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High Char-Yield in AN-AM Copolymer by Acidic Hydrolysis of Homopolyacrylonitrile
Run Cheng,You Zhou,Jing Wang,Yumin Cheng,Seungkon Ryu,Riguang Jin 한국탄소학회 2013 Carbon Letters Vol.14 No.1
Acrylonitrile (AN)-acrylamide (AM) copolymers were prepared by nitric acidic hydrolysis of homopolyacrylonitrile. The acrylamino group increased as a function of hydrolysis time, while crystallinity decreased. Differential scanning calorimetry and a thermal gravimetric analysis indicated that the acylamino introduced by acidic hydrolysis effectively enhanced the cyclization reaction at low temperature due to the change of the cyclization reaction mechanism. Char-yield of AN-AM copolymers also gradually increased with increasing hydrolysis time. The maximum char-yield was 49.48% when hydrolized at 23°C in 65% nitric acid solution for 18 h, which was 30% higher than that of non-acidic hydrolysis of homopolyacrylonitrile. Simulation of the practical process also showed an increase of char yields, where the char yields were 55.43% and 62.60% for homopolyacrylonitrile and copolyacrylonitrile, respectively, with a hydrolysis time of 13 h.
정연(Ran Cheng),우챠오(Chao Wu),오근엽(Keunyeob Oh) 한국경제통상학회 2017 경제연구 Vol.35 No.3
본 연구에서는 2008-2015년 중국의 대표적 은행들의 데이터를 이용하여 외자은행 진입이 중국 은행의 생산성 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 생산성 변화를 측정하기 위해 DEA 방법의 SBM모형을 이용한 Malmquist지수를 계산하였으며 그 결과를 여러 변수에 대해 회귀 분석하였다. 특히 무수익여신을 바람직하지 않은 산출 변수로 포함하여 본 논문의 차별성이 부 각될 수 있었으며 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 외자은행의 진입이 대체로 중국 은행들의 생산성에 (+)의 방향으로 영향을 미친 것으로 나타나고 있다. 둘째, 외자은행은 무수익여신이 고려되었을 때의 생산성에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 국내은행들의 생산성 증가는 효율성 증가보다는 기술진보에 의한 것으로 나타났다. After China became a member of the WTO in 2002, it experienced an acceleration in the opening of banking industry. This paper collected a panel data of 14 Chinese banks from 2008 to 2015 in order to analyse the effects of FBE(foreign bank entries) on the productivities of Chinese banks. First, we used the DEA-SBM model to measure the Malmquist-Luenberger index considering non-performing loans(NPL) and the Malmquist index without taking these loans into account. Second, through the multiple linear regression model, we tested the effect of foreign banks entries on the Chinese banks. The results of our paper lead to the conclusion that there is a positive correlation between the entries of foreign banks and the two Malmquist indices. The size of the effects was larger when we consider the NPL as undesirable output in the analysis. In addition, the increase of the productivity seems to be from the technology progress rather than the efficiency improvement.
Identification of Prostate Cancer LncRNAs by RNA-Seq
Hu, Cheng-Cheng,Gan, Ping,Zhang, Rui-Ying,Xue, Jin-Xia,Ran, Long-Ke Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21
Purpose: To identify prostate cancer lncRNAs using a pipeline proposed in this study, which is applicable for the identification of lncRNAs that are differentially expressed in prostate cancer tissues but have a negligible potential to encode proteins. Materials and Methods: We used two publicly available RNA-Seq datasets from normal prostate tissue and prostate cancer. Putative lncRNAs were predicted using the biological technology, then specific lncRNAs of prostate cancer were found by differential expression analysis and co-expression network was constructed by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results: A total of 1,080 lncRNA transcripts were obtained in the RNA-Seq datasets. Three genes (PCA3, C20orf166-AS1 and RP11-267A15.1) showed a significant differential expression in the prostate cancer tissues, and were thus identified as prostate cancer specific lncRNAs. Brown and black modules had significant negative and positive correlations with prostate cancer, respectively. Conclusions: The pipeline proposed in this study is useful for the prediction of prostate cancer specific lncRNAs. Three genes (PCA3, C20orf166-AS1, and RP11-267A15.1) were identified to have a significant differential expression in prostate cancer tissues. However, there have been no published studies to demonstrate the specificity of RP11-267A15.1 in prostate cancer tissues. Thus, the results of this study can provide a new theoretic insight into the identification of prostate cancer specific genes.
