Clinical Implication of EGF A61G Polymorphism in the Risk of Non Small Cell Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients: A Case Control Study

Masroor, Mirza,Amit, Jain,Javid, Jamsheed,Mir, Rashid,Prasant, Y,Imtiyaz, A,Mariyam, Z,Mohan, Anant,Ray, PC,Saxena, Alpana Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: The epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays important roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) susceptibility and functional polymorphism in the EGF (+61A/G) gene has been linked to increased risk of NSCLC. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the EGF +61A/G polymorphism in risk of NSCLC adenocarcinoma (ADC) occurrence and survival in an Indian population. Materials and Methods: This casecontrol study included 100 histopathologically confirmed NSCLC (ADC) patients and 100 healthy controls. EGF (A61G) was genotyped by AS-PCR to elucidate putative associations with clinical outcomes. The association of the polymorphism with the survival of NSCLC patients was estimated by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: It was found that EGF 61AG heterozygous and GG homozygous genotype is significantly associated with increased risk of NSCLC (ADC) occurrence compared to AA genotype, [OR 2.61 (1.31-5.18) and 3.25 (1.31-8.06), RR 1.51(1.15-2.0) and 1.72 (1.08-2.73) and RD 23.2 (6.90-39.5) and 28.53(7.0-50.1) for heterozygous AG (p=0.005) and homozygous GG (p=0.009)]. Patients homozygous for the G allele exhibited a significantly poor overall survival. The median survival time for patients with EGF 61 AA, AG, and GG genotypes was 10.5, 7.4, and 7.1 months (p=0.02), respectively. NSCLC (ADC) patients with GG + AG exhibited 7.3 months median survival compared to the AA genotype (p=0.009). Conclusions: The present study revealed that the EGF A61G genotype may be a novel independent prognostic marker to identify patients at higher risk of occurrence and an unfavourable clinical outcome.

Functional characterization of the SIZ/PIAS-type SUMO E3 ligases, OsSIZ1 and OsSIZ2 in rice

PARK, HYEONG CHEOL,KIM, HUN,KOO, SUNG CHEOL,PARK, HEE JIN,CHEONG, MI SUN,HONG, HYEWON,BAEK, DONGWON,CHUNG, WOO SIK,KIM, DOH HOON,BRESSAN, RAY A.,LEE, SANG YEOL,BOHNERT, HANS J.,YUN, DAE-JIN Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Plant, cell and environment Vol.33 No.11

<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>Sumoylation is a post-translational regulatory process in diverse cellular processes in eukaryotes, involving conjugation/deconjugation of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins to other proteins thus modifying their function. The PIAS [protein inhibitor of activated signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)] and SAP (scaffold attachment factor A/B/acinus/PIAS)/MIZ (SIZ) proteins exhibit SUMO E3-ligase activity that facilitates the conjugation of SUMO proteins to target substrates. Here, we report the isolation and molecular characterization of <I>Oryza sativa</I> SIZ1 (OsSIZ1) and SIZ2 (OsSIZ2), rice homologs of <I>Arabidopsis</I> SIZ1. The rice SIZ proteins are localized to the nucleus and showed sumoylation activities in a tobacco system. Our analysis showed increased amounts of SUMO conjugates associated with environmental stresses such as high and low temperature, NaCl and abscisic acid (ABA) in rice plants. The expression of <I>OsSIZ1</I> and <I>OsSIZ2</I> in <I>siz1-2 Arabidopsis</I> plants partially complemented the morphological mutant phenotype and enhanced levels of SUMO conjugates under heat shock conditions. In addition, ABA-hypersensitivity of <I>siz1-2</I> seed germination was partially suppressed by <I>OsSIZ1</I> and <I>OsSIZ2.</I> The results suggest that rice SIZ1 and SIZ2 are able to functionally complement <I>Arabidopsis</I> SIZ1 in the SUMO conjugation pathway. Their effects on the <I>Arabidopsis</I> mutant suggest a function for these genes related to stress responses and stress adaptation.</P>

Direct growth of WO₃ nanostructures on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for high-performance flexible all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor

