High speed intravascular photoacoustic imaging with fast optical parametric oscillator laser at 1.7 <i>μ</i>m

Piao, Zhonglie,Ma, Teng,Li, Jiawen,Wiedmann, Maximilian T.,Huang, Shenghai,Yu, Mingyue,Kirk Shung, K.,Zhou, Qifa,Kim, Chang-Seok,Chen, Zhongping American Institute of Physics 2015 Applied Physics Letters Vol.107 No.8

<P>Intravascular photoacoustic imaging at 1.7 mu m spectral band has shown promising capabilities for lipid-rich vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque detection. In this work, we report a high speed catheter-based integrated intravascular photoacoustic/intravascular ultrasound (IVPA/IVUS) imaging system with a 500 Hz optical parametric oscillator laser at 1725 nm. A lipid-mimicking phantom and atherosclerotic rabbit abdominal aorta were imaged at 1 frame per second, which is two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported in IVPA imaging with the same wavelength. Clear photoacoustic signals by the absorption of lipid rich deposition demonstrated the ability of the system for high speed vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques detection. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.</P>

Reversible Macroscopic Alignment of Ag Nanowires

Zhou, Hu,Heyer, Patrick,Kim, Ho-Jong,Song, Jung-Hoon,Piao, Longhai,Kim, Sang-Ho American Chemical Society 2011 Chemistry of materials Vol.23 No.16

<P>The macroscopic arrangement of one-dimensional nanowires (NWs)/nanorods is crucial for many technological applications, because of their structure-dependent physical properties. Using a simple flow-induced alignment method, reversible structural changes between aligned and random states were demonstrated in Ag NW suspensions. The alignment of the NWs was induced under high shear rates and was stable for at least 6000 s, because of depressed Brownian motion. An aligned Ag NW suspension could return to its original random state under low shear, because of the rotation of the Ag NWs. The practical implications of flow-induced alignment are shown through the dielectric, electric, and optical properties of the dispersions. Although the alignments were not perfect, these properties still exhibited marked direction dependence. It is remarkable that the macroscopic, reversible structural change between aligned and random states and the related changes of physical properties can be easily scalable to large areas for many potential applications.</P><P>Reversible alignment and disordering of Ag nanowires were demonstrated by shear. The critical shear rate is ca. 10 s<SUP>−1</SUP> for this reversible transition. Collective dielectric, electrical, and optical properties of Ag nanowires showed direction dependence after alignment.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2011/cmatex.2011.23.issue-16/cm200848h/production/images/medium/cm-2011-00848h_0001.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm200848h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

