Convoluted Neural Network for Detection of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer on 68 Ga PSMA PET/CT Delayed Imaging by Analyzing Radiomic Features

Rajender Kumar 대한핵의학회 2024 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.58 No.2

Purpose To assess the utility of convoluted neural network (CNN) in differentiating clinically significant and insignificantprostate cancer in patients with 68 Ga PSMA PET/CT-targeted prostate biopsy-proven prostate cancer. Methods In this retrospective study, 142 patients with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer were evaluated who underwent68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging followed by 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT-targeted prostate biopsy from the PSMA-avid prostatelesion. Twenty patients with no PSMA-avid lesions were excluded. Local Image Features Extraction (LifeX) software wasused to extract radiomic features (RF) from delayed 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT images of 122 patients. LifeX failed to extractradiomic features in 24 patients, and the remaining 98 were evaluated. RFs were fed to an in-built CNN of the software forcomputation and results were achieved. Patients with Gleason Score ≥ 7 on histopathology were labeled clinically significantprostate cancer (csPCa). The diagnostic values of radiomic features were evaluated. Results The csPCa was revealed in 69/98 (70.4%) patients, and insignificant PCa was noticed in 29/98 (29.6%) patients. The software extracted 124 RF from the delayed 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT images. The accuracy of the CNN was 80.7% todifferentiate clinically significant and clinically insignificant prostate cancer, with an error percentage (E %) of 19.3%. Thesensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values were 90.3%, 57.7%, 83.6%, and 71.4%, respectively,to detect csPCa. Conclusion CNN is a feasible pre-biopsy screening tool for identifying clinically significant prostate cancer and can be usedas an adjunct in the initial diagnosis and early treatment planning.

Internet Access and Use among Students of Physical Education: A Study of Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

Kumar, Rajender Korea Institute of Science and Technology Informat 2014 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.2 No.2

This paper depicts a study conducted on the behavior of physical education students towards Internet usage at Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra. Specially, the study aims to know the purposes for use of Internet resources and services, frequency of use, places and means of use, student's satisfaction level toward the Internet, and problems faced while using the Internet. A survey was carried out with a sample of 100 physical education students of Kurukshetra University and the response rate was 88%. A well-designed questionnaire was distributed to the students' sample. Amazingly, the results of the study reveal that usage of the Internet in research and education was not favored, whereas email, chatting, and sports websites were commonly used among students. The study also found that too much information on the Internet, slow access speeds, and finding relevant information were the main problems in using the Internet.

Enhanced Availability Rate and Load Balance in Emerging Heterogeneous Wireless Network Using Proactive Group Vertical Handover Algorithm

Rajender Kumar,Brahmjit Singh 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.6 No.1

Structural, Electrical and Red Emission Properties of Pd/n-ZnO/p-Si/Al Heterostructures

Rajender Kumar,Subhash Chand 대한금속·재료학회 2015 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.11 No.6

The ZnO thin films were grown on p-type silicon by pulsed laser deposition method for fabrication of ZnO/p-Si heterojunction. X-ray diffraction patterns were used to study the grain size and morphology of the ZnO thin film. Optical properties of ZnO thin film were studied by UV-visible, photoluminescence spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Experimental observations confirmed that the deposited ZnO thin films have potential for sharp emission in the visible region. High purity (99.999%) vacuum evaporated palladium and aluminium metals were used to make contacts to the n-ZnO and p-Si, respectively. The current-voltage characteristics of the Pd/n-ZnO/p-Si(100)/Al heterostructure measured over the temperature range 80 - 300 K, were studied on the basis of the thermionic emission-diffusion mechanism. The equivalent Schottky barrier height and ideality factor were determined by fitting measured current-voltage data to the thermionic emission-diffusion current equation. It was observed that the barrier height decreased and the ideality factor increased with decreasing temperature and that the activation energy plot was non-linear at low temperature. These characteristics were attributed to the Gaussian distribution of barrier heights. The capacitance-voltage characteristics of the Pd/n-ZnO/p- Si(100)/Al heterojunction diode were studied over a wide temperature range. From the measured capacitance-voltage data the impurity concentration in deposited n-type ZnO films was estimated.