Shinde, Pragati A.,Seo, Youngho,Ray, Chaiti,Jun, Seong Chan Elsevier 2019 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.308 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The rational design and development of highly conductive hierarchical nanostructured materials are of great importance to improve the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Great efforts have been committed to the development of positive electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors (ASC). However, it is still necessary to develop better negative electrodes for practical applications. In present investigation, a multi-walled carbon nanotubes-tungsten trioxide (MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB>) hybrid nanostructure is prepared as a negative electrode for ASC. The MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> hybrid electrode is prepared using a simple two-step approach, which involves coating of MWCNTs on carbon cloth substrates followed by hydrothermal treatment to deposit WO<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods on the MWCNT-coated carbon cloth. The MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> hybrid electrode exhibits a maximum specific capacitance (areal capacitance) of 429.6 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> (1.55 F cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) and capacity retention of 94.3% after 5000 cycles, which are higher than the 155.6 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> (0.43 F cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) and 84.9% shown by pristine WO<SUB>3</SUB> in 1 M LiClO<SUB>4</SUB> electrolyte. A flexible all-solid-state ASC is self-assembled with MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> as a negative electrode, MnO<SUB>2</SUB> as a positive electrode, and PVA-LiClO<SUB>4</SUB> as a gel electrolyte. The MnO<SUB>2</SUB>//MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> ASC achieve specific capacitance of 145.6 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current of 2 mA and specific energy of 39.63 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a specific power of 546 W kg<SUP>−1</SUP>. Specifically, the ASC exhibits superior long-term cycling stability (77% over 10000 cycles) and excellent mechanical flexibility with less capacitance loss. These remarkable results demonstrate the potential of using MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> hybrid nanostructures for the fabrication of high-performance energy storage devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hexagonal WO<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods are uniformly grown on MWCNT coated carbon cloth. </LI> <LI> MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> hybrid exhibits high specific capacitance of 429.6 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 2 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. </LI> <LI> MWCNT-WO<SUB>3</SUB> hybrid maintains 94.3% initial capacitance over 5000 cycles. </LI> <LI> Flexible asymmetric supercapacitor shows high specific energy of 39.63 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P>

SIZ1-mediated sumoylation of ICE1 controls CBF3/DREB1A expression and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Miura, Kenji,Jin, Jing Bo,Lee, Jiyoung,Yoo, Chan Yul,Stirm, Vicki,Miura, Tomoko,Ashworth, Edward N,Bressan, Ray A,Yun, Dae-Jin,Hasegawa, Paul M Americ 2007 The Plant cell Vol.19 No.4

<P>SIZ1 is a SUMO E3 ligase that facilitates conjugation of SUMO to protein substrates. siz1-2 and siz1-3 T-DNA insertion alleles that caused freezing and chilling sensitivities were complemented genetically by expressing SIZ1, indicating that the SIZ1 is a controller of low temperature adaptation in plants. Cold-induced expression of CBF/DREB1, particularly of CBF3/DREB1A, and of the regulon genes was repressed by siz1. siz1 did not affect expression of ICE1, which encodes a MYC transcription factor that is a controller of CBF3/DREB1A. A K393R substitution in ICE1 [ICE1(K393R)] blocked SIZ1-mediated sumoylation in vitro and in protoplasts identifying the K393 residue as the principal site of SUMO conjugation. SIZ1-dependent sumoylation of ICE1 in protoplasts was moderately induced by cold. Sumoylation of recombinant ICE1 reduced polyubiquitination of the protein in vitro. ICE1(K393R) expression in wild-type plants repressed cold-induced CBF3/DREB1A expression and increased freezing sensitivity. Furthermore, expression of ICE1(K393R) induced transcript accumulation of MYB15, which encodes a MYB transcription factor that is a negative regulator of CBF/DREB1. SIZ1-dependent sumoylation of ICE1 may activate and/or stabilize the protein, facilitating expression of CBF3/DREB1A and repression of MYB15, leading to low temperature tolerance.</P>

Intracellular consequences of SOS1 deficiency during salt stress

Oh, Dong-Ha,Lee, Sang Yeol,Bressan, Ray A.,Yun, Dae-Jin,Bohnert, Hans J. Oxford University Press 2010 Journal of experimental botany Vol.61 No.4