가짜뉴스에 대한 중국 법적 규제의 특징과 향후 과제

박문령(Piao Wenling),주민(Zhou Min) 인하대학교 법학연구소 2021 法學硏究 Vol.24 No.3

현재 한국에서는 언론중재법 개정안이 화두에 올랐다. 한국에 알려진 중국사회는 사전 검열을 통해서 언론을 통제하기 때문에 가짜뉴스와 같은 사회적 문제를 쉽게 해결할 수 있다고 느껴지는 것 같지만, 사실은 이와 달리 중국에서도 가짜뉴스, 허위정보가 기승을 부리면서 사회의 불안을 조성하고 있어서 한국과 마찬가지로 가짜뉴스와 전쟁을 벌이고 있는 중이다. 물론 중국은 인터넷에 대한 사전 검열을 실행하기 때문에 한국에 비해서 좀 더 강경하게 법적 대응을 할 수 있는 제도적 특징은 있다. 중국의 경우라도 법을 통해서 엄정하게 조사하고 처벌하는 것은 고의적·악의적으로 谣言(요언)을 제작·유포하는 행위에 제한되어 있다. 현재 중국에서 가짜뉴스의 60% 이상 웨이보(Weibo, 微博) 등 위 미디어(We Media, 自媒体)을 통해서 확산되므로 법규제와 단속의 대상은 주로 개인의 불법적인 뉴스 활동이다. 현재 중국에서 가짜뉴스에 대처하기 위해서 제정된 전문법은 없고 주로 네트워크안전법, 민법, 치안처벌관리법, 형법, 그리고 기타 행정법규를 통해서 규제를 하고 있다. 예를 들어서 한국을 포함한 일부 해외 언론은 중국 네트워크안전법은 외국기업이 주요 타깃이라고 보도하고 있는 것 같은데, 사실 국내에서 온라인 정보를 통제하여 국내의 네트워크 관련 범죄 예방, 개인정보 보호, 온라인 가짜 정보를 방지하기 위한 목적도 있다. 또한 중국에서는 허위정보를 제작, 유포하는 행위에 대해서 행정처벌을 위주로 한다. 치안 처벌관리법은 한국에서 찾아 볼 수 없는 법 시스템이다. 향후 가짜뉴스의 법 규제상 문제점을 보완하고 개선방안을 마련하는 것이 과제로 되어 있다. The revision of the Korean Press Arbitration Act (ACT ON PRESS ARBITRATION AND REMEDIES, ETC. FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY PRESS REPORTS) has recently attracted widespread discussion and criticism. Unlike Korea, China does not currently have a law similar to the Korean Press Arbitration Act regarding remedies for damages caused by news reports. However, this does not mean that China is immune to fake news, nor does it mean that the Chinese media will not create and disseminate fake news. Korea generally believes that China can quickly solve the social problem of fake news by strictly controlling public opinion through censorship. In reality, however, Chinese society is also suffering from the dangers of fake news. Compared to Korea, China does not have biased fake news considering partisanship, and China’s legal measures against fake news are more vigorous than Korea’s as a result of institutional characteristics. China distinguishes between fake news in traditional media and online fake news, often referred to as rumors. In China, rumors subject to strict censorship and legal punishment are limited to cases of deliberate, malicious production and dissemination of fake news. Sixty percent of rumors in China come from social media like Weibo and Wechat. Although China does not have laws explicitly addressing fake news now, the Cyber Security Law, Civil Law, Public Security Administration Punishment Law, Criminal Law, and other administrative regulations address dealing with fake news. For example, while Korea generally considers Cyber Security Law to be aimed at foreign companies, it also aims to prevent cybercrime, protect personal privacy, and prevent online fake news. The Public Security Administration Punishment Law is an administrative law with Chinese characteristics not found in the Korean legal system, which provides for administrative penalties such as fines and detention for intentional and malicious production and dissemination of disinformation. In the future, how to deal with the problem of fake news with a legal system of Chinese characteristics needs further discussion and clarification.

3, 5, 30-Triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) is an anti-inflammatory drug that targets toll-like receptor 2

하해찬,장지민,ZHOU DAN,김한결,백문정,신인철,윤소윤,Yongwei Piao,최종민,원종훈,김대경 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.10

Drug repositioning is a strategy that explores new pharmaceutical applications of previously launched or failed drugs, and is advantageous since it saves capital and time. In this study, we examined the inhibition of TLR2 signaling by drug candidates. HEK-BlueTM-hTLR2 cells were pretreated with drugs and stimulated using the TLR2 ligand, Pam3CSK4. Among the drugs that inhibited TLR2 signaling, we selected TRIAC, which is yet to be patented. Pretreatment with TRIAC decreased the TLR2 level and the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs in HEK-BlueTM- hTLR2 cells. Since TLR2 is overexpressed in patients with acute hepatitis, we confirmed that TRIAC alleviates necrosis in a mouse model of Con A-induced acute hepatitis. The serum AST and ALT levels are indicators of liver damage, and are increased in Con A-induced hepatitis. Additionally, TLR2 and inflammatory cytokine levels are increased following administration of Con A and lead to liver damage. TRIAC decreased the serum levels of AST and ALT, and reduced liver tissue necrosis in mice with Con A-induced acute fulminant liver damage, by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, TRIAC alleviates inflammation in mouse models of Con A-induced hepatitis by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPKs, the sub-mechanisms underlying TLR2 signaling.

