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Kadowaki, Natsuki,Kishida, Kazuaki Korea Institute of Science and Technology Informat 2020 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.8 No.2
Word similarity is often measured to enhance system performance in the information retrieval field and other related areas. This paper reports on an experimental comparison of values for word similarity measures that were computed based on 50 intentionally selected words from a Reuters corpus. There were three targets, including (1) co-occurrence-based similarity measures (for which a co-occurrence frequency is counted as the number of documents or sentences), (2) context-based distributional similarity measures obtained from a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), and Word2Vec algorithm, and (3) similarity measures computed from the tf-idf weights of each word according to a vector space model (VSM). Here, a Pearson correlation coefficient for a pair of VSM-based similarity measures and co-occurrence-based similarity measures according to the number of documents was highest. Group-average agglomerative hierarchical clustering was also applied to similarity matrices computed by individual measures. An evaluation of the cluster sets according to an answer set revealed that VSM- and LDA-based similarity measures performed best.
Kadowaki, Shigenori,Komori, Azusa,Takahari, Daisuke,Ura, Takashi,Ito, Seiji,Tajika, Masahiro,Niwa, Yasumasa,Oze, Isao,Muro, Kei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.13
Background: Systemic chemotherapy for patients with metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) is generally palliative, although some patients experience long-term survival after treatment. Thus, we identified clinical characteristics that are associated with long-term survival of patients with MGC after palliative chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 514 MGC patients who received systemic chemotherapy at our institution from 2001 to 2008. To identify clinical predictors of survival beyond 2 years, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, and 5-year survival rates were estimated among MGC patients following chemotherapy. Results: Among 514 patients, 96 (19%) and 16 (3%) survived beyond 2 and 5 years, respectively, and performance status of 0 or 1 (odds ratio [OR]=3.39; p=0.01), previous gastrectomy (OR=1.86; p=0.01), single metastatic site (OR=1.80; p=0.03), and normal alkaline phosphatase levels (OR=2.81; p<0.01) were identified as independent predictors of long-term survival. Of the 16 5-year survivors, six were alive at the end of the study and showed no evidence of disease despite cessation of chemotherapy. Conclusions: The present data demonstrate distinct clinical characteristics that are associated with long-term survival of MGC patients, and indicated that palliative chemotherapy can be curative in highly selected patients.
Hoque, M.A.,Kadowaki, H.,Shibata, T.,Suzuki, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.7
Direct and maternal genetic parameters for production traits in 1,642 pigs and maternal genetic correlations among production (1,642 pigs) and feed efficiency (380 boars) traits were estimated in 7 generations of a Duroc population. Traits studied were daily gain (DG), intramuscular fat (IMF), loineye area (LEA), backfat thickness (BF), daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI). The RFI was calculated as the difference between actual and predicted feed intake. The predicted feed intake was estimated by adjusting the initial test weight, DG and BF. Data for production traits were analyzed using four alternative animal models (including direct, direct+maternal permanent environmental, or direct+maternal genetic+maternal permanent environmental effects). Direct heritability estimates from the model including direct and all maternal effects were $0.41{\pm}0.04$ for DG, $0.27{\pm}0.04$ for IMF, $0.52{\pm}0.06$ for LEA and $0.64{\pm}0.04$ for BF. Estimated maternal heritabilities ranged from $0.04{\pm}0.04$ to $0.15{\pm}0.05$ for production traits. Antagonistic relationships were observed between direct and maternal genetic effects ($r_{am}$) for LEA (-0.21). Maternal genetic correlations of feed efficiency traits with FI ($r_g$ of FI with FCR and RFI were $0.73{\pm}0.06$ and $0.90{\pm}0.05$, respectively) and LEA (rg of LEA with FCR and RFI were $-0.48{\pm}0.05$ to $-0.61{\pm}0.05$, respectively) were favorable. The estimated moderate genetic correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects for IMF and LEA indicated that maternal effects has an important role in these traits, and should be accounted for in the genetic evaluation system.
Lin Yang,Motoni Kadowaki 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.5
To elucidate whether a low methionine (Met)/glycine (Gly) ratio is responsible for the hypocholesterolemic effect of rice protein (RP), the effects of adding Met to RP, increasing its Met/Gly ratio, on hepatic cholesterol output was investigated in rats fed cholesterol-free diets. The hepatic secretion of cholesterol into bile or circulation was measured from isolated perfused livers of 7-week-old male Wistar rats fed RP (cultivar Koshihikari) with a lower Met/Gly ratio and methionine-supplemented RP with a higher Met/Gly ratio (RP-M) matched with casein (CAS). RP-M produced a significant hypocholesterolemic effect, whereas the effect of RP on plasma cholesterol level was comparable to that of CAS. Hepatic accumulation of total lipids, cholesterol, and phospholipids was higher in RP-M rats than in RP rats, again following a pattern similar to that in CAS rats. The hepatic total and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol secretions into circulation were effectively decreased by RP, but not by RP-M. Bile flow and biliary outputs of bile acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids were significantly stimulated by RP-M, causing an increase in fecal sterol excretion compared with CAS and RP. Neither biliary output nor fecal excretion of bile acids was affected by RP compared with CAS. The present results demonstrate that the plasma cholesterol-lowering effect of RP cannot be merely ascribed to the low Met/Gly ratio of RP in growing rats fed cholesterol-free diets. Results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic response induced by RP-M with a higher Met/Gly ratio primarily contributes to the stimulation of hepatic cholesterol for elimination via biliary secretion rather than the inhibition of hepatic cholesterol release via VLDL into circulation.