<P>A mutation of AtSOS1 (Salt Overly Sensitive 1), a plasma membrane Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP>-antiporter in <I>Arabidopsis thaliana,</I> leads to a salt-sensitive phenotype accompanied by the death of root cells under salt stress. Intracellular events and changes in gene expression were compared during a non-lethal salt stress between the wild type and a representative SOS1 mutant, <I>atsos1-1,</I> by confocal microscopy using ion-specific fluorophores and by quantitative RT-PCR. In addition to the higher accumulation of sodium ions, <I>atsos1-1</I> showed inhibition of endocytosis, abnormalities in vacuolar shape and function, and changes in intracellular pH compared to the wild type in root tip cells under stress. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed a dramatically faster and higher induction of root-specific Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> transporters, including several CAXs and CNGCs, and the drastic down-regulation of genes involved in pH-homeostasis and membrane potential maintenance. Differential regulation of genes for functions in intracellular protein trafficking in <I>atsos1-1</I> was also observed. The results suggested roles of the SOS1 protein, in addition to its function as a Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP> antiporter, whose disruption affected membrane traffic and vacuolar functions possibly by controlling pH homeostasis in root cells.</P>

X-線裝置用 絶縁油의 放射線 油起電流에 관한 研究

김수환 김천대학교 1991 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.12 No.-

Radiation induced durrent on insulating oil which is used X-ray tube housing was investigated in this paper. X-ray induced curr-ent come to insrease in proportion to X-ray intensity and X-ray in-wave length, and was greatly effected by the temperature of in-sulating oil and gap length, but was not varied by X-ray absorbed dose. The results suggest to us that we must consider the following problems as important things for X-ray machine design andnormal operation which are cooling system of X-ray tube housing, X-ray intensity, incresoing temperature on series radiography, used years, oil exchange and management.

A Single Amino-Acid Substitution in the Sodium Transporter HKT1 Associated with Plant Salt Tolerance

Ali, Akhtar,Raddatz, Natalia,Aman, Rashid,Kim, Songmi,Park, Hyeong Cheol,Jan, Masood,Baek, Dongwon,Khan, Irfan Ullah,Oh, Dong-Ha,Lee, Sang Yeol,Bressan, Ray A.,Lee, Keun Woo,Maggio, Albino,Pardo, Jose American Society of Plant Biologists 2016 Plant Physiology Vol.171 No.3

<P>A crucial prerequisite for plant growth and survival is the maintenance of potassium uptake, especially when high sodium surrounds the root zone. The Arabidopsis HIGH-AFFINITY K+ TRANSPORTER1 (HKT1), and its homologs in other salt-sensitive dicots, contributes to salinity tolerance by removing Na+ from the transpiration stream. However, TsHKT1; 2, one of three HKT1 copies in Thellungiella salsuginea, a halophytic Arabidopsis relative, acts as a K+ transporter in the presence of Na+ in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Amino-acid sequence comparisons indicated differences between TsHKT1; 2 and most other published HKT1 sequences with respect to an Asp residue (D207) in the second pore-loop domain. Two additional T. salsuginea and most other HKT1 sequences contain Asn (N) in this position. Wild-type TsHKT1; 2 and altered AtHKT1 (AtHKT1(N-D)) complemented K+-uptake deficiency of yeast cells. Mutant hkt1-1 plants complemented with both AtHKT1(N-D) and TsHKT1; 2 showed higher tolerance to salt stress than lines complemented by the wild-type AtHKT1. Electrophysiological analysis in Xenopus laevis oocytes confirmed the functional properties of these transporters and the differential selectivity for Na+ and K+ based on the N/D variance in the pore region. This change also dictated inward-rectification for Na+ transport. Thus, the introduction of Asp, replacing Asn, in HKT1-type transporters established altered cation selectivity and uptake dynamics. We describe one way, based on a single change in a crucial protein that enabled some crucifer species to acquire improved salt tolerance, which over evolutionary time may have resulted in further changes that ultimately facilitated colonization of saline habitats.</P>

Transient Obstructive Hydrocephalus due to Intraventricular Hemorrhage: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Eriks A. Lusis,Ananth K. Vellimana,Wilson Z. Ray,Michael R. Chicoine,Sarah C. Jost 대한신경과학회 2013 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.9 No.3

