 대한내분비학회 2017 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.32 No.2

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype as possible hypertension (HTN) predictors in a high-risk population without diabetes and HTN. Methods: Incident HTN over a 7-year follow-up was assessed among 1,375 first-degree non-diabetic and non-hypertensive relatives of consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes who were 30 to 70 years of age. HTN was defined as a blood pressure reading ≥140/90 mm Hg or the use of antihypertensive medications. We examined the incidence of HTN across VAI quintiles and four groups defined according to baseline fasting serum triglyceride (TG) levels and waist circumference (WC). Results: The VAI and the HTGW phenotype at baseline were related to an increased risk for HTN. In comparison with the lowest VAI quintile, the highest VAI quintile showed a significant associated with HTN in an age- and gender-adjusted model (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 2.55). Those with HTGW were 2.3 times (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.54 to 3.35) more likely to develop HTN than those with a normal WC and normal TG levels. Conclusion: Greater VAI values weakly predicted HTN, whereas the HTGW phenotype was a stronger predictor of incident HTN in an Iranian high-risk population.