Real and Reactive Power Nodal Pricing with Hydro Condenser in Pool Based Electricity Market Model

Rajender Kumar,Ashwani Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.12

Reactive power procurement has been identified as an important ancillary service. The cost characteristics must be able to recover the lost opportunity cost component of generator reaching the field limits and causes the decrease in its active power when the reactive demand in the system increases. The Synchronous condensers supply reactive power to maintain the voltage and reduce the burden on the synchronous generators. In this paper, the cost characteristics of reactive power support by the generator are proposed based on its capability chart. A non-linear optimization problem formulation is proposed to compute both real and reactive power nodal prices for pool electricity market model with hydro condenser. The marginal prices at each node have been determined for both real and reactive power considering the minimization of fuel cost, reactive power cost, and cost of condenser. The cost characteristics of reactive power have been determined based on the existing methods and the proposed method. The comparison of the results obtained with existing method is also provided. The results have been determined for IEEE 24 bus test system.

Thoracolumbar Vertebral Injuries with Neurological Deficit Treated with Posterior Decompression, Short Segment Pedicle Screw Fixation, and Interlaminar Fusion

Sachin Kumar,Satish Kumar,Rajender Kumar Arya,Avinash Kumar 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.6

Study Design: Prospective clinical study. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of interlaminar fusion and short segment pedicle screw fixation on thoracolumbar vertebral injuries for preventing pain and post-traumatic kyphosis. Overview of Literature: The treatment of thoracolumbar injuries continues to be one of the most controversial areas in spine care. The main aim of surgical treatment is to decompress the spinal cord or nerve roots, realign the spine, and correct or prevent posttraumatic kyphosis. We evaluated the outcome of interlaminar fusion along with posterior decompression and short segment pedicle screw fixation in patients with thoracolumbar fractures with neurological deficit. Methods: Twenty-two patients with traumatic thoracolumbar vertebral injuries and neurological deficit underwent short segment pedicle screw fixation above and below the fractured vertebrae, posterior decompression, and interlaminar fusion using a bone graft. Results: All patients were followed up for 12 months postoperatively. The average operative time and blood loss was 142 minutes and 214 mL, respectively. Of the 22 patients, 14 recovered completely. Of the nine patients with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade A disease, two improved by 1 grade, whereas one each improved by grades 2, 3, and 4, and four did not recover. Radiologically, vertebral kyphosis angle improved from 20.91 preoperatively to 15.73 postoperatively, sagittal index improved from 24.77 to 18.73, the sagittal plane kyphosis angle improved from 17.45 to 11.41, regional angle kyphosis improved from 14.73 to 10.14, the superior inferior end plate angle from 16.14 to 13.00, and mean anterior body compression improved from 36.26 to 27.64 postoperatively. No implant failed and no patient had neurological deterioration. Conclusions: Short segment pedicle screw fixation with posterior decompression and interlaminar fusion provided considerable reduction in kyphosis, restored the vertebral height of patients with thoracolumbar vertebral injuries and neurological deficit, and prevented development of delayed kyphotic deformity.

Effects of zolpidem on sleep parameters in patients with cirrhosis and sleep disturbances: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Manoj Kumar Sharma,Sumeet Kainth,Sachin Kumar,Ankit Bhardwaj,Hemant Kumar Agarwal,Rakhi Maiwall,Kapil Dev Jamwal,Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry,Ankur Jindal,Ashok Choudhary,Lovkesh Anand,Rajender Mal 대한간학회 2019 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.25 No.2

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to study the efficacy and safety of zolpidem for sleep disturbances in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: Fifty-two Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A or B cirrhotics with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5 were randomized to either zolpidem 5 mg daily (n=26) or placebo (n=26) for 4 weeks. Results: The therapy of 4 weeks was completed by 23 patients receiving zolpidem (3 stopped treatment due to excessive daytime drowsiness) and 24 receiving placebo (2 refused to continue the study). In the zolpidem group, after 4 weeks of therapy, there was significant increase in total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency compared to baseline and improvement in polysomnographic parameters of sleep initiation and maintenance (i.e., decrease in sleep latency time, decrease in wake time, and decreases in number of arousals and periodic limbs movements per hour of sleep), without any significant change in sleep architecture. Conclusions: Four weeks of 5 mg daily zolpidem in CTP class A or B cirrhosis patients with insomnia led to significant increases in TST and sleep efficiency and improvement in polysomnographic parameters of sleep initiation and maintenance without any significant change in sleep architecture.