Background Acute transient obstructive hydrocephalus is rare in adults. We describe a patient with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) who experienced the delayed development of acute transient hydrocephalus. Case Report A 33-year-old man with a previously diagnosed Spetzler-Martin Grade 5 arteriovenous malformation presented with severe headache, which was found to be due to IVH. Forty hours after presentation he developed significant obstructive hydrocephalus due to the thrombus migrating to the cerebral aqueduct, and a ventriculostomy placement was planned. However,shortly thereafter his headache began to improve spontaneously. Within 4 hours after onset the headache had completely resolved, and an interval head CT scan revealed resolution of hydrocephalus. Conclusions In patients with IVH, acute obstructive hydrocephalus can develop at any time after the ictus. Though a delayed presentation of acute but transient obstructive hydrocephalus is unusual, it is important to be aware of this scenario and ensure that deterioration secondary to thrombus migration and subsequent obstructive hydrocephalus do not occur.

Osmotin Is a Homolog of Mammalian Adiponectin and Controls Apoptosis in Yeast through a Homolog of Mammalian Adiponectin Receptor

Narasimhan, Meena L.,Coca, Maria A.,Jin, Jingbo,Yamauchi, Toshimasa,Ito, Yusuke,Kadowaki, Takashi,Kim, Kyeong-Kyu,Pardo, Jose M,Damsz, Barbara,Hasegawa, Paul M.,Yun, Dae-Jin,Bressan, Ray A. Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2005 No.

The antifungal activity of the PR-5 family of plant defense proteins has been suspected to involve specific plasma membrane component(s) of the fungal target. Osmotin is a tobacco PR-5 family protein that induces apoptosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show here that the protein encoded by ORE20/PHO36(YOL002c), a seven transmembrane domain receptor-like polypeptide that regulates lipid and phosphate metabolism, is an osmotin binding plasma mrmbrane protein that is required for full sensitivity to osmotin. PHO36 functions upstream of RAS2 in the osmotin-induced apoptotic pathway. The mammalian homolog of PHO36 is a receptor for the hormone adiponectin and regulates cellular lipid and sugar metabolism. OS-motion and adiponectin, the corresponding "receptor" binding proteins, do not share sequence similarity. However, the β barrel domain of both proteins can be overlapped, and osmotin, like adiponectin, activates AMP kinase in C2C12 myocytes via adiponectin receptors.

It’s Hard to Avoid Avoidance: Uncoupling the Evolutionary Connection between Plant Growth, Productivity and Stress “Tolerance”

Maggio, Albino,Bressan, Ray A.,Zhao, Yang,Park, Junghoon,Yun, Dae-Jin MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.11

<P>In the last 100 years, agricultural developments have favoured selection for highly productive crops, a fact that has been commonly associated with loss of key traits for environmental stress tolerance. We argue here that this is not exactly the case. We reason that high yield under near optimal environments came along with <I>hypersensitization</I> of plant stress perception and consequently <I>early activation</I> of stress avoidance mechanisms, such as slow growth, which were originally needed for survival over long evolutionary time periods. Therefore, mechanisms employed by plants to cope with a stressful environment during evolution were overwhelmingly geared to avoid detrimental effects so as to ensure survival and that plant stress “tolerance” is fundamentally and evolutionarily based on “avoidance” of injury and death which may be referred to as evolutionary avoidance (EVOL-Avoidance). As a consequence, slow growth results from being exposed to stress because genes and genetic programs to adjust growth rates to external circumstances have evolved as a survival but not productivity strategy that has allowed extant plants to avoid extinction. To improve productivity under moderate stressful conditions, the evolution-oriented plant stress response circuits must be changed from a survival mode to a continued productivity mode or to <I>avoid</I> the evolutionary avoidance response, as it were. This may be referred to as Agricultural (AGRI-Avoidance). Clearly, highly productive crops have kept the slow, reduced growth response to stress that they evolved to ensure survival. Breeding programs and genetic engineering have not succeeded to genetically remove these responses because they are polygenic and redundantly programmed. From the beginning of modern plant breeding, we have not fully appreciated that our crop plants react overly-cautiously to stress conditions. They over-reduce growth to be able to survive stresses for a period of time much longer than a cropping season. If we are able to remove this polygenic redundant survival safety net we may improve yield in moderately stressful environments, yet we will face the requirement to replace it with either an emergency slow or no growth (dormancy) response to extreme stress or use resource management to rescue crops under extreme stress (or both).</P>