Studies on the Landscape Planning of Wetland in the Yellow River Delta

( Yong Ji Piao ),( Tao Zhou ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2006 녹지환경학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Building ecological protective region is an effective approach to build wetland landscape and protect the bird and fish wholly. The planning of ecological protective region should protect natural scene with might and main, lay out natural characteristics fully and harmonize the relationship between the style and custom. This article analyzes the actuality and characteristics of landscape resources of wetland in the Yellow River delta and puts forward the planning principles and imaginations according to its landscape resources characteristics with the theory of humanism, science and art, which can be basic data to build Wetland Park in the Yellow River delta.

Synthesis of Silver Nanoplates by Two-Dimensional Oriented Attachment

Liu, Zhun,Zhou, Hu,Lim, Young S.,Song, Jung-Hoon,Piao, Longhai,Kim, Sang-Ho American Chemical Society 2012 Langmuir Vol.28 No.25

<P>Synthesis of silver nanoplates was studied in the modified polyol method, where the nucleation and seed stage occurred in a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)–water mixture solution, and the growth stage happened in the PEG environment. The morphological evolution of nanoplates was characterized using UV, SEM, and TEM. Interestingly, plane nanostructures with unusual jagged edges were finally formed in our modified polyol method. Using TEM, we observed the medium state of fusion between two nanoplates, resulting in generating unusual jagged edges. Therefore, a novel two-dimensional oriented attachment occurred in our modified polyol method, which involves smaller nanoplates as the building blocks. Further control experiments showed that the presence of water could break this kinetic preferred reactivity, leading to the formation of nanoparticles.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2012/langd5.2012.28.issue-25/la301721y/production/images/medium/la-2012-01721y_0001.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la301721y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

C-27-carboxylated oleanane triterpenoids up-regulate TRAIL DISC assembly via p38 MAPK and CHOP-mediated DR5 expression in human glioblastoma cells

Byun, Hee Sun,Zhou, Wei,Park, InWha,Kang, Kidong,Lee, So-Ra,Piao, Xuezhe,Park, Jin Bong,Kwon, Taeg Kyu,Na, MinKyun,Hur, Gang Min Elsevier 2018 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.158 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite recent tremendous progress, targeting of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a cancer therapy has limited success in many clinical trials, in part due to inactivation of death inducing signaling complex (DISC)-mediated caspase-8 signaling cascade in highly malignant tumors such as glioblastoma. In this study, screening of constituents derived from <I>Astilbe rivularis</I> for TRAIL-sensitizing activity identified C-27-carboxylated oleanolic acid derivatives (C27OAs) including 3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-1), 3β,6β,7α-trihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-2), and 3β-<I>trans</I>-<I>p</I>-coumaroyloxy-olean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-3) as novel TRAIL sensitizers. Interestingly, these C27OAs did not affect apoptotic cell death induced by either ligation of other death receptor (DR) types, such as TNF and Fas or DNA damaging agents, which suggests that C27OAs effectively and selectively sensitize TRAIL-mediated caspase-8 activation. Mechanistically, C27OAs upregulate the expression of cell surface DR5 and DISC formation without affecting downstream intracellular apoptosis-related proteins. The upregulation of DR5 expression by C27OAs strictly depends on transactivation of C/EBP homology protein, which is regulated through the p38 MAPK pathway, rather than p53 and intracellular reactive oxygen species status. Taken together, our results identify the novel C27OAs as TRAIL sensitizers targeting the upstream DISC assembly of DR5, and provide a rationale for further development of C27OAs for facilitating TRAIL-based chemotherapy in glioblastoma patients.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Hepatocellular carcinoma prediction model performance decreases with long-term antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients

Xiaoning Wu,Xiaoqian Xu,Jialing Zhou,Yameng Sun,Huiguo Ding,Wen Xie,Guofeng Chen,Anlin Ma,Hongxin Piao,Bingqiong Wang,Shuyan Chen,Tongtong Meng,Xiaojuan Ou,Hwai-I Yang,Jidong Jia,Yuanyuan Kong,Hong Yo 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.3

Background/Aims: Existing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prediction models are derived mainly from pretreatment or early on-treatment parameters. We reassessed the dynamic changes in the performance of 17 HCC models in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during long-term antiviral therapy (AVT). Methods: Among 987 CHB patients administered long-term entecavir therapy, 660 patients had 8 years of follow-up data. Model scores were calculated using on-treatment values at 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5 years of AVT to predict threeyear HCC occurrence. Model performance was assessed with the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC). The original model cutoffs to distinguish different levels of HCC risk were evaluated by the log-rank test. Results: The AUROCs of the 17 HCC models varied from 0.51 to 0.78 when using on-treatment scores from years 2.5 to 5. Models with a cirrhosis variable showed numerically higher AUROCs (pooled at 0.65–0.73 for treated, untreated, or mixed treatment models) than models without (treated or mixed models: 0.61–0.68; untreated models: 0.51–0.59). Stratification into low, intermediate, and high-risk levels using the original cutoff values could no longer reflect the true HCC incidence using scores after 3.5 years of AVT for models without cirrhosis and after 4 years of AVT for models with cirrhosis. Conclusions: The performance of existing HCC prediction models, especially models without the cirrhosis variable, decreased in CHB patients on long-term AVT. The optimization of existing models or the development of novel models for better HCC prediction during long-term AVT is warranted.

Three-dimensional Multi-missile Cooperative Guidance Law with Time and Space Constraints

Jian Meng,Zhen Yang,Jichuan Huang,Haiyin Piao,Yiyang Zhao,Deyun Zhou 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

This study focuses on the problem of multiple air-to-air missiles coordinated intercepting maneuvering targets in three-dimensional (3-D) space. A fixed time cooperative interception law with attack time and line-of-sight (LOS) angle limitations is proposed. Firstly, we extended the commonly used two-dimensional (2-D) space guidance model to 3-D space, and constructs a 3-D missile-target relative motion model. Secondly, the missile guidance model is decoupled to along and perpendicular to the LOS, and in the LOS direction, a cooperative guiding law based on fixed-time consistency theory is intended to guarantee that all missiles strikes the target at the same moment. Moreover, in the LOS normal direction, an adaptive approach rule is created, and the LOS angle of each missile is regulated to reaching to a given value in a defined time. According to the proposed fixed time fast non-singular terminal sliding mode surface, and spatial coordination is accomplished. In addition, based on Lyapunov stability theory, a detailed fixed time stability analysis is given. In the end, simulation is used to verify the feasibility and efficacy of the guideline law.

Running-in performance of 7075 aluminum alloy strengthened by burnishing technology

Cong Ding,Shiqing Feng,Zhizhao Qiao,Zhenyu Zhou,Zhongyu Piao 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.5

A 2D ultrasonic burnishing technology was employed to strengthen 7075 aluminum alloy. The running-in experiments for original and burnished samples were implemented, and the running-in performance was explored qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that the worn surface of an original sample exhibited the peelings, scratches, and abrasive particles, yet the wear form of a burnished sample was relatively single, mainly with scratches. The quantitative parameter “maximum distance between phase points d max ” was calculated. During the friction and wear process, the d max of friction coefficient signal displayed the variation of first decreasing and then stabilizing, which was consistent with the running-in and steadystate stages of the friction system. Compared with the original sample, the burnished sample had a less d max , which indicated that the phase trajectory had a more convergence, and the friction system had a better stability. This study can guide surface strengthening and running-in performance analysis.