Real Time F-18 FDG PET-CT-Guided Metabolic Biopsy Targeting Differential FDG Avidity in a Pulmonary Blastoma

Jain Tarun Kumar,Singh Harmandeep,Kumar Rajender,Bal Amanjit,Sood Ashwani,Mittal Bhagwant Rai 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.5

Pulmonary blastoma (PB) is a rare thoracic malignancy and preoperative diagnosis is challenging. A young man presented with dyspnea and chest pain for 3–4 months and chest-computed tomography (CT) revealed large mass in the left lung upper lobe and pleural effusion. Repeated CT-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology from the lesion and pleural fluid aspiration was negative for malignancy. F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) revealed heterogeneous tracer avidity in left lung mass with areas of necrosis. Real-time PET-CT-guided biopsy from metabolically active component of the lesion revealed biphasic PB on histopathology.

Single-step hydrothermal synthesis of wrinkled graphene wrapped TiO₂ nanotubes for photocatalytic hydrogen production and supercapacitor applications

Police, Anil Kumar Reddy,Chennaiahgari, Manvitha,Boddula, Rajender,Vattikuti, S.V. Prabhakar,Mandari, Kotesh Kumar,Chan, Byon Elsevier 2018 Materials research bulletin Vol.98 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, we discuss the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanocomposites with varying ratios of rGO to TiO<SUB>2</SUB> by hydrothermal method. Photocatalytic ability of the nanocomposites was assessed for H<SUB>2</SUB> production under natural sunlight. At 5wt% GO loading, the rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> exhibited 24,880μmol/g/h H<SUB>2</SUB>, 12.9 times to commercial P25-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (1920μmol/g/h). The symmetric supercapacitor device fabricated using rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> demonstrated 160F/g specific capacitance with 99% retention. The efficient charge carrier separation and transportation between TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotubes and rGO resulted high photocatalytic activity. The synergistic double layer pseudo capacitor behavior of rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> is the reason for improved specific capacitance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Wrinkle rGO wrapped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotubes were prepared by alkanine hydrothermal method. </LI> <LI> Improved visible absorption and reduced recombination was witnessed in rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> <LI> H<SUB>2</SUB> production of 24,880μmole/g/h was achieved by rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, 12.9 folds to P25 TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> <LI> Double layer and pseudo capacitance of rGO-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> showed specific capacitance 160F/g. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

SRD5A2 Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia but not Prostate Cancer

Choubey, Vimal Kumar,Sankhwar, Satya Narayan,Carlus, S. Justin,Singh, Anand Narayan,Dalela, Divakar,Thangaraj, Kumarasamy,Rajender, Singh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.3

Background: Testosterone, a primary androgen in males, is converted into its most active form, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), by $5{\alpha}$-reductase type 2 (encoded by the SRD5A2 gene) in the prostate. DHT is necessary for prostatic growth and has five times higher binding affinity than testosterone for androgen receptors. We hypothesized that polymorphic variations in the SRD5A2 gene may affect the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: We analyzed SRD5A2 gene polymorphisms in 217 BPH patients, 192 PCa cases, and 171 controls. Genotyping was undertaken using direct DNA sequencing. Genotype data were compared between cases and controls using a Chi square statistical tool. Results: We found that the A49T locus was monomorphic with 'AA' genotype in all subjects. At V89L locus, the presence of 'VV' showed a marginally significant correlation with increased BPH risk (p=0.047). At the $(TA)_n$ locus, longer TA repeats were found to be protective against BPH (p=0.003). However, neither of these polymoprhisms correlated with the risk of PCa. Conclusions: We conclude that A49T is monomorphic in the study population, VV marginally correlates with BPH risk, and longer $(TA)_n$ repeats are protective against BPH. None of these polymorphisms affect the risk of PCa.