에타놀 정맥투여 고양이의 뇌압 변화에 관한 연구

김세훈,장석종,박해근 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1987 충남의대잡지 Vol.14 No.2

It has been well known that respiratory status has affected the intracranial pressure by' changing the brain blood flow, and also ethanol has affected the respiratory system by inhibiting the respiratory center and has affected cardiovascular system by inhibiting the cardiac performance and decreasing the total peripheral resistance. However, effect of ethanol on intracranial pressure has not been studied satisfactorily. Thus, following experiment was performed to examine the change of the intracranial pressure after ethanol administration in the cats. Ethanol was infused intravenously by lg ethanol per kg body weight for 15 minutes. Intracranial pressure was measured through balloon inserted between epidura and skull. Arterial blood pH, Po_2, Pco_2, ethanol concentration were measured. The results obtained are surnmerized as follows. Blood ethanol concentration increased by linear and peaked at 15 minutes(blood ethanol concentration was 409±31 mg%). Po_2, Pco_2. and pH at 15 minutes were 80. 3±5. lmmHg, 49.2±3.3mmHg and 7.24 =0.015 respectively. Blood pressure began to decrease and arterial pulse pressure began to increase at 10 minutes and more and more at 15 minutes respectively. Intracranial pressure began to increase at 10 minutes (blood ethanol concentration was 316±33 mg%) and peaked as 168.7±11.4% contrast to control at 15 minutes and also amplitude of intracranial pulse wave was increased. From the above results, it was suggested that intracranial presssure and amplitude of intracranial pulse wave were increased significantly by inhibiting respiratory center and thereby dilatating cerebral blood vessels with intravenous ethanol administration.

Association between Socioeconomic Status and Altered Appearance Distress, Body Image, and Quality of Life Among Breast Cancer Patients

Chang, Oliver,Choi, Eun-Kyung,Kim, Im-Ryung,Nam, Seok-Jin,Lee, Jeong Eon,Lee, Se Kyung,Im, Young-Hyuck,Park, Yeon Hee,Cho, Juhee Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Background: Breast cancer patients experience a variety of altered appearance - such as loss or disfigurement of breasts, discolored skin, and hair loss - which result in psychological distress that affect their quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status on the altered appearance distress, body image, and quality of life among Korean breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at advocacy events held at 16 different hospitals in Korea. Subjects were eligible to participate if they were 18 years of age or older, had a histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer, had no evidence of recurrence or metastasis, and had no psychological problems at the time of the survey. Employment status, marital status, education, and income were assessed for patient socioeconomic status. Altered appearance distress was measured using the NCI's cancer treatment side effects scale; body image and quality of life were measured by the EORTC QLC-C30 and BR23. Means and standard deviations of each outcome were compared by socioeconomic status and multivariate linear regression models for evaluating the association between socioeconomic status and altered appearance distress, body image, and quality of life. Results: A total of 126 breast cancer patients participated in the study; the mean age of participants was 47.7 (SD=8.4). Of the total, 83.2% were married, 85.6% received more than high school education, 35.2% were employed, and 41% had more than $3000 in monthly household income. About 46% had mastectomy, and over 30% were receiving either chemotherapy or radiation therapy at the time of the survey. With fully adjusted models, the employed patients had significantly higher altered appearance distress (1.80 vs 1.48; p<0.05) and poorer body image (36.63 vs 51.69; p<0.05) compared to the patients who were unemployed. Higher education (10.58, standard error (SE)=7.63) and family income (12.88, SE=5.08) was positively associated with better body image after adjusting for age, disease stage at diagnosis, current treatment status, and breast surgery type. Similarly, patients who were married and who had higher education had better quality of life were statistically significant in the multivariate models. Conclusions: Socioeconomic status is significantly associated with altered appearance distress, body image, and quality of life in Korean women with breast cancer. Patients who suffer from altered appearance distress or lower body image are much more likely to experience psychosocial, physical, and functional problems than women who do not, therefore health care providers should be aware of the changes and distresses that these breast cancer patients go through and provide specific information and psychosocial support to socioeconomically more vulnerable patients.

The counseling protocol according to psychological change to successful return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Se-Hyun Park,Chang-Sik Um,Eun-Surk Yi 한국운동재활학회 2019 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.05

