An effective approach to realize graphene based p-n junctions via adsorption of donor and acceptor molecules

Rezapour, M. Reza,Lee, Geunsik,Kim, Kwang S. Elsevier 2019 Carbon Vol.153 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Atomically thin two dimensional materials such as graphene offer excellent capabilities suitable for a number of low power versatile applications. Here, employing first principle calculations, we introduce a feasible approach to realize an efficient graphene based p-n junction (PNJ) which is composed of non-covalently physisorbed tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) molecules onto an armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR). We show that compared to conventional graphene based p-n systems, our suggested PNJ exhibits low threshold voltage ( <SUB> V t h </SUB> ), large current-voltage ratio, and almost no sensitivity to conformational variations. Using a simple model, we also provide a theoretical background to explain the rectifying behavior of the suggested PNJ and show that tuning the distance between p and n doped regions modifies the current-voltage ratio. Our study indicates that the perfect diode behavior along with stability under various practical conditions makes our proposed PNJ a promising building block to fabricate next generation graphene based nanosize transistors.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Graphene and Graphene Analogs toward Optical, Electronic, Spintronic, Green-Chemical, Energy-Material, Sensing, and Medical Applications

Rezapour, M. Reza,Myung, Chang Woo,Yun, Jeonghun,Ghassami, Amirreza,Li, Nannan,Yu, Seong Uk,Hajibabaei, Amir,Park, Youngsin,Kim, Kwang S. American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.29

<P>This spotlight discusses intriguing properties and diverse applications of graphene (Gr) and Gr analogs. Gr has brought us two-dimensional (2D) chemistry with its exotic 2D features of density of states. Yet, some of the 2D or 2D-like features can be seen on surfaces and at interfaces of bulk materials. The substrate on Gr and functionalization of Gr (including metal decoration, intercalation, doping, and hybridization) modify the unique 2D features of Gr. Despite abundant literature on physical properties and well-known applications of Gr, spotlight works based on the conceptual understanding of the 2D physical and chemical nature of Gr toward vast-ranging applications are hardly found. Here we focus on applications of Gr, based on conceptual understanding of 2D phenomena toward 2D chemistry. Thus, 2D features, defects, edges, and substrate effects of Gr are discussed first. Then, to pattern Gr electronic circuits, insight into differentiating conducting and nonconducting regions is introduced. By utilizing the unique ballistic electron transport properties and edge spin states of Gr, Gr nanoribbons (GNRs) are exploited for the design of ultrasensitive molecular sensing electronic devices (including molecular fingerprinting) and spintronic devices. The highly stable nature of Gr can be utilized for protection of corrosive metals, moisture-sensitive perovskite solar cells, and highly environment-susceptible topological insulators (TIs). Gr analogs have become new types of 2D materials having novel features such as half-metals, TIs, and nonlinear optical properties. The key insights into the functionalized Gr hybrid materials lead to the applications for not only energy storage and electrochemical catalysis, green chemistry, and electronic/spintronic devices but also biosensing and medical applications. All these topics are discussed here with the focus on conceptual understanding. Further possible applications of Gr, GNRs, and Gr analogs are also addressed in a section on outlook and future challenges.</P>

The impact of disease characteristics on multiple sclerosis patients’ quality of life

Aziz Rezapour,Abdollah Almasian Kia,Sahar Goodarzi,Mojtaba Hasoumi,Soraya Nouraei Motlagh,Sajad Vahedi 한국역학회 2017 Epidemiology and Health Vol.39 No.-

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and to investigate the effects of characteristics of MS such as disease course, severity, and relapses on patients’ QoL. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, in which 171 patients were enrolled. Health-related QoL was assessed using the Persian version of the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 questionnaire. To measure patients’ disability status, we used the Expanded Disability Status Scale. Other variables included in the study were disease course and relapses of the disease. RESULTS: The average scores for patients’ physical and mental QoL were 60.9±22.3 and 59.5±21.4, respectively. In a bivariate analysis, disease course, severity of the disease, and relapses were significantly associated with the physical and mental health composite scores. In a hierarchal regression analysis, disease course, severity of the disease, and relapses were responsible for 38 and 16% of the variance in physical and mental QoL, respectively. It was also observed that relapses were a strong predictor of both physical and mental QoL. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that disease characteristics significantly affected both dimensions of QoL. It is therefore suggest

