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EUROPE 1992 AND THE LIBERALIZATION OF DIRECT INVESTMENT FLOWS : SERVICES VERSUS MANUFATURING
RIVERA-BATIZ, FRANCISCO L.,RIVERA-BATIZ, LUIS A. 한국국제경제학회 1992 International Economic Journal Vol.6 No.1
The European intergration of 1992 offers to open-up the service sector of EC countries to substantial investment flows from other member nations. This paper studies how the elimination of restrictions ofn the flow of foreign capital into services affects the economic welfare of a recipient economy. A model of increasing returns due to specialization is developed in which capital is sector-specific; this model is used to examine the diffential impact of foreign capital inflows into the service and manufacturing sectors. It is shown that direct foreign investment in the service sector has positive effects on national welfare that investment in manufacturing may lack.
Tunneling the size of iron oxide NPs using different alcohols and proportions water-alcohol
Rivera, F.L.,Sanchez-Marcos, J.,Menendez, N.,Herrasti, P.,Mazario, E. Techno-Press 2020 Advances in nano research Vol.8 No.2
In this work the properties of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) synthesized by electrochemical method using different water-alcohol proportions and alcohols have been investigated. The syntheses were carried out using 99% iron foils acting electrodes in a 0.04 M NaCl solutions at room temperature applying 22 mAcm<sup>-2</sup> on the working electrode, mostly obtaining magnetite nanoparticles. The impact of the electrolyte in the size of the synthesized MNPs has been evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), chronopotentiometric studies, and magnetic characterization. The results have shown that nanoparticles can be obtained in the range of 6 to 26 nm depending on the type of alcohol and the proportions in the mixture of water-alcohol. The same trend has been observed for all alcohols. As the proportion of these in the medium increases, the nanoparticles obtained are smaller in size. This trend is maintained until a certain proportion of alcohol: 50% for methanol, and 60% for the rest of alcohols, proportions where obtaining a single phase of magnetite is not favored.
From Arithmetic to Algebra: Smoothing the Transition
( Rivera Torres ),( Adrian Andres ) 한국수학교육학회 2014 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2014 No.1
Education in Arithmetic and Geometry is strong because those topics are considered “second nature”, so they are easily associated to real-life problems and the intuition behind their properties is easier to teach. Education in Algebra suffers because it lacks that, so the idea of this presentation is to turn it into “second nature” as well. By combining arithmetic and geometry with topics such as proportionality and the basics of modeling, it will not only improve problem-solving skills among students, but will lead to a better education in Algebra and the many topics that depend on it.
M. Riveras,E. Ravera,A. F. Shaheen,D. Ewins,P. Catalfamo-Formento 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.2
This study aimed at evaluating spatiotemporal parameters (STP) and symmetry index (SI), commonly used for evaluating amputee gait for routine clinical use, in individuals with unilateral transtibial amputations wearing energy storage and return (ESAR) feet with fixed ankles, prosthetic feet with adaptive ankles (PFAA) and prosthetic feet with microcontrolled adaptive ankles (PFAA-MC) in ramp ascent and descent. Thirteen individuals with transtibial amputations walked up and down a ramp. The STPs were measured in the amputated and intact legs and the relationship between them was quantified using the SI. The results showed that the use of PFAA-MC decreases walking speed in ramp descent (P ≤ 0.018). However, this was the only parameter that showed a significant change. Hence, the differences in the amputees' gait pattern when using the above-mentioned prostheses may not be reflected by STP and their SI.
Nitrendipine, an antihypertensive alpha calcium channel blocker, is cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cells
Isabel Rivera,David M. Cauvi,Nelson Arispe,Antonio De Maio 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2019 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.15 No.4
Backgrounds: Alpha calcium channel blockers (CCB) are widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, including Nitrendipine (NTD). The anti-hypertension effect of NTD is related to binding and blocking the activity of the voltage-gated L-type calcium channels. These channels consist of four subunits (α1, α2/δ, γ and β subunits), localized in the plasma membrane. Methods: Cellular proliferation was determined by the XTT method and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of the α1c subunit (Cacna1c) of the voltage-gated L-type calcium channels was reduced by siRNA and assessed by quantitative RT-PCR. Results: NTD blocked the proliferation of murine neuroblastoma (N2a cells) and induced apoptosis in a concentration- dependent manner. A decrease in Cacna1c expression did not have a significant effect on NTD toxicity of N2a cells. Conclusion: NTD induced apoptosis on neuroblastoma cells, appears to be independent of the expression of the L-type calcium channel.