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common sports injury. There are many studies on various methods of rehabilitation exercise after surgery and mostly has been done on rehabilitation exercise programs tailored to physical changes according to each stage. However, there is little studies on the psychological counseling protocol according to stage of psychological change. The purpose of this study was to research the method of counseling according to psychological change in the patient after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The subject of this study were 60patients who underwent ACL surgery at department of orthopedic surgery, Guro hospital, Korea university. This study evaluated the emotion, confidence and risk of re-injury of patients by using ACL-RSI (ACL-Return to Sport after Injury)questionnaire. The study of result was investigate that a significant difference in all three domains in the group that could return to myself in comparison to the group who did not return to themselves(p<.05). The results of this study suggested that psychological stability was importance for a successful return after 6months, which is the time of returning from ACL surgery. Through these results, this study examined the psychological counseling methods for each recovery stage after ACL reconstruction. Also this study proposed that the psychological counseling methods by summarizing the views of various experts. The proposed contents are as follows. Phase 1, the psychological state of patients was anxiety, emotional state was fear, maladjustment and depression. Exports’s keyword of counseling method was rehabilitation cognition, effort, hope, recovery, hope. Phase 2, the psychological state of patients was slump, emotional state was maladjustment, patience and acception. Exports’s keyword of counseling method was encouragement, counsel, goal setting, effort, challenge, current representation. Phase 3, the psychological state of patients was Adaptation of physical function, emotional state was challenge, patience and acception. Exports’s keyword of counseling method was goal setting, vision, desire, effort, encouragement, counsel. Phase 4, the psychological state of patients was adaptation of Activity Daily Living(ADL), emotional state was patience, compromise and challenge. Exports’s keyword of counseling method was current situation cognition, caution recommendation, plan, vision, goal setting, effort. Phase 5, the psychological state of patients was stability, emotional state was challenge, acception and patience. Exports’s keyword of counseling method was return, counsel, solution, communication, caution recommendation, encouragement, patience.

정원등(lanterns)용 태양전지셀의 온도특성 변화연구

이세현(Se-Hyun Lee),박창용(Chang-Yong Park),조미령(Mee-Ryoung Cho),신상욱(Sang-Wuk Shin),황명근(Myung-Keun Hwang),양승용(Seong-Yong Yang) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2006 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.5월

In this paper, I try to measure the electrical characteristics of PV cell for lanterns with solar simulator and simulated with PC1D software. I keep my eye on the characteristics variation of PV cell as a temperature change. Therefore, I try to increase a temperature of controlled block from 10℃ to 50℃ while measuring the PV cell. As a result, A variation caused by voltage have an effect on the efficacy of PV cell. Hence, it is an important variable when a designer plan to make a solar cell for lanterns.

정원등(lanterns)용 태양전지셀의 온도특성 변화연구

이세현(Se-Hyun Lee),박창용(Chang-Yong Park),조미령(Mee-Ryoung Cho),신상욱(Sang-Wuk Shin),황명근(Myung-Keun Hwang),양승용(Seong-Yong Yang) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

In this paper, I try to measure the electrical characteristics of PV cell for lanterns with solar simulator and simulated with PCID software. I keep my eye on the characteristics variation of PV cell as a temperature change. Therefore, I try to increase a temperature of controlled block from 10℃ to 50℃ while measuring the PV cell. As a result, A variation caused by voltage have an effect on the efficacy of PV cell. Hence, it is an important variable when a designer plan to make a solar cell for lanterns.

한국잔디식재 옥상녹화의 온도저감 및 증발산량 평가

김세창 ( Se Chang Kim ),이현정 ( Hyun Jeong Lee ),박봉주 ( Bong Ju Park ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.11

This was an experimental study to evaluate temperature reduction and evapotranspiration of extensive green roof. Three test cells with a dimension of 1.2(W)×1.2(D)×1.0(H) meters were built using 4-inch concrete blocks. Ten-centimeter concrete slab was installed on top of each cell. The first cell was control cell with no green roof installed. The second and third cells were covered with medium-leaf type Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) above a layer of soil. Soil thickness on the second cell was 10cm and that on the third cell was 20cm. Air temperature, relative humidity and solar irradiance were measured using AWS (automatic weather system). Temperature on top surface and ceiling of the control cell and temperature on top surface, below soil and ceiling of green roof cells was measured. Evapotranspiration of the green roof cells were measured using weight changes. Compared with temperature difference on the control cell, temperature difference was greater on green roof cells. Between two green roof cells, the temperature difference was greater on the third cell with a thicker soil layer. Temperature differences below soil and on ceilings of green roof cells were found greater than those of the control cell. Between the green roof cells, there was no difference in the temperature reduction effects below soil and on ceilings based on substrate depth. In summary, green roof was found effective in temperature reduction due to evapotranspiration and shading effect.