Diverticular Disease: An Update on Pathogenesis and Management

Mona Rezapour,Saima Ali,Neil Stollman 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2018 Gut and Liver Vol.12 No.2

Diverticular disease is one of the most common conditions in the Western world and one of the most common findings identified at colonoscopy. Recently, there has been a significant paradigm shift in our understanding of diverticular disease and its management. The pathogenesis of diverticular disease is thought to be multifactorial and include both environmental and genetic factors in addition to the historically accepted etiology of dietary fiber deficiency. Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) is currently considered a type of chronic diverticulosis that is perhaps akin to irritable bowel syndrome. Mesalamine, rifaximin and probiotics may achieve symptomatic relief in some patients with SUDD, although their role(s) in preventing complications remain unclear. Antibiotic use for acute diverticulitis and elective prophylactic resection surgery are considered more individualized treatment modalities that take into account the clinical status, comorbidities and lifestyle of the patient. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of diverticular disease continues to evolve and is likely to be diverse and multifactorial. Paradigm shifts in several areas of the pathogenesis and management of diverticular disease are explored in this review.

Association between blood pressure and parameters related to sleep disorders in Tabari cohort population

Maryam Rezapour,Mahmood Moosazadeh,Amirhossein Hessami,Mohammad Khademloo,Seyed Hamzeh Hosseini 대한고혈압학회 2022 Clinical Hypertension Vol.28 No.-

Insomnia and other sleep disorders can cause an increase in blood pressure, thereby resulting in premature death. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between hypertension and parameters related to sleep disorders in Tabari cohort population.In this cross-sectional study, the data from the enrollment phase of the Tabari cohort study were adopted. Tabari cohort is a part of the PERSIAN (Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran) cohort study. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of 10,255 patients enrolled in the Tabari cohort, 2,281 patients (22.2%) had hypertension. According to the results of univariable logistic regression test, the odds ratio of high blood pressure in patients with insomnia and hypersomnia is 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.40) and 1.22 (95% CI, 1.01–1.47) times higher than normal sleep. This odds ratio was not significant after adjusting the effect of sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, area residence, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol variables with multivariable logistic regression. Frequency of routine hypnotic medication usage (14.6% vs. 5.7%, P < 0.001), involuntary napping (25.3% vs. 19%, P < 0.001), and leg restlessness during sleep (14.8% vs. 11.7%, P < 0.001) was higher in hypertensive individuals than in nonhypertensive cases. This study showed that sleep disorders prevalence are higher in hypertensive patients than nonhypertensive patients. Also, routine use of hypnotics was significantly higher medication in patients with hypertension compared to that in the nonhypertensive patients.

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity among Some Genotypes of Kentucky Bluegrass by RAPD Molecular Markers

Javad Rezapour Fard,Zabihollah Zamani,Mohamad Reza Fattahi Moghaddam,Mohsen Kafi 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.4

Genetic improvement of plants need a high genetic diversity and molecular markers offer a powerful tool for its assessment. Poa pratensis has extensive divergence in natural old turfs and pastures in temperate zones of Iran,being useful for breeding programs. In this research, RAPD markers were used to study the genetic diversity of 19turfgrass genotypes (including 16 genotypes of Poa pratensis along with one genotype from each of Lolium perenne,Cynodon dactylon and Festuca arundinacea species). After screening 100 random 10-mer RAPD primers, 17 primers were selected based on the clarity of their amplified fragments in PCR and the high reproducibility for scoring. From the 284 produced bands, 281 were polymorphic. Cluster analysis of RAPD data was performed using the UPGMA method based on Jaccard's similarity coefficients. Dendrogram at a similarity of 0.24 gave 5 main clusters. The correlation coefficient between the data matrix and the cophenetic matrix of cluster data was high (r = 0.99), indicating that the clustering dendrogram being highly fitted to similarity matrix. A relatively high genetic similarity was observed between some commercial cultivars and Iranian local genotypes. In addition, this research showed the high genetic diversity among studied genotypes as well as the high efficiency of RAPD markers for evaluation of genetic diversity among turfgrasses.