Yuqiang Han,Qinghua Que,Ran Cheng,Ran Cheng,Chunfa Lin,Wenqing Han,Enhao Wang,Junyi Zhu,Haoran Yan 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10
In present work, a novel SiCfreinforced (Al3Ti + Al3Ni)-based metallic–intermetallic laminate (Ti–(Al3Ti + Al3Ni)/SiCf-MIL) composite without centerline defect was prepared using Ti, Al foils, NiTi wires and SiC fibers by vacuum hot pressingsintering method. Electron backscatter diffraction was employed to characterize the microstructure and phase constituents ofTi–(Al3Ti + Al3Ni)/SiCf-MIL composite during various stages of preparation process. The elimination mechanism of intermetalliccenterline was discussed. Besides, quasi-static compressive performance and fracture toughness of the synthesizedcomposite were investigated. The experimental results indicated that as reaction time increasing, the NiTi/Al interfacialreaction occurred prior to the Ti/Al interfacial reaction to form an Al3Ti/Al3Ni zone. Then, the oxides gathered at the frontof Ti/Al interfacial reaction layer were dispersed in the intermetallic layer rather than being pushed together to generate thecenterline due to the Al3Ti/Al3Ni zone. After reaction, there were no residual NiTi phases and intermetallic layers mainlyconsisting of Al3Tiand Al3Niphases were obtained in this composite. In addition, high angle grain boundaries in Al3Tigrains occupied a large proportion, conversely, low angle grain boundaries dominated in Al3Nigrains. Furthermore, stressconcentration appears at the interface between layers instead of along the middle plane of intermetallic layer. Moreover,both compressive strength and fracture toughness of the composite are superior in comparison with SiCfreinforced Ti–Al3Timetallic–intermetallic laminate composite (Ti–Al3Ti/SiCf-MIL) ascribed to the elimination of centerline.
Cheng Zuo-Hui,Fan Fang-Fang,Zhao Jin-Zhong,Li Rui,Li Sheng-Cai,Zhang En-Jia,Liu Yu-Kun,Wang Jue-Ying,Zhu Xiang-Run,Tian Yong-Ming 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4
The microemulsion formulation (hereafter formulation) of curcuma oil and its acaricidal efficacy against Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval (Acari: Tetranychidae) were optimized in the laboratory to evaluate their spray effectiveness of oviposition inhibition and repellence. Ethovision XT6 was used to analyse the effects of the sublethal concentrations (LC 20 ) of curcuma oil and the formulation on the behaviors of T. cinnabarinus. The results showed that Tween-80 was the best surfactant, Isopropanol was the best co-surfactant and K m = 2:1 was the best condition for the formulation. The prepared microemulsions are stable under conditions of centrifugation and incubation for extended periods. The results showed that the effect of the spray bioassays of the formulation against T. cinnabarinus continuously increased during the experiment, but for curcuma oil almost no longer increase observed when the exposure time went beyond 24 h. Moreover, compared with curcuma oil (LC 50 = 0.716%), the spray bioassay of the formulation (LC 50 = 0.035%) was stronger against T. cinnabarinus. The repellency of the formulation to T. cinnabarinus was stronger with increasing exposure time, but that of curcuma oil declined after 12 h of exposure. The mobile distance of T. cinnabarinus treated with the formulation continuously declined during the experiment but that due to the curcuma oil almost no longer declined when the treatment time reached 12 h. The maximum mobile frequency of T. cinnabarinus treated by curcuma oil and the formulation was recorded at 6 h and 12 h, respectively. Thus, the formulation is a promising candidate as a botanical acaricide of green vegetables.