Original Article : Morphologic Characteristics of the Outer Retina in Cone Dystrophy on Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

( Soo Chang Cho ),( Se Joon Woo ),( Kyu Hyung Park ),( Jeong Min Hwang ) 대한안과학회 2013 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.27 No.1

Purpose: To investigate the morphologic changes in the outer retina of patients with cone dystrophy, using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: The medical records of 15 cone dystrophy patients examined from January 2007 to January 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. All patients underwent ophthalmic evaluation including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), color vision testing, fundus examination, full-field standard electroretinography (ERG), multifocal (mf) ERG, and SD-OCT. Qualitative and quantitative SD-OCT data and ERG responses were analyzed and compared among the patient categories and the normal control group. Results: There were 4 major categories of SD-OCT findings, based on the status of the ellipsoid portion of the photoreceptor inner segment (ISe), outer segment (OS) contact cylinder, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. Category 0 showed no structural abnormalities. Category 1 showed foveal ISe loss and obscurity of the border between the ISe band and the external limiting membrane (ELM). Category 2 showed foveal thinning and focal foveal ISe disruption with an intact ELM. Category 3 showed foveal thickening and perifoveal disruption of the ISe layer. Category 1 to 3 showed OS contact cylinder layer absence and RPE thickening. The patients in category 0 tended to be younger (mean, 10.0 years) than those in categories 1 to 3 (mean, 17.6 years), although this difference was not statistically significant. Category 1 to 3 patients exhibited statistically significant thinning of the central retina and outer nuclear layer and thickening of the RPE layer relative to the category 0 and normal control group. There was a significant correlation between the central foveal thickness and BCVA in the patients with cone dystrophy. ERG and mfERG responses did not differ significantly among the different cone dystrophy categories. Conclusions: The morphologic features of cone dystrophy as revealed by SD-OCT, could be categorized as either normal or 1 of 3 different types of outer retinal changes. The presence of normal retinal structures in young cone dystrophy patients with functional impairment (category 0) indicates that electrophysiologic studies are superior to current imaging modalities for the early diagnosis of cone dystrophy. The characteristic SDOCT findings in cone dystrophy patients may aid in differential diagnosis and be useful for future research on the pathology of cone dystrophy.

순차적 냉동 사이클의 성능에 대한 실험적 연구

박한샘(Hansaem Park),장세동(Se-Dong Chang),정백영(Baikyoung Chung),김민수(Min Soo Kim) 대한설비공학회 2016 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

Sequential Carnot cycles have been suggested as the new reference thermodynamic cycle since the temperature change of heat sources and their limited heat capacity can be applied in the cycle. From several researches about this cycle, it is introduced that the efficiency of the system increases along the number of individual cycles in the sequential system. Therefore, in this study, the performance of sequential refrigeration systems is investigated by experiments. The experimental setup for both a single refrigeration system and a sequential refrigeration system is installed as a water to water heat pump and the efficiency of two systems at the same capacity condition is compared. From the result of experiments, it is found that the sequential refrigeration system has an advantage of efficiency over the single refrigeration system about 0 to 16 percent and this advantage becomes more significant if the heat source of the cycle experiences bigger temperature change. Moreover, the reason of it is analyzed from a thermodynamic point of view.

첫 경련이 간질 중첩증으로 발현된 소아의 특성

박석우(Seok Woo Park),장지연(Ji Yeon Chang),권영세(Young Se Kwon),홍영진(Young Jin Hong),손병관(Byong Kwan Son) 대한소아신경학회 2003 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.11 No.2