Immobilization of L-Lysine on Zeolite 4A as an Organic-Inorganic Composite Basic Catalyst for Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds under Mild Conditions

Zamani, Farzad,Rezapour, Mehdi,Kianpour, Sahar Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.8

Lysine (Lys) immobilized on zeolite 4A was prepared by a simple adsorption method. The physical and chemical properties of Lys/zeolite 4A were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis. The obtained organic-inorganic composite was effectively employed as a heterogeneous basic catalyst for synthesis of ${\alpha},{\beta}$-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. No by-product formation, high yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity with reusability of the catalyst are the salient features of the present catalyst.

Patterns of Health-related Quality of Life in Men Who Inject Drugs: A Survey in Southeast Iran

Nojomi Marzieh,Rezapour Maysam,Azar Neda Soleimanvandi,Darabi Mehdi,Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran 대한예방의학회 2024 예방의학회지 Vol.57 No.2

Objectives: Understanding patterns of quality of life in people who inject drugs (PWID) can help healthcare providers plan and manage their health problems in a more focused manner. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify patterns of health-related quality of life in PWID in southeast Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in southeast Iran on men who had injected drugs at least once during the last year. We used convenience sampling in 2 drop-in centers and venue-based sampling at 85 venues. Demographic characteristics, high-risk behaviors, and health-related quality of life were evaluated using the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Latent profile analysis was used to identify patterns of quality of life.Results: This study enrolled 398 PWID, who had a mean age of 34.1±11.4 years. About 47.9% reported a prison history in the last 10 years, 59.2% had injected drugs in the last month, and 31.6% had a history of sharing syringes. About 46.3% reported having 2 or more sexual partners in the last 6 months, and 14.7% had a history of sex with men. Out of the 5 EQ-5D-5L profiles, the fifth profile had the most people (36.6%). Most variations in quality of life were related to pain and discomfort.Conclusions: We showed that the pain and discomfort dimension of EQ-5D-5L had more variation in PWID. This finding will be useful for allocating appropriate interventions and resources to promote health-related quality of life in this population.

Socioeconomic Inequality in Malnutrition in Under-5 Children in Iran: Evidence From the Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey, 2010

Abdollah Almasian Kia,Aziz Rezapour,Ardeshir Khosravi,Vajiheh Afzali Abarghouei 대한예방의학회 2017 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.50 No.3

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the socioeconomic inequality in malnutrition in under-5 children in Iran in order to help policymakers reduce such inequality. Methods: Data on 8443 under-5 children were extracted from the Iran Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey. The wealth index was used as proxy for socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting, underweight, and wasting was calculated using the concentration index. The concentration index was calculated for the whole sample, as well as for subcategories defined in terms of categories such as area of residence (urban and rural) and the sex of children. Results: Stunting was observed to be more prevalent than underweight or wasting. The results of the concentration index at the national level, as well as in rural and urban areas and in terms of children’s sex, showed that inequality in stunting and underweight was statistically significant and that children in the lower quintiles were more malnourished. The wasting index was not sensitive to socioeconomic status, and its concentration index value was not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study showed that it can be misleading to assess the mean levels of malnutrition at the national level without knowledge of the distribution of malnutrition among socioeconomic groups. Significant socioeconomic inequalities in stunting and underweight were observed at the national level and in both urban and rural areas. Regarding the influence of nutrition on the health and economic well-being of preschool-aged children, it is necessary for the government to focus on taking targeted measures to reduce malnutrition and to focus on poorer groups within society who bear a greater burden of malnutrition.

Immobilization of L-Lysine on Zeolite 4A as an Organic-Inorganic Composite Basic Catalyst for Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds under Mild Conditions

Farzad Zamani,Mehdi Rezapour,Sahar Kianpour 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.8

Lysine (Lys) immobilized on zeolite 4A was prepared by a simple adsorption method. The physical and chemical properties of Lys/zeolite 4A were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, Brunauer- Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis. The obtained organic-inorganic composite was effectively employed as a heterogeneous basic catalyst for synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. No by-product formation, high yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity with reusability of the catalyst are the salient features of the present catalyst.