목 적 : 간질 중첩증은 신속한 치료를 요하는 신경학적 응급 질환으로 때로는 심각한 신경학적 후유증이 발생할 수 있으므로 원인 질환과 예후에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 대해 정확한 이해가 필요하다. 이에 저자들은 첫 경련이 간질 중첩증으로 발현된 소아의 원인, 임상 양상, 치료, 예후 및 신경학적 후유증의 발생 빈도의 연관 관계를 알아보고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1996년 7월부터 2002년 6월까지 인하대학교병원 소아과 및 응급실에서 첫 발작이 간질 중첩증으로 진단받은 1개월에서 5세 사이의 환아 25명을 대상으로 나이에 따른 분포, 원인 질환, 경련 형태, 지속 시간, 사용 약물, 뇌파 및 MRI의 소견, 예후를 기록지를 통하여 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1) 대상 환아의 남녀의 비는 2.1:1이었고 대상 환자 25명 중 남아 17명(68%), 여아 8명(32%)이었으며 연령은 20±1.6개월로 대부분 3세 이상(80%)에서 발생하였다. 2) 경련 형태는 전신 강직-간대형이 60%, 전신 강직형 16%, 부분 간대형이 16%, 부분 발작형이 8%이었다. 3) 원인 질환과 예후는 증후성인 경우가 64%였으며 특발성인 경우가 36%였다. 증후성의 경우 발열이 40%, 중추 신경계 감염이 20%, 허혈성 손상이 4%이었으며 원인 질환이 있는 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우와의 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4) 경련의 지속시간은 30분-1시간이 17례(68%), 1-2시간이 4례(16%), 2시간 이상이 4례(16%) 이었다. 지속 시간이 짧을수록 예후가 좋은 경향을 보였다. 5) 사용 약물은 phenobarbital, phenytoin, midazolam, valium, valproic acid이었다. 약물 한 가지로 조절된 경우 13례(52%), 두 가지로 조절된 경우 11례(44%), 세 가지로 조절 된 경우 2례(4%)이었으며 세 군간의 예후를 비교해 보았을 때 한 가지로 조절된 군이 다른 군 보다 예후가 좋은 경향으로 나타났다. 6) 뇌파는 20례에서 시행하였는데 정상 7례(35%)이었고, 13례(65%)는 비정상이었다. 비정상은 전기적인 지속경련을 보인 경우 6례(30%), 배경파 이상을 보인 경우 6례(30%), 국소적인 간질파를 보인 경우 1례(5%)이었다. MRI는 19례에서 시행하였는데 정상 소견 10례(53%), 이상 소견 9례(47%)이었다. 7) 원인이 발열인 경우에서의 예후는 정상을 보인 경우가 6례, HHE를 보인 경우가 2례, 복합 부분 발작을 보인 경우가 1례, 정신 지체를 동반한 뇌성 마비가 1례였다. 결 론 : 첫 경련이 간질 중첩증으로 발현된 소아는 대부분 3세 이하였다. 경련 시간이 1시간 이내, 한 가지 항경련제로 경련이 조절되는 경우는 예후가 좋았고, 경련 시간이 1시간 이상이거나, 여러 가지 항경련제를 사용하거나, 원인 질환이 있는 경우는 예후가 나빴다. Purpose : Status epilepticus(SE) is a pediatric and neurologic emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and management are needed for successful outcomes. We evaluated, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of the patients whose first seizure attacks were presented as SE. Methods : According to the department of pediatrics and the emergency room in Inha University Medical Center, there were a total of 25 children between 1 month and 5 years old who were diagnosed as status epilepticus from July 1996 to June 2002. Also, their medical records were reviewed and analyzed interms of age distribution, accompaning diseases, the types and duration of convulsion, medications, EEG and MRI findings and prognosis. Results : Twenty-five cases were studied. The mean age at the time of the diagnosis was 20±1.6 months and 80% of the patients were less than 3 years old. The most common type of the status epilepticus was generalized tonic clonic seizure comprising 15 cases(60%). 64% of the patients were symptomatic: fever(40%), CNS infection(20%), ischemic injury(4%) while 36% were idiopathic. Seizure attacks were terminated within an hour in seventeen patients(68%) and they controlled by one antiepileptic drug in thirteen patients(52%). Of the 20 EEGs, abnormal findings were shown in 13 cases(65%); namely, electrical seizure(30%), abnormal background(30%), and focal epileptiform discharge(5%). Of the 19 brain MRIs, abnormal findings were shown in 9 cases(47%). Conclusion : The children whose first seizure attack were presented as SE were less than 3 years old. The prognosis is good in that most of the seizure attacks were terminated within an hour and controlled by one epileptic drug. However those seizure attacks with longer duration, multiple antiepileptic druge and underlying causeare had poor prognosis.

국립공원 내 철새중간기착지에서 철새 도래현황 비교 : 흑산도와 소매물도를 중심으로

홍길표(Gil-Pyo Hong),빙기창(Gi-Chang Bing),조숙영(Sook-Young Cho),박세영(Se-Young Park),김양모,권영수(Young-Soo Kwon) 국립공원연구원 2013 국립공원연구지 Vol.4 No.1

국립공원 내 주요 철새중간기착지의 철새이동 현황을 비교하기 위해 동시 조사를 실시하였다. 조사 지역은 다도해해상국립공원의 흑산도와 한려해상국립공원의 소매물도 지역이며, 조사 기간은 2013년 4월 29일~5월 2일까지 4일간 실시하였다. 조사결과 2개 지역에서 총 109종 2,537개체가 기록되었으며, 지역별로는 흑산도에서 96종 1,615개체, 소매물도에서 45종 922개체가 조사되었다. 흑산도에서는 제비 Hirundo rustica가 최우점종이었으며, 소매물도에서는 괭이갈매기 Larus crassirostris가 최우점종으로 조사되어, 지역별로 우점종의 구성이 다른 것으로 나타났다. 국립공원내에 위치한 철새중간기착지에서의 동시 조사는 본 조사가 처음이다. We performed simultaneous survey in order to compare the status of migratory birds at stopover sites in National Park. The study areas were Heuksan-do in Dadohaehaesang National Park and Somaemul-do in Hallyeohaesang National Park from 29 April to 2 May in 2013. We observed total 109 species, 2,537 individual. In two regions, 96 species, 1,615 individuals were observed in Heuksan-do and 45 species, 922 individuals observed in Somaemul-do. The dominant species was the Barn Swollow Hirundo rustica in Heukan-do and the Black-tailed Gull Larus crassirostris in Somaemul-do. Domiant species differed between two regions. This study is the first time to monitor stopover sites simultaneously in Korea National Park.